高中二册Ｕｎｉｔ１８测试题

任贵敏

第一部分： 听力略（共30分）

第二部分：英语知识运用

Ⅰ.单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)

1. No matter what we do in our everyday life, we should first ____ peoples safety and health.

A. allow for B. turn to C. stick to D. refer to

2. When you ____ in your work, dont hesitate to turn to the local

villagers for help in order to go on with your work.

A. get stuck B. get lost C. are absorbed D. fall down

3. Winter coming on, you should put on more clothes, ____ you will catch a cold.

A. otherwise B. instead C. unless D. generally

4. His father and mother care for him very much, but he isnt ____ of it.

A. clear B. aware C. informed D. reminded

5. Dont get angry with me any longer; ____ I pointed out your mis- takes for the interest of you.

A. above all B. after all C. or rather D. in general

6. His winning such a great award is ____; it is the result of a long time of unknown hard work.

A. no wonder B. no accident C. no doubt D. no problem

7. Are there any new ideas ____ at the conference?

A. come up with B. being come up

C. coming up D. coming up with

8. The criminal ____ the two policemen who were holding him.

A. broke into B. broke away from

C. broke through D. broke down

9. A man is being questioned in relation to the ____ murder last night.

A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted

10. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out

11. His ____ look suggested that he would do it because it would be an ____ experience.

A. determining; interesting B. determining; interested

C. determined; interesting D. determined; interested

12. What a table!Ive never seen such a thing before. It is ____ it is long.

A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as

C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half

13. Though he was in trouble, he ____ an offer of help from his enemy.

A. rejects B. rejected to

C. rejected D. had rejected to

14. The reason ____ Im phoning you is ____ I want to tell you about a party on Saturday.

A. why; because B. for; that C. that; that D. why; that

15. He got to the station early, ____ missing his train.

A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of

Ⅱ.单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

1. Those scientists come from different cultures and have different b____.

2. The teacher made me a____ of the significance of hard study.

3. Her furniture is in ____(储存) while she finds a new house.

4. Our p____ knowledge helps us solve new problems we often meet with in life.

5. After a truck passes through a road, the road will often be d____.

6. The ____(审判) of the murder case lasted a fortnight.

7. P____ is a piece of paper from a government giving someone the right to make or sell a new invention for a certain number of years.

8. She chose the good apples and ____(拒绝，不要) the bad ones.

9. We call a person who works in a government office an o____ or o____.

10. The remarkable thing about the cloth is that it is ____(看不见的).

Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)

How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; __1__, the origin of language is mystery. All we really know is that men, __2__ animals, somehow __3__ certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions, and things, __4__ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed __5__ certain signs, __6__ letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and __7__ could be written down. These sounds, __8__ spoken, or written in letters we call words. The __9__ of words, then, lies in their associations—the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with __10__ for us by experience. __11__ we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our __12__; and the more we read and learn, the more __13__ words that mean something to us increases. Great writers are those __14__ not only have great thoughts but also __15__ these thoughts in words which appeal powerful to our minds and motions. This charming and telling use of words is __16__ we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is master of __17__. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can __18__ men to tears. We should therefore learn to __19__ our words carefully and use them accurately, __20__ they will make our speech silly and vulgar(粗俗的).

1. A. in other words B. word for word

C. in a word D. in word

2. A. unlike B. like C. as D. with

3. A. discovered B. found C. created D. invented

4. A. unless B. so that C. as if D. in case

5. A. to B. with C. upon D. at

6. A. formed B. spoken C. written D. called

7. A. what B. which C. whom D. as

8. A. whether B. neither C. either D. if

9. A. energy B. force C. power D. strength

10. A. sounds B. pronunciation C. structure D. meanings

11. A. The longer B. Long C. Longer D. The long

12. A. past B. present C. now D. future

13. A. a number of B. the number of C. the number D. numbers of

14. A. who B. that C. what D. they

15. A. say B. write C. explain D. express

16. A. what B. how C. why D. which

17. A. thoughts B. himself C. words D. poems

18. A. move B. let C. get D. make

19. A. elect B. select C. decide D. choose

20. A. or B. and C. so D. but

Ⅳ.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

(A)

In Googles vision of the future, people will be able to translate documents instantly into the worlds main languages, with machine logic, not expert linguists, leading the way.

Googles approach, called statistical(统计的) machine translation, differs from past efforts in which it does without language experts who program grammatical rules and dictionaries into computers. Instead, they feed documents humans have already translated into two languages and then rely on computers to decide patterns for future translations.

While the quality is not perfect, it is an improvement on previous efforts at machine translation, said Franz Och, 35, a German who heads Googles translation effort at its Mountain View headquarters south of San Francisco. “Some people who have been in machine translations for a long time see our Arabic-English output, and then they say, thats amazing, thats a breakthrough,” said Och. “And then other people who have never seen what machine translation was read through the sentence and they say, the first mistake here in Line Five—it doesnt seem to work because there is a mistake there.”

