新医改方案

学习提示：

近日，国务院公布了新医改方案，新方案历经三年酝酿、争论终于正式公布。回归公益，推行全民医保……，新医改突显不少新变化，着力解决“看病难、看病贵”问题，带动医药卫生体制全面改革。新方案一推出就引发各方热议，其能否突破医疗问题困境需要时间来证明，本期以“医改”为关键词，解析相关词汇。

全民医保

Universal Health Care

新医改意在逐步实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务，建立中国特色的医药卫生制度，于2020年实现全民医保。

例句：China's planned health-care reforms are in line with principles of the World Health Organization to provide equal access to universal health care, WHO head Margaret Chan said.

世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍表示中国的医疗改革计划与世界卫生组织倡导的人人享有全民医保的原则一致。

Universal health care is health-care coverage that is extended to all eligible residents of a governmental region and often covers medical, dental, and mental health care.

全民医保指一国行政区内所有合法居民均享有的医疗保健，通常覆盖医疗、牙齿以及精神健康保健。

公共服务

Public Service

新医改方案坚持政府主导，国家承担起全民基本医疗的责任，把基本医疗卫生制度纳入公共服务提供给全体公民，强化了政府责任与投入。

例句：The core principle of the health-care reform is to provide basic health care as a public service to the people, which strengthens government responsibility and requires much more government funding and supervision.

医疗改革的核心原则是将基本医疗卫生服务作为公共服务提供给民众，这将加强政府责任并要求更多的政府资金投入和监管。

Public services is a term usually used to mean services provided by government to its citizens, either directly (through the public sector) or by financing private provision of services, which is a social consensus that certain services should be available to all, regardless of income.

公共服务通常用来表示由政府提供给公民的服务，（通过公共部门）直接提供或者通过资助私人服务供给，其是一项社会共识，即无论收入为多少，某些服务都应为全体公众所享有。

加成

Mark-up

新医改方案将逐步取消15%的药品加成，解决中国药品、器械回扣问题，取消“以药养医”，实现“药品零差价”。

例句：The new health-care plan calls for limiting the mark-up that hospitals and drug distributors can charge, and tries to regulate the price difference between patent and generic drugs.

新医改方要求导限制医院和药商收取的药品加成利润，争取控制专利药和非专利药物之间的差价。

China is also floating a new policy for medical devices that would limit the amount a manufacturer can mark up a product's price.

中国正在计划实行针对医疗设备的新政策，限制生产商对某一产品的加价额度。

公立医院

Public Hospital

公立医院是新医改中的重点与难点，目前已推行试点转制部分公立医院为民营医院，支持民营资本办医等措施。

例句：Public, non-profit hospitals will continue to be dominant providers of medical services, while more priority will be given to the development of community health centers and clinics in cities and rural areas.

公立、非赢利性医院继续是医疗服务的主要提供者，但是城市及乡村地区的社区卫生中心和诊所将享受更多的优先权。

Patients will be encouraged to use more community health centers and clinics, while public hospitals in big cities will be asked to provide more support to small, local hospitals in terms of personnel, expertise and equipment.

政府鼓励病人多到社区医院和诊所就医，而大城市中的公立医院则需在人员、技能、设备方面进一步支持小型的地方医院。

手足口病

Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease

今春手足口疫情（HFMD）再度暴发，公共卫生的防疫体系的薄弱再次引发整个社会的关注，新医改如何解决基层疾控防疫体系的困境，实现“重治疗”向“重预防”的转变也是公众密切关注的问题。

例句：China's disease control and prevention systems need more professional medical staff, better infrastructure, and more funds. And a deficient disease control and prevention system in rural areas could become a big obstacle to check the spread of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

中国的疾病控制和预防体系需要更专业的医务人员、更好的医疗设施和更多的资金。农村地区不完善的疾病控制和预防体系是检测手足口病传染情况的巨大阻碍。

Strict disinfection measures can effectively prevent the transmission of HFMD within hospital.

严格的消毒隔离措施可有效地预防手足口病在医院内的传播。

活学活用

Eva: Hi, Tina, you know Guidelines on Deepening the Reform of the Health-care System has been issued, which had been debated for three years.

伊娃：嗨，蒂娜，你知道《深化医药卫生体制改革意见》已经公布了，方案讨论了三年之久。

Tina: Yeah, the health-care reform will alleviate the burden of medical costs, you know nowadays it is too difficult and expensive to see a doctor in China, especially for the poor.

蒂娜：是的，医疗改革将减轻中国人的医药负担，你知道现在中国看病难、看病贵，尤其是对穷人来说。

Eva: That's right; the cost of health care is one of the biggest concerns for poor or even middle-income Chinese, whose savings can easily be wiped out if a family member falls seriously ill. Meanwhile, the public is so angry about the open secret that doctors get kickbacks from drug manufacturers for prescribing their drugs, which helps drive the reform.

伊娃：对，医疗费用是中国穷人甚至中产阶级重大担忧之一，一个家人病重就能轻易花光家庭积蓄。与此同时，公众对医生通过使用某些制药商的药品而收取回扣这一公开的秘密感到愤怒，这推动了医疗改革。

Tina: Thus the new plan strengthens government responsibilities and provides more funding to make health services more effective and affordable.

蒂娜：因此这次新医改就加强了政府责任，提供更多资金使医疗服务更加有效、实惠。

Eva: Whatever, as the world's most populous country, it's still exciting that she will have a basic and universal health-care system.

伊娃：不管怎么样，作为世界人口最多的国家，中国将实现基本、全民医疗体系还是让人兴奋。