巧妙单选 教你会选

刘鹏

英语单项选择题具有容量大、考查面广的特点，设题灵活。同学们要做好这类试题，一要具备扎实的英语基础知识；二要紧扣语言环境，抓住关键词语；三要掌握一些做单项填空题的思路、方法和技巧。

一、寻找关键信息，作出准确判断

试题的有关信息不一定在句子的表面，可能存在于某一个引人注目的单词或句子里，所以应对此类试题首先细读，吃透题干的意思，然后有针对性地捕捉关键的信息，作出准确判断。

1. —Hey， Tina. ______ are you going for your vacation？

—Hmmm， I think Im going to Shanghai. （江西省）

A. How B. Where C. When D. Why

分析：此题的关键信息是答句中所提供的地点名词“Shanghai”，因此答案应该是相对应的询问地点的疑问副词“Where”，故B是正确答案。

2. —Oh！ Whats the matter？

—Im really ______ all the time. I have no energy. （南昌市）

A. busy B. happy C. tired D. excited

分析：此题的关键信息是“have no energy”，“have no energy”对应的单词是“tired”，因此答案是C。

3. —Hello， Sandy. This is Jack. What are you doing？

—Im watching a match. It started at 7 p.m. and ______ on for another half an hour. （武汉市）

A. has been B. was

C. had been D. will be

分析：此题的关键信息是“another”，如果没有“another”这个单词，那么答案应该是A。因为“another”意思是“另外的”，表将来，所以本题正确答案为D。

二、分类比较，注意区别

对于某些题目，如果仅从题干上分析，不一定能弄清楚其考查目。这时可以采用分类对比选项，结合题干意义，排除干扰选项的做法来选择正确答案。

1. —Can you tell me how to make apple juice？

—Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it ______. （合肥市）

A. is made B. is making

C. makes D. will make

分析：对A、B、C、D四个选项进行比较，可以发现只有A是被动语态的形式，其他三个都是主动语态的形式。另外，这三个主动语态形式的选项填上去，在结构上不完整，缺少宾语，因此答案是A。

三、灵活运用，避免思维定势

考题中有很多题目似曾相识，受思维定势影响，大家很容易作出错误判断。受练习过的题目影响，不少同学就会忽视新题与以前练过的不完全相同。

1. —Look at that model ship.

—I know， but it looks like a real one. Its just ______. （太原市）

A. small B. very small

C. smaller D. smallest

分析：不少同学容易受思维定势的影响，认为比较级和最高级一般会列出两者、三者或三者以上比较的人、东西或事情，而本题表面上看，没有明显的比较对象，考生容易误选A。但根据上下文，可以看出是“that model ship”和“a real one”进行比较，故应使用比较级，答案为C。

四、把握语境，据意巧断

语境一般指语段的上下文，也指语言文字以外的时间、地点、人物以及社会环境。因此，我们须充分利用所给的条件，吃透语境、句意，仔细分析，合理推断，从而选出最佳答案。

1. —You dont look well. Youd better see the doctor.

—I ______. But the doctor said there was nothing serious. （石家庄市）

A. have B. am C. will D. was

分析：如果没有语境提示，任意选项都行，但根据上文“Youd better see the doctor”和下文“But the doctor said there was nothing serious”，说明“已经去看过医生了”，因此答案是A。

2. —What ______ do you have for Paul？

—I think he should study harder than before. （西安市）

A. news B. advice

C. help D. information

分析：这是一道考查语境的题，如果离开语境，就很难答对题目。根据答语“I think he should study harder than before”可以判断这是一个建议，故答案应是B。

五、仔细鉴别，逐个排除

所提供的四个选项似是而非，难于选择。这时应排除错误比较明显的选项，然后把注意力集中到难以确定的选项中去，经过分析、筛选，认真推敲，得出最佳答案。

1. —What do you think of Lucys birthday party？

—______. I hope I can have such a party too. （南京市）

A. Just so so B. Boring

C. Terrible D. Wonderful

分析：根据下文“I hope I can have such a party too”可以把选项A、B、C排除。因此答案是D。

2. —I prefer to eat cakes that have cream on top.

—______！ They are delicious. （上海市）

A. Good luck B. Me too

C. I hope so D. Youre kidding

分析：把四个选项的答案分别放入句中，结合上下文，可以把A、C、D三个选项排除，得出正确答案是B。

【模拟练习】

请阅读下面各小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —You look worried. Whats your ______？

—I have trouble learning English.

A. name B. question

C. problem D. job

2. Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So please ______ your MP3.

A. turn up B. turn down

C. turn on D. turn off

3. —Which of the two T-shirts will you take？

—Ill take ______， one for my brother， the other for myself.

