Ｕｎｉｔｓ９—１２词语辨析

1.比较辨析：add, add to, increase与raise

①add：to put something with another thing or a group of things eg:

When the sauce is thick, add the cheese.

②add to something：to make something such as a feeling or a quality greater. eg:

The arrival of five more guests only added to the confusion.

The sight of his children who did not even know their mother had died added to his grief.

看见孩子们，他们还不知道母亲已经去世，他感到更加悲痛。

③increase：vi. to become larger in amount or number eg:

Our costs increased dramatically over the last decade.

Their output has increased by three times in a period of six months.

他们的产量在半年当中增加了三倍。

vt. to make something become larger in amount or number

We have managed to increase the number of patients treated.

Sunbathing increases your risk of getting skin cancer.

④raise：vt. to increase in number, amount, or leveleg:

The money could be found by raising income tax by two percent.

They had raised their prices to unreasonable levels.

vt. to improve the quality or standard of something

The aim is to modernize production methods and raise safety standards.

2.比较辨析：feed on, live on, rely on

①feed on（动物）以……为饲料 (if an animal feeds on a particular food, it usually eats that food)eg:

Owls feed on mice and other small animals.

猫头鹰以老鼠和其它小动物为食。

Cows feed on grass. 牛以草为食。

②live on靠……生活，以……为主食 (to have a particular amount of money to buy food and other necessary things；to eat a lot of a particular type of food)eg:

I dont know how they manage to live on $ 55 a week.

They live on bread and potatoes.

He practically lives on fish and chips!

He lives on fish and potatoes. 他靠吃鱼和土豆生存。

③rely on/upon依靠 (to trust or depend on someone or something to do what you need or expect them to do)eg:

I knew I could rely on David.

Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.

Most students rely on their parents to support them financially.

Many people now rely on the Internet for news.

We must rely on our own efforts. 我们必须依靠自己的努力。

3.比较辨析：remind, remember, recall, call up

①remind指某人或某事使主人公“联想起”另外的人或事，后能接人作宾语。

②remember主要表示还记得、记住了过去发生的事情，指事物自然在脑海中出现。与can连用时，其所接宾语和意义与recall 基本一致。eg:

I cant remember her exact words.

I remember you two couldnt stand each other at first!

I remember my father bringing home a huge Christmas tree.

③recall指有意识的回忆、回想，强调其动作包含有意识的努力或意志，常与can连用。eg:

I seem to recall Ive met him before somewhere.

I dont recall seeing any cars parked outside.

I cant recall who gave me the information.

④call up使人回忆起某事，后面一般跟回忆起的内容作宾语。eg:

These are stories that call up old times. 这是些使人怀旧的故事。

4.比较辨析：suggestion, advice, proposal与opinion

suggestion：“建议”或“意见”，比advice较委婉客气，特指为了改进或解决问题而提出的办法，常有“不一定正确，提出供对方参考”之意。

advice：an opinion you give someone about what they should do

着重提意见的人比对方有更多的知识经验。可用于医生给患者的“劝告”，老者讲给新手的“经验之谈”，老师对学生的“忠告”等，目的是为了帮助别人而提出的“意见”。eg:

Theres lots of advice in the book on baby care.

opinion：your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject指对一般事物的“意见”、“看法”。eg:

Its a terrible shame, in my opinion, that the building was knocked down.

proposal：a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group. 正式提出的“建议”。eg:

The governments proposals for regulation of the industry have just been made.

填空：

The two women had very different ____ about drugs.

The French government has approved ____ for a new waste law.

Could you give me some ____ about buying a home?

Keys:opinions, proposals, advice

5.比较辨析：desire，hope与wish

desire与hope均指可以实现的事情，但desire表示“热切的希望”、“强烈的愿望”，语气较强；wish多指难以实现的愿望。

Hes very late, but we still ____ he will come.

他迟迟未到，但我们依然希望他会来。

We always ____ to live in peace with our neighbours.

我们总是希望与邻居和睦相处。

We ____ each other the best of luck in the examination.

(1991全国)但愿我们在考试中都有好运气。

Keys:desire, hope, wish

6.比较辨析：power, force与strength

它们都含有“力、力量”的意思。

power重“权力、能力”；force重“武力、暴力”；strength重“体力”。

He did it with a great force. 他用了很大的力才把它做完了。

She didnt even have the strength to stand up.

她甚至连站起来的力气也没有了。

She lost her power of speech. 她失去了说话的能力。

In the end he had to be thrown out of the house by force.

最后他被用暴力赶出了那个房子。