波将金——后工业冥想公园

作者：卡萨格兰、林塔拉

地点：日本越后妻有

尺寸：长130米，宽5-15米，高5米

Author: Casagrande & Rintala, Finland

Site: Kuramata village by the Kamagawa River, Echigo-Tsumari, Japan

Dimensions: 130 m long, 5 — 15 m wide, 5 m high

2003日本大地艺术祭

对我来说，波将金是革命的起点。我将继续在精神上依附波将金冥想之园，看看革命将领我走向何处。波将金正好矗立在现代人定义人类自己与自然界关系的十字路口。事实上，我们拥有身处科技世界中人类所需的实现可持续生存发展的一切工具，同样地，我们手中也有着足以毁灭世界的工具。处在这样的转折点上，建筑师、艺术家、城市设计师、环境规划师和人文主义者们必须认清自己的位置和背负的责任。波将金是神圣的当代雅典卫城，是一座思考并维系现代人与大自然关系的后工业圣殿。我把它视为教化心灵的所在，在它的两旁，一边是古老的稻田与河流，另一边是圣洁的日本神道教庙宇。

该公园建立在一个非法的垃圾场上。先穿着雪鞋在建筑场地上构图，雪融化后就按1：1比例建造出该公园景观。下雪时越后妻有地区可能会有深达3米的积雪。

波将金是可回收的城市和工业垃圾抽象拼贴成的艺术之作，是后工业冥想的现代废墟。废墟是融入自然的人为建筑。一进入公园，是一英寸厚的铁制墙壁，它和地面保持相对高度，再往里走，地面一步步地下降，而墙壁则保持高度不变，所以感觉墙壁好像越来越高，似乎有5米多高。沿着伸展的墙壁，一丛丛老橡树林，一系列户外和室内空间，内部的小型寺庙和庭院一一映入眼帘，一路景色不断，而终点就在流向山谷的河流。你可以在那里钓起一些香鱼，并在河边烧制，就在波将金吃完，再悠然自得地散步回家。

从抽象的精神层面看，钢制的波将金庙一面连接着稻田，一面连接着老神道庙宇。有庙宇里的祠官为波将金后工业时代公园送上神圣祝福，现在在仓俣村，每晚仍有120名村民坚持在波将金公园跳转舞，这项传统活动拥有400年的古老历史：从封建时代起，这个村落就将之视为一种纪念英雄的仪式。闲暇之余，村民们可以在公园小礼堂的橡木长凳上闲坐片刻。

仓俣地区的传统水稻种植村落正在消亡。村庄里年轻的一代多向东京新潟市或其它城市迁移，几百年的传统正在飞快地消失；这是基于人与自然和谐共存的一大传统——使人融入自然，成为自然的一部分。波将金强调“当地知识”，并通过建立现代废墟重建希望。来自城里的游客常常睡在波将金后工业时代公园里，他们写信告诉我说，在那里他们睡得很安神。

ECHIGO-TSUMARI ART TRIENNIAL JAPAN 2003

For me Potemkin is the starting point of revolution. I am continuing mentally attached with Potemkin and seeing where the revolution is taking me. Potemkin stands in the crossroads where the modern man has to define his relationship with the nature. We have all the tools needed for a sustainable solution of human existence in the technological world. Now we also have all the tools to destroy the world. Architects, artists, urban planners, environmental planners and humanists must find their position and responsibility in this turning point.Potemkin stands as an Acropolis to be the post industrial temple to think of the connection between the modern man and nature. I see Potemkin as a cultivated junk yard situated between the ancient rice fields and river with a straight axis to the Shinto temple.

The park is founded on an illegal garbage dump. The architecture was drawn on site in 1:1 scale on snow by walking the lines with snow-shoes and then built up when the snow melted.Echigo-Tsumari region may get 3 meters of snow.

The Potemkin is an artistically articulated collage of recycled urban and industrial waste, an industrial ruin for post-industrial meditation. Ruin is when man-made has become part of nature. As one enters the park the one inch thick steel walls are on the ground level, but while proceeding further the ground is descending, while the walls keep levelled and thus become 5 metes high. The wall system is framing a set of old oak trees and a series of outdoor and indoor spaces, smaller temples and courtyards with the final focus on the river down in the valley. River, where you may fish your ayu-fish, grill it and eat it up in Potemkin and go home.The steel temple Potemkin is spiritually connected to the old Shinto temple on the other side of the rice fields. The post industrial meditation park is blessed by the Shinto priest and the 120 Kuramata villagers are continuing now their 400 -year old tradition of every night circular dance in Potemkin. A community ritual memorizing a heroic act from the feudal times. All the village can sit on the small oak bench auditorium of the park.

The rice farming village of Kuramata is dying. The younger generations have moved to Nijgata, Tokyo and other cities and the traditions of hundreds of years are about to disappear very rapidly; traditions that are based on a harmonious co-existence between the man and nature - human nature as part of nature. Potemkin celebrates Local Knowledge and by providing an industrial ruin it is providing hope. Urban visitors are often sleeping in Potemkin and they are writing to me that they slept good.