But for some tasks, a mostly correct translation may be good enough. Speaking over lunch this week in a Google cafeteria famed for offering free, healthy food, Och showed a translation of an Arabic Web news site into easily digestible English.

Two Google workers speaking Russian at a nearby table said, however, that a translation of a news site from English into their native tongue was understandable but a bit awkward. Och, who speaks German, English and some Italian, feeds hundreds of millions of words from parallel texts such as Arabic and English into the computer, using United Nations and European Union documents as key sources.

Languages without considerable translated texts, such as some African languages, face greater obstacles. “The more data we feed into the system, the better it gets,” said Och, who moved to the United States from Germany in 2002.

The program applies statistical analysis, an approach he hopes will avoid diplomatic embarrassing mistakes in diplomatic situations, such as when Russian leader Putins translator annoyed then German Chancellor(总理) Gerhard Schroeder by calling him the German “Fuhrer (leader in English),” which is forbidden in that context because of its association with Adolf Hitler.

“I would hope that the language model would say, well, Schroeder is…very rare but Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schroeder is probably 100 times more frequent than Fuhrer and then it would make the right decision,” Och said.

1. What is the best title of this passage? ____.

A. Google Seeks World of Instant Translations.

B. Google Starts a Revolution of Machine Translations.

C. A Breakthrough Makes Google World Brighter.

D. Surf Google and Try the New Computer System.

2. In what way is “Googles machine translation” different from

previous ones? ____.

A. Linguists guide the computer translation on Google

B. International official papers are programmed as its major sources

C. Rules and dictionaries are fed into computers to support it

D. Google daily updates the program of this computer translation

3. Why are there more troubles in translations relating to African

languages? ____.

A. Most of the translated materials are not properly translated

B. Experts managing the program know poorly of African languages

C. Its hard to find enough materials of African translation works

D. The UN and EU fail to provide translated African documents

4. Statistical analysis in this passage is conducted by ____.

A. counting how frequently a word is used in the language

B. hiring people who speak different languages

C. using the computer with its own grammatical rules

D. reminding users of the likely embarrassing mistakes

(B)

You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent. Its just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention.

Once inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they dont let them slip away. For example, the inventor of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke. She decided that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself.

Like Cochranes, most inventions are created to solve a problem. So, the first and most important step is to find the problem. You can start by looking at what is wrong with things you use now. You can ask grandparents or neighbors if they remember ever saying: “I wish someone would invent something for…” Or you can look at people in different areas, such as on the street, or at school. Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement. Remember to record your ideas and work. This will help you develop your invention and protect it when it is completed.

The next step is to think about possible solutions. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of many, varied, and unusual ways. You can often come up with a solution for a problem by looking at it from a different angle(角度) or thinking about it in a new way.

After all, most inventions are not brand new. They do not come out of nowhere, but come out of things or ideas that already exist. And the hardest part of inventing, even for a lot of inventors, is coming up with a problem and finding a solution. Once you have an idea, you can always get help building your invention.

1. The writer mainly wants to tell us ____.

A. how to improve the world around us

B. that we can invent and how we will be able to do so

C. a special problem-solving technique

D. how Josephine Cochrane invented the dishwasher

2. What makes inventors different from other people is probably that ____.

A. they consider every new idea as an invention

B. they are full of creative ideas

C. they enjoy solving problems

D. they look for problems and try to solve them in a new and

better way

3. What made Josephine Cochrane decide to invent the dishwasher? ____.

A. Her love of parties

B. Her dislike of dishwashing

C. Her desire for something that could do the dishwashing better

D. Her love of inventing

4. Which of the following is one of the ways to find a problem? ____.

A. Look at the world from a different angle

B. Find out things that people are not satisfied with

C. Try your best to do experiments well

D. Never let a practical idea slip away

(C)

You may never heard of Ladislao Biro, but you have certainly heard of the pen he invented—the ballpoint pen, or biro. Before Biro invented his pen, people wrote with fountain pens. The ink smudged and blotted and the pens sometimes leaked. In the 1930s Biro was a magazine editor in Budapest in Hungary. He noticed that the inks which the magazines printers used dried very quickly. Biro wondered if quick-drying inks could be used in pens. He came up with the idea of a tube of ink with a free-moving ball on the end. As a person wrote, the ball collected ink from the tube and rolled it on to the paper. The pen would be cheap and could be thrown away when the ink ran out.

Biro began to work on his invention but before he could patent it the Second World War broke out. Biro left war-torn Europe and fled to Buenos Aires in Argentina. There, he and his brother Georg, who was a chemist, began to improve the pen. In the early 1940s Biro began to manufacture his new pen, the biro. In 1944, he sold his invention to another company, which began to mass-produce the pen for the British and American armed forces.

Biro was pleased that his pen was popular, but he did not gain much from his invention. The biro was later sold to the French firm, Biro, who now sell twelve million pens a day. Biro sank into obscurity in South America. His name, however, has become a household word.

