关于常规的专业项目的交流和开放性探讨

ACXT是一个由专业人士组成的团队，它致力于为常见的问题提供令人信服的解决方案：即建筑的前提和基础是什么？如何确立品质原则？建筑师的著作权在哪种条件下得到建立和承认？该如何应对全球化、专业化和文化多样化的社会带来的影响？所有这些又如何与审美的要求相符？ACXT的成员都认为应以一种与当前不同的方式来解决这些问题：而当前提供的模式不是独立建筑师的小型事务所，就是在明星建筑师体制保护下产生的特例。社会、经济和文化等时代背景转型也意味需对传统的组织框架重新斟酌考虑。ACXT在设计过程中结合了两方面的工作模式，并以此为基础激发了新的组织范式，其潜质也已得到认同。其中，一方面是个人提出的独到建议，另一方面则是由跨学科团队完成的综合多样的设计作品和一系列彼此交迭的创新决策，这些决策总能出人意料地获得来自集体智慧的贡献。

ACXT隶属IDOM集团，是集团宗旨在建筑设计界的延伸，这些原则不仅促使了ACXT的建立，也在公司存在的40多年中得到持续贯彻。为了努力超越当前市场提供的产品形式，它的业务范围涵盖了从建筑事务所到咨询公司的各种模式。

一些渴望在充满活力的跨学科团队中实践的建筑师满怀热情地建立了ACXT。ACXT有意培养和尊重所有团队成员的能力与技术，并乐于承认每位员工在专业方面的贡献，尽可能地吸纳和承认所有员工的贡献，即使要在这一突破界限的过程中保持共同利益的平衡也相当复杂。

从这个角度看，ACXT的成就可以理解为，是专业人员在尊重团队成员的个性与独立，并共同遵循某些观念的条件下同舟共济的结果。而这些共识并不妨碍建筑师个人和团队以其天才的个性与特点和清晰可辨的风格进行构思创作。

ACXT推动了全面整合的工作方法，以尽可能整体和开阔的思路创造作品，修正了那种认为建筑仅由可转化为实体的因素主导的唯我论思想：即设计作品是艺术家激情创作的成果。ACXT感到有必要克服将文化降格为与设计作品相关的各种术语的倾向，它是将胡乱堆砌转变为实体的创造材料的温床。

我们所感兴趣的，是对创作过程中无法转变为实体的事实也有所考虑的过程，即对人类实践中创造活动本身的参与，以及在积累作品并改变世界同时对个体自身人格的建构。

ACXT成立之初就摆脱了那种难以避免且不可自拔地进行标新立异的欲望，也不存在想要惊世骇俗的压力，更无需刻意表现或公开炫耀。它唯一想做的，就是满足我们想在业内尽心尽职的内在需要。

ACXT是作为专业人士的联盟建立的。今天，有400多名员工在ACXT工作，其中一半以上是建筑师。除此之外，还包括许多工程师和科学家：市政工程师、机械工程师、电子工程师、农学家、生物学家、声学专家、照明专家、远程通信工程师、成本核算师、施工现场组织管理人员、平面设计师及信息技术人员等。针对专业分工和技术发展产生的诸多问题，我们寻求的设计方案通常在项目伊始的概念设计阶段就能够综合考虑这些问题。

在ACXT，我们分享专业知识，并鼓励共同参与合作。通常的设计项目都会既有沟通、也有公开的争论，有时通过虚拟网络进行讨论，有时则当面探讨问题。在必须涉及多方合作的项目中，我们注重更优秀的个人能力，避免成为雄心勃勃的个人目标，最重要的是，以慷慨包容的精神作为工作基础，它是保持整体利益平衡的关键因素。那么，对于这样一个人员组成混合多样的专业团队，日常工作是怎样进行的？彼此不同、甚至有时针锋相对的各种利益之间怎样取得平衡？

首先，在物质层面，ACXT的组织结构围绕分布在世界各地的一系列办事处展开：地点包括：巴塞罗那、毕尔巴鄂、里斯本、伦敦、马德里、墨西哥、潘普洛纳、圣地亚哥、圣保罗、塞维利亚、瓦伦西亚、维多利亚和萨拉戈萨……组成联盟的专业人员构成工作网络，这一思想使它的成长和扩张能免受公司规模和地理分布的负面影响。每个办事处都有能在完成业务的同时履行管理职能的团队。维持整体运作和鼓励个人发展是他们开展工作的基本思想。

公司另一层面的组织原则是对员工技术专长和知识技能的承认。根据专业特长挑选人员，组成水平化的组织团队，他们负责员工的专业技术发展。这些管理小组充分利用前期积累的经验，采取各种手段，在享受水平化组织带来活力的同时，保证技术水准。

最后一项帮助ACXT完成工作并取得卓越成绩的关键因素是所有成员都共同具有的责任感。

公司的产权结构由专业人员之间的关联协议进行规定。公司的所有权属于服务于公司的专业人员。所有在ACXT执业的个人，无论岗位，都有权在一段时间后成为合伙人，并由此获得一定份额的产权及收益。

