院士风采

朱物华1902.01.03～1998.03.11

无线电子学家、水声工程专家。江苏扬州人。1923年毕业于上海交通大学。1924年获美国麻省理工学院硕士学位，1926年获美国哈佛大学博士学位。上海交通大学教授、顾问。从事教育、培养人才工作达68年，讲授过无线电原理、电视、信息论等21门课程。十分重视基础理论和实验研究，对新技术也十分关注。编写了电信网络、无线电原理、电视学、电力传输、电力系统自动化、电气自动化、电力系统中的频率自动调整、信息论、水声工程原理和声全息技术等教材。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Electronics expert and hydraulic sound engineering specialist.Born in Yangzhou, Jiagsu Province.Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1923.Received MS from MIT, USA in 1924 and Ph.D.from Harvard University in 1926.Professor and advisor, Shanghai Jiaotong University.

Zhu has been engaged in education and talent training for 65 years.He gave lectures on 21 courses, such as radio electronics,television and information theory.He stressed very much on basic theory and experimental study and paid great attention to the development of new technology.He compiled and drafted a number of textbooks, such as “Telecommunication Network”, “Radio Principles”, “Television Science”, “Power Transmission”,”Electrical Power”, ”System Automation”, ”Electrical Automation”, “Frequency Auto-modulation in Electrical Power System”, “Information Theory”, “Hydraulic Sound Engineering Principles”, and “Audiohologram Technology”.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

刘敦桢1897.09.19～1986.05.01

现代建筑学、建筑史学家。湖南新宁人。1921年毕业于日本东京高等工业学教建筑科。南京工学院教授、系主任。中国建筑教育及中国古建筑研究的开拓者之一。毕生致力于建筑教学及发扬中国传统建筑文化。1928年发表《佛教对于中国建筑之影响》。1930年加入中国营造学社。在《中国营造学社汇刊》上发表论文《北平智华寺如来殿调查记》、《大壮室笔记》、《明长陵》、《大同古建筑调查报告》、《易县清西陵》、《河北西部古建筑调查纪略》、《河南北部古建筑调查记》等，为中国古建筑研究树立楷模。1953年创办中国建筑研究室，出版了《中国住宅概况》。1959年起，主编《中国古代建筑简史》、《苏州古典园林》，总结国内研究成果，为中国建筑史这门学科做出了贡献。遗著已整理为《刘敦桢文集》四卷出版。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Specialist in modern architectural education and history of architecture.Born in Xinning, Hunan Province.Graduated from the Architecture Department of Advanced Industry School, Tokyo in 1921.Professor and dean, Nanjing Institute of Technology.

Liu was one of the pioneers of China’s architectural education and history of architecture.He published “The Influence of Buddhism on Chinese Architecture” in 1928.He joined the Society for Research on Chinese Architecture in 1930.He published a number of theses of The Bulletin of Society for Research on Chinese Architecture,including “Investigation on the Hall of Buddha of Zhihua Temple in Beijing”, “A Note of Dazhuangshi”, “Chang Tomb of Ming Dynasty”, “Report on the Investigation of Ancient Architecture in Datong”, “The West Tomb in Yixian County”, “A Brief Investigation on Ancient Architecture in Western Hebei Province”,and “Report on the Investigatin of Ancient Architecture of Northern Henan Province”.He set a model for the research on ancient Chinese architecture.He established the Research Laboratory of Chinese Architecture in 1953 and published “General Survey of Chinese Residential Architecture”.He became the chief editor of “A Brief History of Ancient Chinese Architecture” and “Chinese Classical Gardens in Suzhou” in 1959.He summarized research achievements in China and made contributions to the study of the history of Chinese architecture.Most of his works were included in a four-volume publication of “The Collected Works of Liu Dunzhen”.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

孙德和1911.08.21～1981.07

钢铁冶金学家。安徽桐城人。1934年毕业于清华大学。1938年获德国柏林高等工业学校工程师学位，1942年获阿亨工科大学博士学位。冶金工业部北京钢铁设计研究院副总工程师、教授。系统地研究了钢中含氢、真空测氢和真空冶炼对不同钢种含氢的影响；创制了真空钢液取样测氢和氧的仪器。主持了我国第一个特殊钢厂—大冶钢厂的扩建工程总体设计。积极推进和指导我国第一座氧气转炉厂、连续铸钢、钢水真空处理和炉外精炼等项目的实验和工程设计。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Metallurgist and engineering design specialist in iron and steel industry.Born in Tongcheng, Anhui Province.Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1934.Received engineer degree in Germany in 1938, and Doktor-Ingenieur and special honorary Borchers medal from Technischen Hochschule zu Aachen in 1942.Professor,Tongji University, vice president, Shanghai Iron and Steel Company,deputy chief engineer, Beijing Central Engineering and Research Incorporation of Iron and Steel Industry, and deputy director, Editorial Board of “Mining and Metallurgy” of the Chinese Encyclopedia.

Sun was engaged in systematic research on the hydrogen in steel, the vacuum method for determining hydrogen content in steel and the influence of vacuum smelting on the hydrogen in different kinds of steel.Meanwhile, he successfully developed a new instrument for liquid steel sampling by vacuum method and for the analysis of hydrogen and oxygen content in steel.He headed the overall design of the extension project of Daye Steel Works, the first special steel plant in China.He promoted and conducted actively the experimental work and engineering design of the projects concerning steel continuous casting, vacuum degassing and secondary refining.He was awarded the title “Advanced Scientific and Technological Worker with Outstanding Contribution” by the National Science Conference held in 1978.He dedicated his remaining years to the compilation of the Chinese Encyclopedia in spite of suffering from constant illness.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

刘仙洲1890.01.27～1975.10.06

工程教育家和机械工程专家。河北完县人。1918年毕业于香港大学机械工程系，获“头等荣誉”毕业文凭。清华大学第一副校长、教授。长期从事教育工作，治学严谨、德高望重，学术上很有成就。在教学过程中，坚持用汉语讲课，并发奋编写多种中文教材，成为我国自编工科大学教科书的创始人。奠定了我国机械工程教育的基础。1933年，开始编订《英汉对照机械工程名词》，定义并统一了汉语机械工程名词。同时是中国机械工程发明史研究的创始人，曾长期从事这方面的研究，并积极从事农业机械的推广和中国农业机械工程发明史的研究工作。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Engineering education and mechanical engineering expert.Born in Wanxian, Hebei Province.Graduated with the certificate of firstclass honor from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong University in 1918.Professor and president, Beiyang University,professor, Northeast University, and first vice president Tsinghua University.

Liu was engaged in education for a long time and was noted for his meticulous scholarship, noble character, high prestige and excellent academic achievements.In engineering education, he persisted in lecturing in Chinese language, wrote various kinds of teaching materials in Chinese, and was the originator for compiling Chinese textbooks for engineering colleges.He started to compile the English-Chinese Dictionary of Mechanical Engineering in 1933 and defied and unified the Chinese terms of mechanical engineering.In addition, he was the founder of the study of the invention history of Chinese mechanical engineering and carried out persistent research in this field.He worked hard for the popularization of agriculture machinery and for the research on the invention history of Chinese agricultural mechanical engineering.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.