院士风采

院士风采

段学复

1914.7 .29 ～2005.2.6

代数学家。陕西华县人。1936年毕业于清华大学。1943年获美国普林斯顿大学博士学位。北京大学教授。在有限群的模表示论特别是指标快及其在有限单群和有限复线性群的构造研究中的应用方面取得重要成果。指导博士张继平用表示论和有限单群分类定理彻底解决了著名的Brauer第39问题、第40问题。在代数李群研究方面与外国学者和作用李代数得方法完成了早期奠基性成果。在有限P群方面，与华罗庚合作研究并取得一系列成果。将有限论应用于军事科学研究，为国防建设做出了贡献。

1955 年选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Algebrist. Born in Huaxian, Shanxi Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936.Received Ph.D. from Princeton University, USA in 1943. Professor, Peking University.

Duan has made important achievements in the theory of modular representations of finite groups, particularly in the theory of block of characters and its application in the study of structures of finite simple groups and finite complex linear groups. He guided Dr. Zhang Jigping to solve completely the famous R.Brauer’s Problems 39 and 40 by making use of the representation theory and the classification theorem of finite simple groups. In the study of algebraic Lie groups, he achieved early results of basic significance in collaboration with C.Chevalley using the theory of Lie algerbra .In the theory of ρ-groups, he collaborated with Hua Luogeng and obtained a number of results. He made contributions in the application of the finite group theory to contributions in the application of the finite group theory to a military research institute.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

赵忠尧

1902.6 .27 ～1998.5.28

核物理学家。浙江诸暨人。1925年毕业于南京东南大学。1930年获美国加州理工学院哲学博士学位。1948年当选为中央研究院第一批院士。历任中国科学院近代物理研究所、原子能研究所、高能物理研究所研究员及副所长，兼中国科技大学教授及近代物理系主任。曾任中国物理学会副理事长、名誉理理事长，中国核学会副理事长、名誉理事长等职。主要从事核物理特别是硬γ射线与物质相互作用等方面得研究并取得突出成就，是中国核物理研究的开拓者。1929年独立地与欧洲学者同事最先观察到γ射线通过重物质时除康普顿散射和光电效应外的“反常吸收”。1930年首先发现“特殊辐射”。40年代发现“混合簇社”。50年代以来，在建造加速器、建设实验室、开创中国核科学事业和培养人才方面做出重要贡献。

1955 年选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Nuclear physicist. Born in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province.Graduated from Nanjing Dongnan University in 1925. Received Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology, USA in 1930.Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Research professor and deputy director, Institute of Atomic Energy, Institute of Contemporary Physics and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, director,Faculty of Contemporary Physics of the University of Science and Technology of China, and vice president and honorary president,Chinese Society of Physics, Chinese Society of Nuclear Physics,etc…

Zhao has been mainly engaged and has made outstanding achievements in the research on nuclear physics especially the interactions between hardγ–ray and medium, and was respected as the pioneer of nuclear physics study in China. In 1929, he and other two European groups first independently observed the “Anomalous Absorption” in addition to Compton scattering and photo-electronic effects, when hard γ-ray passes through heavy elements. He was the first to discover the“Additional Radiation” phenomena in 1930. In the 1940s,he disclosed the “Mixed Shower”. Since the 1950s,he made important contributions in establishing accelerators and laboratories, founding Chinese nuclear scientific research and training qualified personnel.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

饶毓泰

1891.12 .1 ～1968.10.16

物理学家。江西临川人。1913年赴美国留学，1922年获美国普林斯顿大学哲学博士学位。1948年当选为中央研究院院士。北京大学教授。中国现代物理学研究的先驱之一，也是国际上早期研究斯塔克效应的光谱学家之一。早年设计了新型低压电弧光源。30年代初在铷和铯原子光谱线得反斯塔克效应试验中，观测到他们的主线系的分裂和位移。40年代与合作者在分子光谱和原子结果研究方面获得重要成果，记录了难以分辨的C12和C13的转动光谱ω3，为研究同位素气体分子的震动—转动光谱开辟了途径。长期积极推动中国物理学的研究与教学工作，创建了南开大学物理系，为国家培养了大批优秀人才。

1955 年选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physicist. Born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province. Went to USA in 1913 and received Ph.D. from Princeton University, USA in 1922. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Professor ,Peking University,

Rap was one of the Pioneers of Chinese modern physics and also one of the spectroscpoists who first studied the Stark effect in the world. In his early years, he designed the new type of electric are light source. In the early 1930s,he observed the split and shift of the principle line series of Rb and Cs atoms in the experimental research on Anti-Stark effect. During the 1940s,together with his collaborators, he made important achievements in the research on molecular spectra and atomic structures and obtained the record of the rotational spectra of ωof C12and C13

3which are difficult to resolve, thus opening up a way for the study on the vibration-rotation spectra of isotopes gas molecule. He pushed forward the research and teaching of physics in China,established the Department of Physics in Nankai University and trained a lot of qualified personnel.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

施汝为

1901.11 .19 ～1983.1.18

物理学家。上海崇明人。1925年毕业于南京东吴大学。1934年获美国耶鲁大学物理学博士学位。中国科学院物理研究所研究员、所长、名誉所长。中国近代磁学研究与磁学教育的奠基人之一，在磁学和磁性材料等试验研究方面取得多项重要成果。早期研制了一种新仪器并用其测定了铁钴合金单晶的磁各向异性。在金属基本磁性研究、铝镍钴永磁合金热处理研究等方面作了大量工作，取得多项创见性成果。40年代前后对坡莫合计和磁铁矿晶体的磁畴粉纹图的研究，开创了中国的磁畴实验观测工作。

1955 年选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physicist. Born in Shanghai . Graduated from Najin g Dongwu University in 1925.Receieved Sc.D. from Yale University, USA in 1934.Research professor, director and honorary director, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

As one of the founders modern research and education of magnetism in China, Shi made many important achievements in the experimental research on magnetism and magnetic materials. He developed a new instrument and applied it to determine the magnetic anisotropism of iron-cobalt alloy single crystal in his early years. He did a vast amount of work in the research on metallic basic magnetism and heat treatment of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnetic alloy and obtained many creative achievements. Around the 1940s,he did research on magnetic domain powder pattern of permalloy and magnetite crystal and opened the experimental observation of magnetic domain in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.