生存的勇气

活着，就是一种幸运。人在经历了生离死别之后，或许更能体会到生存的可贵。

这一期，特别选取了两段这样对白：一个是身处太空布置能否安全返回地面的宇航员，一个是战争中出色的狙击手，或许从他们的话中，我们能体会到生存中更深层的意义吧！

● Apollo 13 阿波罗13号

1970年4月，太空船阿波罗13号正在执行登陆月球的任务，但控制中心忽然接获太空船在20.5万千里外传来的讯息——“休斯敦，我们出问题了！”这句话如洪水般扰乱了中心内所有科学家和工程师们的心，这是他们最不愿听到的消息。太空船已快接近月球了，然而在外太空中的一场爆炸，导致阿波罗13号失去氧气、动力还有导向功能。这一瞬间，三位太空人吉姆·洛维尔、佛瑞·德汉斯、杰克·史威吉特要面对前所未有的考验，他们必须把握仅有的4天时间重返地球，每分每秒对他们来说都显得弥足珍贵，除接受控制中心的指引外，其他的一切都得靠他们自己，他们不愿抛下妻儿成太空中的孤魂，勇气、信心及毅力支持着他们奋斗下去。

阿波罗13号受困于太空中，电视台播放了一段吉姆出发之前的访谈节目。在节目中，吉姆阐述了自己对飞行和恐惧的体会。

Announcer: Apollo 13 commander Jim Lovell has more time in space almost 24 days already,than any other man,and I asked him recently if he ever was scared.

Jim: Ive had an engine flame out a few times in an aircraft and was curious as to whether it was going to light up again. But, uh, they seem to work out.

Announcer: Is there an instance in an airplane emergency when you can recall fear?

Jim: Un, well, I remember this one time Im in a Banshee at night in combat conditions,so theres no running lights on the carrier. It was the Shangri-la, and we were in the Sea of Japan. My radar had jammed, and my homing signal was gone,because somebody in Japan was actually using the same frequency and so it was leading me away from where I was supposed to be. Im looking down at a big, black ocean, so I flip on my map light. Then,suddenly, zap, everything shorts out right there in my cockpit. All my instruments are gone. My lights are gone,and I cant even tell what my altitude is. I know Im running out of fuel,so Im thinking about ditching into the ocean. I look down there and then,in the darkness, theres this, uh, theres this green trail. Its like a long carpet thats just laid out right beneath me. It was the algae. It was that phosphorescent stuff that gets churned up in the wake of a big ship. And it was, it was, it was just leading me home. If my cockpit lights hadnt shorted out, theres no way Id have ever been able to see that. So,uh,you,uh,you never know what,what events are going to transpire to get you home.

播音员：吉姆·洛维尔上过太空24天，比其他任何人都有经验，我问他是否会害怕。

吉姆：我碰到过引擎着火，气候恶劣，不过都能逢凶化吉。

播音员：哪次紧急状况令你感到恐惧？

吉姆：嗯，有次开战斗机航空母舰没有灯，在日本海上雷达坏了。导航频率竟然被人占用，把我引往反方向。我看着下面黑暗的大海，打开小灯，啪，机舱全熄，仪表板警示灯熄灭，高度不清。我知道快没油了，所以想在海上迫降。我看到海平面上有绿线，就像地毯一样铺在海上的海藻。大船开过浮上来的发光海藻，它就指引我回到航空母舰。机舱灯不熄我就看不到海藻。总是能有办法安全回家的。

平安回到地面后，这几位航空员受到了人们的热烈欢迎。在接受大家欢迎的同时，吉姆交代了每个人的去向和对帮助过他们的人的感谢。

Jim: Our mission was called a successful failure in that we returned safely,but never made it to the moon. In the following months, it was determined that a damaged coil built inside the oxygen tank sparked during our cryo stir and caused the explosion that crippled the Odyssey. I was a minor defect that occurred two years before I was named the flights commander. Fred Haise was going back to the moon on Apollo 18, but his mission was canceled because of budget cuts. He never flew in space again. Nor did Jack Swigert,who left the astronaut corps and was elected to Congress from the state of Colorado. But he died of cancer before he was able to take office. Ken Mattingly orbited the moon as command module pilot of Apollo 16,and flew the space shuttle, having never gotten the measles. Gene Kranz retired as Director of Flight Operations just not long ago. And many other members of Mission Control have gone on to other things, and some were still there. And for me, the seven extraordinary days of Apollo 13 were my last in space. I watched other man walk on the moon and return safely, all from the confines of Mission Control and our house in Houston. I sometimes catch myself looking up at the moon,remembering the changes of fortune in our long voyage,thinking of the thousands of people who worked to bring the three of us home. I look up at the moon and wonder when will we be going back and who will that be?