A. either B. neither C. all D. both

4. Go along the street. The museum is just on your right. You cant ______ it.

A. make B. find C. miss D. fail

5. —Do you know ______ the man with sunglasses is？

—Im not sure. Maybe a reporter.

A. who B. what C. where D. how

6. It ______ outside. Youd better take an umbrella with you.

A. rains B. is raining

C. rained D. has rained

7. —Could I borrow your bike？

—_____， but please return it by Saturday.

A. Im sorry B. Of course

C. Let me see D. No， thanks

8. —Susans parents have bought a large house with a beautiful garden.

—It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.

A. must B. might

C. cant D. shouldnt

9. —How about the dishes？

—Fantastic！ Nothing tastes ______.

A. nice B. better

C. terrible D. worse

10. Help others whenever you can ______ youll make the world a nicer place to live.

A. and B. or C. unless D. but

11. —Can I help you？

—I bought this watch yesterday， but it ______ work.

A. wont B. didnt

C. doesnt D. wouldnt

12. —I cant go with you today. There will be a test tomorrow.

—______. Maybe next time.

A. It doesnt matter B. My pleasure C. I dont think so D. Sorry to hear that

13. —Why did you buy a radio？

—______ English.

A. Learn B. Learning

C. To learn D. Be learning

14. —I didnt know you take a bus to school.

—Oh， I _____ take a bus， but it is snowing today.

A. hardly B. never

C. sometimes D. usually

15. I ______ to get there before seven tomorrow， so Ill have to get up early.

A. told B. have told

C. will tell D. was told

16. If the traffic light is red， you ______ cross the road. Its very dangerous.

A. dont B. mustnt

C. neednt D. wouldnt

17. —Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday？

—Im afraid its not a good ______. Many of us have been there.

A. place B. day C. plan D. idea

18. Jack is afraid of flying. He feels ______ before he gets on the plane.

A. surprised B. excited

C. proud D. nervous

19. —Have you heard the latest news？

—No， what ______？

A. is it B. is there

C. are they D. are those

20. I ______ to Cape Town so I know nothing about it.

A. dont travel B. wont travel

C. havent traveled D. hadnt traveled

21. —What a hot day！ How about going swimming after school？

—______！ Lets ask Daniel to go with us.

A. Thats OK B. No problem

C. Good luck D. Sounds great

22. Were going to the bookstore. You can come with us ______ you can meet us there later.

A. and B. but C. or D. then

23. —Nancy is not coming to the party tonight.

—But she ______ me shed love to.

A. tells B. told

C. had told D. is telling

24. —Do you know ______ the Smiths left Shanghai？

—Im not sure. I only remember it was a Sunday.

A. if B. when C. how D. why

25. ______ more information about the trip， you can go to www.jxtour.com.

A. Find B. Finding

C. To find D. Found

26. —Lets go to the new restaurant on 24th Street for dinner tonight.

—We can cook it at home. Its ______.

A. expensive B. more expensive

C. less expensive D. the most expensive

27. Dont ______ too late， or youll feel tired in tomorrows classes.

A. stay up B. wake up

C. get up D. give up

28. —May I have a glass of beer， please？

—Beer？ Sorry， theres ______ left， but would you like some juice instead？

A. none B. something

C. no one D. nothing

29. —How many cakes can I have， Mum？

—None， dear. They ____ for your father.

A. prepare B. prepared

C. have prepared D. were prepared

30. —Im going back to see my parents this afternoon.

—______.

A. Its very nice of you

B. Youd better hurry

C. Say goodbye to them

D. Give my best wishes to them

31. —It looks like a television. Do you think so？

—Yes， I ______.

A. understand B. know

C. mean D. agree

32. —I dont know how to use this machine.

—It doesnt matter. Here is the ______.

A. instruction B. direction

C. information D. advertisement

33. —Are you going to Beijing by plane？

—Its expensive， but fast. So I am not sure. I ______ take a train.

A. should B. may C. must D. will

34. —What a hot day！ Have you had a drink？

—Yes. But Id like to have ______ after work.

A. it B. one C. other D. another

35. —Do you remember___he came here？

—Of course I do. His father drove him here.

A. whether B. when C. how D. why

36. —I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.

—I suppose you ______ too fast.

A. drive B. are driving

C. drove D. were driving

37. —______ the socks， Jim. You shouldnt throw them everywhere.

—OK， Mom.

A. Take out B. Take off

C. Try on D. Put away

38. —What should I do， doctor？

—______ healthy， you should take more exercise.

A. Keep B. Keeping

C. To keep D. Having kept

39. —Oh， Marys not here these days. Is she ill？

—______. Her parents told me that she was in hospital.

A. I am afraid so B. I hope not

C. I dont mind D. I dont think so

40. —Nancy， how long does it take to fly to Canada？

—Sorry， I dont know. But I can telephone my father to ______ it for you.

A. do B. check C. catch D. find