The Waddling Gentleman

There is such a group of great creatures who live in the broad place of the southern hemisphere. You can see their waddling figures from the Antarctic to the Galapagos Islands near the equator. In order to survive in different kinds of areas， they own various kinds of features to adapt to different climate conditions. In South America， the Penguins should endure the burning hot climate； in the Antarctic， they have to bear the severe coldness.

Black Swallow-tailed

Coat and White Shirt

Seen above the sea water， the swimming penguin is in dark color， and not obvious in the dark sea. Seen below it in the water， the body is white， without big differences from the bright surface. In this way， the penguin wont be clear in front of both the natural enemies and the preys.

Unusual Fishing Tool

The body of fish is very smooth. In order to prevent the fish of running away， most penguins have the hooked beaks. The front end of the beak looks like a pair of sharp tweezers. The penguin uses its upper beak and lower beak to fix the prey. It always attack fish at the back of the gills， where is the heart of fish. Then the penguin swallows the fish with its head. During this process， the penguins tongue and the pointy bumps on its upper jaw play the important roles， carrying food to the stomach.

The Butterball Can

Still Swim Fast

The penguin is very heavy， so it can dive into the water smoothly. Its spindle body is perfect and has little resistance in water. The little blue penguin always dives to the depth of 30 meters under the water， while the big Emperor Penguin can even dive to the depth of 500 meters. They can enjoy their fishing there， and go back to the sea surface after feeding full.

Bright Little Eyes

When people are diving， they wear the goggles. Then how does a penguin watch things under the water？ The penguins cornea is not so crooked as a persons. Therefore， its almost the same for a penguin to watch things in the water and the air. The crystalline lens hiding behind a penguins pupils can have obvious deformation， more adaptable than a persons. Therefore， the penguin can see clear images in the water. To catch the preys accurately， the penguin must judge correctly the distance between itself and the preys. The views of its two eyes will coincide at a small area on its beaks， and a visual effect as the telescopic sight will form there. In this way， the penguin will see and correctly judge the preys location.

Little Wings，

Big Role

Though penguins are “birds” with wings， they can never fly to the high sky. Their wings are too short to fly， and their bodies are too heavy. It is calculated that they could fly onto the sky only if the speed reaches 400 kilometers per hour. But they cant run so fast with the short legs. Their wings are used to “fly” in the water. The wings are short and slender， with flexible further on them， therefore they can use such a pair of wings to paddle in the water rapidly， just as the ship paddles.

The Little Feet Are

Not Afraid of Cold

To adapt to the severe coldness in the Antarctic， the penguin has thick fat under its skin. It can adjust the blood inflow by changing the arterial diameter， this artery blood vessel carries blood to its feet. When its cold， the feets blood inflow is decreased， while its warm， the blood inflow is increased. In addition， the penguin has a unique “heat exchange system” on its feet， which will prevent its feet having cold injury. In winter， the temperature of penguins feet keeps from 1℃ to 2℃ which reduces the lost of heat and prevents the feet injured by coldness.