彭章友,张 兴,刘艳艳
(1.上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200072;2.上海大学特种光纤与光接入网省部共建重点实验室,上海 200072)
高速移动OFDM系统信干比的低复杂差分计算
彭章友1,2,张 兴1,2,刘艳艳1,2
(1.上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200072;2.上海大学特种光纤与光接入网省部共建重点实验室,上海 200072)
针对高速移动正交频分复用系统,提出了迭代消除子载波干扰的信干比差分计算方法。该方法把前后两次迭代的子载波干扰进行差分运算,差分运算值的加权作为干扰,每次迭代消除子载波干扰后的信号作为有用信号,实现信干比的计算。误差分析和仿真数据表明:采用这种方法计算信干比可以有效估算出系统信干比,同时算法复杂度较低。
正交频分复用;迭代算法;差分计算;子载波干扰;信干比
随着高速铁路技术的快速发展,以高速铁路为代表的地面超高速移动性OFDM宽带无线通信系统的研究越来越受到人们的关注。然而,由于OFDM系统对定时和频率偏差较为敏感,易受多普勒频移、收发载波频偏(CFO)、振荡器相位噪声等时变因素[1]的影响,使子载波间正交性遭到破坏,产生子载波间的干扰(ICI),导致系统性能明显下降。在高速移动环境下,多普勒频移是影响系统性能的关键因素[2-3]。为此,许多学者提出了一些消除方法,包括迫零法(ZF)[4]、最小均方误差法(MMSE)[5]、多普勒分集方法[6]等。近年来,低复杂度的ICI消除算法研究受到了越来越多的关注[7-9],尤其是低复杂度ICI迭代消除算法[10]。文献[11]在STBC-OFDM系统中提出的迭代算法,初始值确定无需通过检测器,降低了计算复杂度,提高了系统性能和ICI消除速度。但这些算法均采用误码率作为指标,而误码率在实际的ICI消除过程中是难以计算的。我们在分析了信干比与多普勒频移的关系后,认为可以采用信干比作为消除程度指标,而且要求信干比的计算复杂度也要低。为此,针对高速移动正交频分复用系统,本文提出了迭代消除子载波干扰的信干比差分计算方法。首先根据OFDM系统ICI产生模型,回顾了传统的系统信干比计算方法;在此基础上,提出了低复杂度的信干比计算方法,同时对该方法进行了误差分析。仿真结果表明,本文提出的信干比计算方法复杂度较低且能够有效地估算系统信干比。
图1 OFDM系统ICI模型Fig.1 ICI model of OFDM system
相对频偏分别为0.08和0.008时,相对误差 @SIRn的仿真图如图2所示。从图中可以得出:随着迭代次数的增加,计算信干比的相对误差越来越小;信道信噪比越大,计算信干比的相对误差也越来越小。当 ε=0.08、信噪比大于10 dB时,或当 ε=0.008、信噪比大于6 dB时,3次迭代后信干比的相对误差就能达到10-2以下。
图2 相对频偏分别为0.08和0.008时,相对误差@SIRn仿真Fig.2 Relative error simu lation of@SIRn when ε=0.08,0.008
图3为相对频偏在0.008下,简化差分算法计算的相对误差 @SIRn的仿真图。比较图2和图3知,当 ε=0.008、信噪比大于6 dB时,3次迭代后信干比的相对误差均能达到10-2以下,并且图2和图3的数值很接近,说明较小频偏时可以采用差分计算的简化方法。
图3 相对频偏ε=0.008时,@SIRn与信噪比的关系Fig.3 Relations between@SIRn and SNR when ε=0.008
图4为相对频偏在0.08和0.15下,迭代次数与噪声项归一化功率的仿真图。从图4(a)中我们可以知道,当相对频偏为0.08的情况下,经过6次迭代以后的噪声项功率趋于收敛且能达到信道噪声功率P{W}的97.9%。因此,当系统SNR已知的情况下,通过迭代次数和频偏变化可以近似地计算出噪声项功率。同理,从图4(b)知,当相对频偏为0.15的情况下,噪声项的功率8次以后也基本上趋于收敛且能达到信道噪声功率P{W}的92.8%。
图4 相对频偏分别为0.08和0.15时,迭代次数与噪声项功率的关系曲线Fig.4 Relations between iterative numbers and noise power when ε=0.08,0.15
本文提出了一种迭代消除子载波干扰的信干比差分计算方法。该方法把前后两次迭代的子载波干扰进行差分运算,差分运算值的加权作为干扰,每次迭代消除子载波干扰后的信号作为有用信号,实现了信干比的计算。误差分析和仿真数据表明:信噪比大于10 dB时,采用这种方法计算信干比与理论信干比的相对误差小于10-2,其计算复杂度仅为O(N3)。但是,信道特点对误差的影响在论文中没有进行详细分析,希望在后续工作中进行研究。
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Low-complexity Differential Calculation of SIR for High-Mobility OFDM System
PENG Zhang-you1,2,ZHANG Xing1,2,LIU Yan-yan1,2
(1.School of Communication and Information Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200072,China;2.Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200072,China)
A differential calculation method of Signal to Interference Ratio(SIR)based on iterative Inter-carrier Interference(ICI)cancellation is proposed for high-mobility orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)system.This method performs differential calculation of ICI before and after iterations,takesweightings of differential calculation and signal of each ICI iterative cancellation separately as interference and signal,respectively so as to realize the calculation of SIR.Error analysis and simulation results show that this method can effectively estimate SIRand has low-complexity.
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM);iterative algorithm;differential calcu lation;inter-carrier interference(ICI);signal to interference ratio(SIR)
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61071109);Shanghai Committee of Education Fund for Innovation(11YZ02)
TN911.4
A
10.3969/j.issn.1001-893x.2011.02.007
1001-893X(2011)02-0034-06
2010-12-28;
2011-02-18
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61071109);上海市教委创新基金资助项目(11YZ02)
彭章友(1965-),男,浙江人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为宽带无线通信技术、通信信号处理;
PENG Zhang-you was born in Zhejiang Province,in 1965.He is now an associate professor with the Ph.D.degree.His research interests include broadband wireless communication and communication information processing.
Email:zypeng@mail.shu.edu.cn
张 兴(1986-),男,安徽人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为高速环境下低复杂ICI算法研究;
ZHANG Xing was born in Anhui Province,in 1986.He is now a graduate student.His research direction is low-complexity ICI cancellation algorithm for high-mobility.
Email:jiagnzhang@163.com
刘艳艳(1986-),女,山东人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为高速环境下OFDM系统ICI模型研究。
LIU Yan-yan was born in Shangdong Province,in1986.She is now a graduate student.Her research concerns ICI model of OFD M system for high-mobility.
Email:yfy.68@163.com