吉姆：我们的任务被称为成功的失败。安全回家但没有登陆月球，后来发现是氧气槽的电线受损，在摇晃时爆炸，损坏太空船。这是两年前的小缺陷。弗列要坐阿波罗18登陆月球，但是最终应为预算裁减而取消任务，他从此没再上太空。杰克也是一样，后来他被选上科罗拉多参议员，但在上任前就因癌症去世了。肯迈丁利指挥阿波罗16环绕月球，他也驾驶过太空船，从来没得过麻疹。金尼不久前退休了。控制中心的成员有些还在岗位。而我，阿波罗13上惊人的七天，是我最后一次上太空。我看着别人到月球漫步平安回来，都是从控制中心或家中观看的。我有时看着月亮，想起这次飞行，想到许多人努力帮我们回家。我看着月球想，我们何时回去，又会是谁呢？

● Enemy at the Gates兵临城下

瓦西里·泽索夫是乌拉尔山区的牧羊人，多年的放牧生活练就了瓦西里的好枪法，伏尔加格勒保卫战打响后，瓦西里应征入伍。他一枪毙敌的绝招在不到十天的战斗里就狙杀了40多名德国兵，一时间“瓦氏神枪，弹无虚发”的神话传遍整个战场。然而在之后的几天，苏军的狙击兵也连连被人枪杀，对方同样只使用一发子弹。真正的对手来了！

瓦西里见到了美丽的女狙击手塔妮娅后，两个人在营地的晚会上聊起了生存的话题。

Vassili: All these people here know theyre gonna die. So each night when they make it back,its a bonus. [Coughing]

Tania: Excuse me. [Laughs]

Vassili: So, every cup of tea, every cigarette, becomes a little celebration. Because for a lot of us, it may be our last night. Its just something you have to accept here. Everyone has their time. In the forest, the wolf lives for three years, the donkey for nine.

Tania: So, thats—thats got to be a proverb from the Urals. It makes no sense to me whatsoever.

Vassili: The donkey lives longer because hes more useful. Makes absolute sense.

Tania: There arent any donkeys in the forest. You made it up. So, Im a donkey?

Vassili: People like you and Danilov... have to survive this. People who have read books,had an education. Well need you when the war is over.

Tania: And if you survive? What will the useless Vassili Zaitsev do then?

Vassili: I wanna work in a factory. My granddad took me to a factory once. There was this man there,high up on a-on a foot walk. He wasnt wearing blue like the others.The people he was supervising didnt understand what they were doing. But for him,for him up there,it was simple, it was clear. And I thought,“one day,I could be that man. I can be the man.” Sad to have a dream you know wont happen.

Tania: Why shouldnt it? Youll outlive us all. Youll be the oldest donkey in the forest.

瓦西里：这些人知道他们都会死，因此他们每天晚上都如此。那些奖励……[咳嗽]

塔妮娅：抱歉。[笑]

瓦西里：那么，每一杯茶，每一根雪茄，都是一次小小的庆祝。因为对我们来说，它都可能是最后一次。有些事情不得不接受，人人都有他们自己的时间。在森林里，狼能生活3年，而驴子则可以呆9年。

塔妮娅：这可能是居乌俄拉谚语吧。但他对我来说，什么都不是。

瓦西里：驴子活得久些，因为它有用，这是绝对的。

塔妮娅：不是任何驴子都活在森林里的。你瞎编的！那我是驴子吗？

瓦西里：像你和达尼洛夫这样的人，应该生存下去。你们知书达理，受过高等教育，战争结束后，国家需要你们。

塔妮娅：要是你幸存了呢？亚西里·扎伊采夫到那时就没用了吗？

瓦西里：我会去工厂工作。我爷爷带我去过工厂，那里有很多人，站得高高的，在天桥上面。他不像别人一样身穿蓝色制服，他是一个管理人员。我不明白他们在做些什么全是因为他。就这么简单，再清楚不过了，我在想，“有一天我也要站在上面。我要成为那个人。我要成为他。”可惜这只是个梦，不会发生的。

塔妮娅：干吗这样说。你不会有事的，你会是森林里最老的驴子。