1. The reasons for the popularity of ballpoint pens are these EXCEPT that ____.

A． the inks dried very quickly B. they were cheap

C. they were easy to carry around D. they were mass-produced

2. Which of the following is the correct order of the events that

happen to Biro? ____.

a. applies for patent for first ballpoint pen

b. begins to manufacture pens

c. flees from Hungary to escape Nazis

d. sells invention

A. acdb B. cdab C. acbd D. cabd

3. The underlined part “sank into obscurity” (last paragraph) is closest in meaning to ____.

A. became unknown to many people

B. became popular with people

C. lost interest in business

D. a lot of money

(D)

Michael, a typical(典型的) American, stays at home on workdays. He plugs into his personal computer terminal(接线端) in order to connect with the office. After work, he puts on his headphones, watches a movie on his home video recorder, or plays baseball on the computer. On many days, Michael doesnt talk to any other human beings, and he doesnt see any people except the ones on television. Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible. The inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.

The world of business is one area in which technology is isolating(使隔离) us. Experts say, for example, that many people will soon be able to work at home. With access to a large central computer, employees such as office clerks, insurance agents, and accountants could do their jobs at display terminals in their own homes. They would never have to actually see the people theyre dealing with. In addition, the way employees are paid will change. Workers salaries will be automatically paid into their bank accounts(帐户), making paper checks(支票) unnecessary. No workers will stand in line to receive their pay or cash their checks. Personal banking will change, too. Customers will deal with machines to put in or take out money from their accounts.

Another area that technology is changing is entertainment. Music, for instance, was once a group experience. People listened to music at concert halls or in small social gatherings. For many people now, however, music is an individual experience. Walking along the street or sitting in their living rooms, they wear headphones to build a wall of music around them. Movie entertainment is changing, too. Movies used to be social events. Now, fewer people are going out to see a movie. Many more are choosing to wait for a film to appear on television or are borrowing videotapes to watch at home. Instead of laughing with others, viewers watch movies in their own living rooms.

1. After work, Michael likes to ____.

A． listen to music at the concert hall

B． watch a movie in his living room

C． run a program on his computer in his office

D． play baseball with his workmates

2. The sentence “Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very

possible” means ____.

A． Michael is a person full of imagination and he can make his dreams come true

B． Michael is not a real person but probably the lifestyle does exist C． Michael has ambitions but he cant make his dreams come true

D． Michael is a person full of imagination and his lifestyle is

common nowadays

3. What will the author most probably discuss after the last paragraph? ____.

A． Games and sports B． Personal banking

C． Music and films D． International business

4. What is the main idea of the passage? ____.

A． We may no longer need to communicate with other human beings

B． Modern technology seems to be separating human beings

C． We may no longer need to work in the office

D． Modern technology makes it possible for us to work and entertain ourselves at home

Ⅴ.阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

阅读下面的短文，完成文章的题目

Todays teen consumer market is the most profitable it has ever been. Even though 65% of teens claim that they rely on themselves for their fashion ideas, it is estimated that less than 20% of the teen population is innovative(创新的) enough to drive fashion trends, according to a recent study by a marketing firm. Marketers recognize this fact and often use elements of youth culture to promote their products. Perhaps one of the best examples is their use of hip-hop culture. It is reported that hip-hop fashion alone generates $750 million to $1 billion every year. Sales of rap music(打击乐) and videos each exceed that amount.

Raps rise and sustained global popularity is a good example of how influential youth culture is on youth attitudes and behavior. Remember when Madonna hit the charts with her bra(乳罩) in full view while singing about “virginity(处女)”? Soon after that, young girls around the world _______________.

Fashion designer Tommy Hilfiger was fully aware of the power of youth culture. He marketed his brand by giving clothes to famous MTV stars and featuring teen stars in his print ads. Picking up on teens interest in computer games, Hilfiger started a Nintendo competition and installed Nintendo terminals(终端) in his stores. The payoff? Teens rated Hilfiger jeans(牛仔裤) as their number one brand in a survey in 2000.

1. Whats the best title of this passage?(Please answer within 10 words.)

____________________

2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

He promoted his clothes by giving them to some well-known stars.

____________________

3. Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 15 words.)

____________________

4. Can you try to list some of the power of youth culture? (Please answer within 30 words.)

____________________

5. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.

____________________

Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)

你所在的班级要开科技周班会,每人准备发言,请根据下面的图用英文写一段话,向同学们介绍Heron发明的水钟(water clock).

提示:

1.水钟有三个部分(the two tanks and a cylinder)。

2.水钟是如何计时的:

(1)第一水槽的水滴入第二水槽；

(2)第二水槽的水位(water level)随之升高；

(3)第二水槽中的漂浮物随着水位升高而升高；

(4)漂浮物上的箭头随着水位升高而指向圆柱体上的不同数字(从1到12)；

(5)指针从1到12，针上数字移动一格即为1小时。

注意：

1.看懂图很重要。

2.应包括所有要点。

3.词数 100—120左右。

4.生词：漂浮物： floating subject;箭头：arrow; 杆，棍：pole;

出水口：opening; 圆柱体：cylinder

Key(4)