Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基础训练

单词填空 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. From the girl’s look， we could see the noise made by the enemy her. （terrify）

2. The lab has recently been updated to allow for more courses in .（advance）

3. He is to defending the villagers. But it is an open question how long that can last. （commit）

4. Oil painting is to be at a distance. I have now developed an of it.（appreciate）

5. I can find out whether my to an event are reasonable enough by reading abouthow others on the Internet. （react）

6. is a disease of modern society. There are those， you know， who are for power. （greed）

单句表达 根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 现在的电子计算机是由五个部件组成的。（consist of）

2. 他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧。（expose... to...）

3. 毫无疑问，我们能把这项工程设计出来。（There’s no doubt that...）

4. 尽管价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。（although引导让步状语从句）

5. Johnson医生和我一直在试图增强他的体质。（have been doing）

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型，造句并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

react survive bring... under control wipe out It is crucial to...

It is estimated that... I inferred that it was... Only in this way can we...

能力提升

阅读理解

A

Every autumn， polar bears living along the edge of the Canada’s Western Hudson Bay passthrough the sub-Arctic town of Churchill， Manitoba. The yearly movement has helped make thearea’s bears one of the most studied groups in the world. Bear-watching adds about $5.3 million tothe local economy each year. But a new report suggests Hudson Bay polar bear population hasdropped quickly during the past years.

Polar bears depend on frozen salt water， called sea ice， to help them hunt seals for food. Butthe Arctic is now warming about four times faster than the rest of the world. Around Hudson Bay，seasonal sea ice is melting earlier in spring， and forming later in fall. This is forcing bears to golonger periods without food.

John Whiteman， chief research scientist at the non-profit conservation group Polar BearsInternational said， “If continued sea ice loss cannot be stopped， it will one dayf13b744c9bb561adc05fb6e7c25647745ac9e437fcdeab186b05c7d2d2c08261 lead to a total loss ofthe area’s polar bear population. Climate-caused changes affecting the local sea population mightalso be driving polar bear numbers down. If worldwide carbon emissions are not heavily reduced，most of the world’s polar bear populations will have been in danger of collapsing by 2100.”

The number of deaths in young bears and female bears in Western Hudson Bay is worrisome.“Being one of the southernmost populations， those Western Hudson Bay polar bears are the types ofbears we’ve always predicted would be affected by changes in the environment，” said StephenAtkinson， a lead writer of the government report who has studied polar bear populations for morethan 30 years. Young bears need energy to grow and cannot survive long periods without enoughfood. Female bears struggle because they use up a lot of energy searching for food while caring foryoung bears. “The ability of polar bears in the Western Hudson Bay to reproduce will decrease，because fewer young bears survive and become adults，” said Atkinson.

1. Why does the author mention the yearly movement of Hudson Bay polar bears？

A. To show economic benefits it brings. B. To introduce the topic of the text.

C. To call for protection of polar bears. D. To attract more visitors there.

2. What has caused the decline in polar bear population according to Paragraph 2？

A. Less access to food. B. Longer time of sea ice.

C. Sea pollution. D. Lower temperatures.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us？

A. The efforts to protect polar bears. B. The number of deaths in polar bears.

C. The fact that polar bears are dying out. D. The danger faced by polar bears.

4. How does the author feel about the future of the polar bears？

A. Relieved. B. Satisfied. C. Concerned. D. Optimistic.

B

The United States space agency， NASA， said its Mars exploration vehicle had recorded a highlevel of methane （甲烷） gas on the planet. The discovery was exciting because the presence ofmethane gas could support the case for life on Mars.

In 2019， NASA’s Curiosity vehicle recorded the largest level of methane ever measured duringits seven-year Mars mission. Methane has no color or smell. A special instrument on Curiosity’sMan Science Laboratory recorded the increased gas level. The device measures levels of chemicalelements and gases in the Martian atmosphere. In addition to methane， the instrument can recordlevels of water and carbon dioxide.

Nearly all the methane gas found in Earth’s atmosphere is produced by living things. It usuallycomes from animal and plant life. But it can also be formed by geological （地质的） processes， suchas interactions between rocks and water. It was not the first time Curiosity had found methane gas inthe Martian atmosphere. However， NASA said the measured methane gas level in 2019 was clearlylarger than any others observed in the past. “It’s exciting because microbial （微生物的） life is animportant source of methane on Earth，” NASA said in a statement announcing the discovery.

However， Curiosity’s team carried out a follow-up methane experiment that showed a sharpdrop in levels of the gas. That number was “close to the background levels Curiosity sees all thetime，” NASA said. The rise and fall of the methane gas levels left NASA scientists with morequestions than answers.

“The methane mystery continues，” said Ashwin Vasavada—Curiosity’s project scientist，“we’re more motivated than ever to keep measuring and put our brains together to figure out howmethane behaves in the Martian atmosphere.”

5. What is the function of the device on Curiosity’s Man Science Laboratory？

A. Forming methane gas. B. Recognizing harmful gases.

C. Collecting water and carbon dioxide. D. Surveying levels of elements and gases.

6. What can we know about methane according to Paragraph 3？

A. It is a must to living things. B. It can be found everywhere.

C. It smells like carbon dioxide. D. It’s mainly from biological activities.

7. What can we learn from NASA’s view？

A. There may exist life on Mars. B. Methane gas increases suddenly.

C. The level of methane gas is steady. D. There are some ways to form methane.

8. What do the NASA’s scientists think of their future exploration？

A. Difficult. B. Rewarding. C. Useless. D. Terrifying.

完形填空

Survival in the Andes

On October 13， 1972， a small plane crashed into a mountain in the Andes. How some of thepassengers 1 to live is one of the greatest 2 stories ever told.

The survivors stayed inside the remains （残骸） of the plane， and waited for a（n） 3 thatnever came. It was 4 to find a way to survive. Three of the passengers—Canessa， Parrado， andVizintin—volunteered to journey through the 5 to search for help. The three men 6 thatthey would succeed in bringing back help.

For part of the first day， they were glad to make some progress. But as the land and weatherchanged， 7 became hand. After several days， they reached what they thought was the top.Theyhad 8 this moment for days. On the other side of the top， they hoped， would be a 9 leading down and out of the mountains. However， they saw the same snow-covered 10 . In spiteof this， the men didn’t lose hope. Later， Parrado 11 two low tops far away that didn’t havesnow. If they could get there， they would be out of the Andes.

Within the following 12 ， they walked toward the two low tops. “This is the valley，”Canessa said. “This is the way out.” By December 21， the extremely 13 men made it to thetown of Los Maitenes， and a rescue team was sent to 14 for the passengers.

Thanks to the rescue team and the three men’s 15 ， all of the remaining survivors weresaved finally.

1. A. learned B. managed C. decided D. expected

2. A. survival B. mystery C. history D. science

3. A. incident B. plane C. security D. rescue

4. A. necessary B. impossible C. urgent D. apparent

5. A. mountains B. rivers C. forests D. villages

6. A. admitted B. promised C. committed D. agreed

7. A. surviving B. living C. breathing D. climbing

8. A. imagined B. arranged C. ignored D. appreciated

9. A. stream B. valley C. border D. channel

10. A. lakes B. tops C. hills D. houses

11. A. noticed B. counted C. realized D. mentioned

12. A. minutes B. days C. months D. years

13. A. tired B. disappointed C. frightened D. excited

14. A. fight B. call C. search D. ask

15. A. effort B. strength C. mind D. determination