新目标英语八年级（下）Ｕｎｉｔ ９知识要点归纳总结

孙大英

【单词识记】

1. neither pron. （二者）都不

2. route n. 路线

3. requirement n. 要求；必要条件require v. 需要；要求；命令

4. guide n. 导游

5. film n. 电影

6. southeast n. 东南adj. 东南的

7. wonderful adj. 极好的 wonderfully adv. 极好地 have a wonderful time 过得愉快

8. holiday n. 假日；假期；节日

9. fear v. 害怕；担心

10. brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的bravely adv.勇敢地

11. excellent adj. 卓越的；极好的

12. Indian adj. 印度的；印度人；印第安的；印第安人India n. 印度

13. dark n. 黄昏；黑暗

14. awake adj. 醒着的

15. fox n. 狐狸

16. natural adj. 自然的；自然界的 nature n. 自然

17. environment n. 环境

18. temperature n. 温度

19. whenever conj. 无论何时

20. spring n. 春天

21. autumn n. 秋天

22. season n. 季节

【短语小结】

1. have a great time 玩得愉快

2. Mickey Mouse 米老鼠

3. Donald Duck 唐老鸭

4. roller coaster 过山车

5. on board 在船上

6. end up 结束

7. exchange student 交换生

8. three quarters 四分之三

9. Night Safari （新加坡）夜间野生动物园

10. all year round 一年到头；终年

11. space museum 太空博物馆

12. amusement park 游乐场

13. water park 水上乐园

14. hear of 听说

15. around / all over the world 全世界

16. in Southeast Asia 在东南亚

【句子运用】

1. Most of us have probably heard of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck ... Perhaps we have even seen them in movies.

maybe, perhaps 与probably 的用法区别：

maybe 意为“也许；大概”，口语中很常见，但没有perhaps 正式。例如：

Maybe you put the letter in your bag. 也许你把信放在你的包里了。

Maybe he will help me. 也许他会帮助我。

perhaps 意为“或许”，表示说话人对当前的事有疑问，不肯定。例如：

Perhaps it will rain in the afternoon. 也许下午会下雨。

Perhaps I can see him tomorrow, but Im not sure. 或许我明天能见到他，不过我还不能肯定。

probably 意为“很可能地；大概地”。说话人对某事的发生有相当把握时用probably。例如：

She is very ill and will probably die. 她病得很重，命可能保不住了。

2. The boats take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.

end up 意为“结束；最后成为/处于”。例如： How does the story end up? 这个故事是怎么结尾的？

We set off for Newcastle but ended up in Scotland. 我们动身去纽卡斯尔，可后来却去了苏格兰。

3. It was because I could speak English that I got the job.

这是个强调句，强调的是原因状语because I could speak English。强调句的结构形式为“It is / was + 被强调成分+that/who 从句”。被强调的成分可以是除谓语和表语之外的任何句子成分。假设有这样一句话：We held a class meeting in the classroom yesterday. 我们可以用下面四个句子来分别强调句中的主语、宾语、地点状语和时间状语。

It was we who held a class meeting in the classroom yesterday. （强调主语we）

It was a class meeting that we held in the classroom yesterday. （强调宾语a class meeting）

It was in the classroom that we held a class meeting yesterday. （强调地点状语in the classroom）

It was yesterday that we held a class meeting in the classroom. （强调时间状语yesterday）

4. I want to travel, especially to English-speaking countries such as the United States and Australia.

such as 与for example用法区别：

两者都意为“例如”。for example 一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语。例如：

His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example. 他的拼写太糟糕了！看看吧，比如这个单词。

such as 用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子。注意such as后面不可用逗号隔开。例如： She likes drinks, such as tea and coffee. 她喜欢喝饮料，例如茶和咖啡。

English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on. 许多国家都讲英语，例如澳大利亚，加拿大等。

5. My English writing is good, but I need to improve my listening skills.

improve 意为“提高；改进；改善”，用作及物动词。例如：

It will help to improve your speaking. 这会帮助提高你的口语能力。

If the company refuses to improve its pay offer, we shall go on strike. 如果公司拒绝改进工资方案，我们就举行罢工。

6. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese, ...

英语中，分数由基数词和序数词构成。分子为基数词，分母为序数词。分子是1时，分母用单数形式；分子大于1时，分母用复数形式，即在序数词词尾加-s，基数词和序数词之间的连字符可省略。如：one-fourth 或one quarter （四分之一）；two-thirds（三分之二）；five-twelfths （十二分之五）。

population 意为“人口”，是个集体名词。population 用作主语时，如果说话人意在强调整体意义，则谓语动词为单数形式；如果强调个体，则谓语动词常为复数形式。例如：

The population of the country is growing rapidly. 这个国家的人口数在迅速增长。（强调整体）

Two thirds of the population of the country are farmers. 这个国家三分之二的人口是农民。（强调个体）

注意：1) 指人口“多”或“少”时，要用形容词large 或small修饰population，而不用many或few。试译：这个村的人口比那个村的（人口）少。

【误】The population of this village is fewer than that of that village.

【正】The population of this village is smaller than that of that village.

2) 询问“有多少人口”时，用疑问词what提问，而不用how many 或how much提问。试译：伦敦有多少人口？

【误】How much / many is the population of London?

【正】What is the population of London?