自1994年始，ACXT以股票上市公司的法定形式实施了这项政策。它的客户涉及许多不同领域，数量多达500多家。这些数据表明，它不仅是西班牙最大的建筑集团，也是少数几家组织构架激进的跨专业的全球性建筑企业之一。在伦敦《建筑设计》杂志2010年度的“《建筑设计》世界建筑100强”排名中，ACXT以其庞大的建筑师数量名列“世界最重要的建筑企业”第37位。□（徐知兰 译）

ACXT is a group of professionals that was created with the idea of offering convincing answers to the usual questions: what is the reason for and the basis of architecture? Where does the quality principle lie? In what terms is authorship recognized and established? How do we deal with the impact of a global, specialized and multicultural society?How does all this fit in with the quest for beauty?Its members share the need to deal with these questions from a professional model different from that currently on offer: the small scale single man studio or the classic by-products created under the protection of the star system. The shifting of the social, economic and cultural context suggests the need for the reconsideration of the traditional organizational schemes. ACXT stimulates －convinced of its potential－a new model based on the synthesis of a double work pattern during the creative process.On the one hand, the individual's unique suggestions and on the other, the complex and heterodox sum of interdisciplinary team work, an overlapping mixture of creative decisions always open to unforeseen and unexpected contributions of collective work.

ACXT emerged linked to IDOM group, as an extension in the world of architecture of the principles that inspired its foundation and has continued functioning for over forty years. In an attempt to exceed the existing offer on the market,its work covers from the architect's studio model to that of the services company.

ACXT was conceived from the enthusiasm of those who desire to be architects in the thriving field of a multidisciplinary team. It has the intention of boosting and respecting the capabilities and skills of all team members, acknowledging the professional contributions of each individual. It is a complex balance of shared interests in an attempt to push boundaries, trying to include and recognize the contributions of all.

From this point of view, the work carried out by ACXT can be understood as the result of a professional coexistence that respects the personality and singularity of its members and shares some policies. The existence of these policies does not prevent projects from being conceived by authors and teams with genuine personality and character, a recognizable style.

ACXT promotes a systemic and transversal approach; work conceived from the broadest and most holistic conception possible; a revision of the solipsistic idea of architecture understood as a process where only what is transitive predominates:the product, the result of an enthusiastic artist's work. ACXT felt the need to overcome that approximation that reduced culture to productrelated terms, a great stockroom of objectified creative material.

We took interest in a process that also considered the intransitive reality of the creative process. The incorporation into the creation activity of the human praxis itself, the construction of one's self while putting products together and transforming the world.

ACXT wasn't conceived from the imperative and obsessive necessity of inventing. It is also free from the pressure of having to surprise, in the sense of putting on a show or display. All it tries to do is to offer a solution to an interior need of carrying out a responsible practice of our profession.

ACXT was set up as an association of professionals. More than four hundred people work at ACXT today, more than half of them being architects. Engineers are also involved:civil, mechanical, electrical, agricultural...,biologists, experts in acoustics, illumination,telecommunications, costs, building site organization, graphic designers or IT technicians.Due to the problems caused by specialization and the development of technology, we seek solutions that integrate them right from the beginning, in the project conception stage.

Knowledge is shared and participation and collaboration is encouraged. Communication and open debate during a common professional project,sometimes virtual, others physical. A project where cooperation is a must, favouring a better personal development, avoiding exaggerated personal ambition and, above all, based on generosity, a key factor for the balance of overall interests. What is daily routine like in a heterogeneous group of professionals such as this? How are the different and sometimes contrary interests balanced out?

ACXT is structured, at a first physical level,around a series of offices located all over the world:Barcelona, Bilbao, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Mexico,Pamplona, Santiago, Sao Paulo, Seville, Valencia,Vitoria, Zaragoza...Its concept of a network of associated professionals allows it to grow and expand without the reservations caused by size and geographical dispersion. Each office has a team that overlaps its management duties with its technical task. These people carry out their jobs with the idea of making the whole thing work and encouraging the development of people.

Another organizational dimension recognizes technical specialization, knowledge. Horizontally organized work teams grouped by specialization are in charge of professional and technical development of team members. These groups make the most of previous experience, develop tools and guarantee technical quality from horizontal dynamics.

The final key to the excellence of ACXT and its work lies in the sense of responsibility of all its members.

Its property structure is regulated by an associative agreement between professionals.The ownership of the group is in the hands of professionals who work for the firm. All individuals who carry out their work in ACXT, regardless of their role, have a right to become associates after a certain period of time and can therefore take part in the ownership and the benefits.

ACXT operates following this policy under the legal form of a public limited company since 1994. It serves over 500 clients from many different sectors.These figures imply that it is the biggest architecture group in Spain, and one of the few worldwide with such a radical multidisciplinary approach. The London magazineBuilding Design, in its 2010 annual ranking"BD World Architecture Top 100", placed ACXT in position 37 of the most important firms worldwide by number of architects. □