主题三 饮食与文化

江苏 王 蓉

基础·分类梳理

一、单词快记

食物类别

fruitn.水果

vegetablen.蔬菜

meatn.肉类

seafoodn.海鲜

grainn.谷物

breadn.面包

pastan.意大利面食

ricen.米饭

noodlen.面条

soupn.汤

saladn.沙拉

dessertn.甜点

snackn.点心

beveragen.饮料

juicen.果汁

coffeen.咖啡

tean.茶

winen.葡萄酒

beern.啤酒

烹饪方式

boilv.煮沸

bakev.烘烤

roastv.烤

steamv.蒸

fryv.油炸

seasonv.给……调味

barbecue/BBQn.烧烤

blendv.混合

chopv.切碎

烹饪工具与器具

cookwaren.炊具

potn.锅

pann.平底锅

ovenn.烤箱

stoven.炉子

microwaven.微波炉

blendern.食物搅拌器

mixern.搅拌器

ladlen.汤匙

烹饪习惯与分类

cuisinen.烹饪；风味

recipen.食谱

authenticadj.正宗的

home-madeadj.自制的

localadj.当地的

regionaladj.地区的

seasonaladj.季节性的

traditionaladj.传统的

breakfastn.早餐

lunchn.午餐

dinnern.晚餐

国家及地区菜系

Chineseadj.中国的

Italianadj.意大利的

Mexicanadj.墨西哥的

Indianadj.印度的

Japaneseadj.日本的

Frenchadj.法国的

Spanishadj.西班牙的

Brazilianadj.巴西的

Germanadj.德国的

Britishadj.英国的

Americanadj.美国的

Canadianadj.加拿大的

Australianadj.澳大利亚的

餐厅与饮食服务

menun.菜单

reservationn.预订

waiter/waitressn.服务员/女服务员

forkn.餐叉

spoonn.勺

knifen.刀

napkinn.餐巾纸

trayn.托盘

buffetn.自助餐

tipn.小费

orderv.点菜

servev.服务

payv.付款

takeawayn.外卖食物

饮食文化

festiveadj.节日的

celebratev.庆祝

traditionn.传统

customn.习俗

ritualn.仪规

etiquetten.礼仪

hospitalityn.款待

sharingn.共享

二、短语速览

coffee competition 咖啡比赛

street food festival 街头美食节

cooking class 烹饪课程

a piece of cake 轻而易举的事情

spill the beans 泄露秘密

butter sb up 讨好某人

the apple of one's eye 掌上明珠

a piece of the pie 一杯羹

bread and butter 主要的收入来源

the salt of the earth 地上的盐（指善良而

信实的人）

a big cheese 大人物

hot potato 棘手的问题

bring home the bacon 挣到养家糊口的钱

couch potato 老泡在电视机前的人

eat like a horse 吃得很多

have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食

break bread 一起进餐

chew the fat 闲聊

have egg on one's face 出丑

have a finger in every pie 多管闲事

food for thought 引人深思的事

cultural cuisine 文化菜肴

feast one's eyes 大饱眼福

local delicacies 当地美食

cultural diversity in cuisine 烹饪中的文化多样性

celebration feast 庆祝盛宴

food culture exchange 饮食文化交流

global food trends 全球食品趋势

food and cultural identity 食品与文化认同

food-themed festivals 食品主题节日

food as a cultural expression 作为文化表达的食物

三、好句积累

1.“do/does/did+动词原形”表示强调

They do take their cooking seriously and always strive for perfection.他们对待烹饪真的非常认真，并始终追求完美。

2.形容词（短语）作状语

Mouth-watering, flavorful and aromatic, the dishes cooked by my mother are always irresistible.令人垂涎、充满风味，而又芳香四溢，我妈妈做的菜总是令人无法抗拒。

3.It be up to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事

It is up to you to choose a healthy diet for yourself.由你来选择一个健康的饮食。

四、续写必备

1.The dining table was adorned with colorful and appetizing dishes, making my mouth water.餐桌上摆满了色彩缤纷、令人垂涎欲滴的菜肴，让我口水直流。

2.As I savored the flavorsome dish, a wave of satisfaction washed over me,leaving a lingering taste on my palate.当我品味着美味的菜肴时，一股满足感涌上心头，余味萦绕在我的味蕾。

3.The clinking of glasses and laughter filled the lively atmosphere, enhancing the joy of the dining experience.玻璃杯碰撞的声音和笑声弥漫在热闹的氛围中，增添了用餐体验的愉悦。

4.As friends and family gathered around the table, the warmth of company added a sense of togetherness to the meal.亲朋好友围坐在餐桌旁，温暖的陪伴为这顿饭增添了一份团聚感。

5.With every bite, I could taste the love and care that went into preparing the meal, making it an unforgettable dining experience.每吃一口，我都能品尝到制作菜肴时倾注的爱与关怀，这使得这顿饭成为一次难以忘怀的用餐体验。

五、写作达标

介绍美食制作

（一）素材金库

1.引入美食名称的句子

When it comes to gastronomic delights, few can resist the allure of a perfectly cooked steak.当谈及美食的时候，很少有人能抵挡得住完美烹制的牛排的诱惑。

In the realm of culinary delights, few things evoke a sense of elegance and indulgence quite like the rich, velvety taste of a classic chocolate mousse.在美食领域，没有什么能像经典巧克力慕斯的浓郁绵滑口感那样唤起优雅与丰富的享受感。

Nestled in a fragrant saffron-infused rice, the succulent tandoori chicken beckons us with its vibrant colors and tantalizing aroma.在香气四溢的藏红花米饭中，鲜美多汁的印度烤鸡以其鲜艳的色彩和诱人的香味吸引着我们。

Journey to the tropical paradise of Thailand, where the aromatic blend of lemongrass, coconut milk, and Thai basil creates an explosion of flavors in the iconic dish, Tom Yum Soup.踏上泰国这热带天堂，在那里，在柠檬草、椰子汁和泰国罗勒的芳香调和中，经典的冬阴功汤带来了多重风味的爆炸性味道。

Awaken your senses and ignite your taste buds with the explosion of spices in an authentic Indian curry, as fragrant spices mingle with tender chunks of meat or vegetables, transporting you to the vibrant streets of India.正宗印度咖喱中香料的迸发唤醒了你的感官，点燃了你的味蕾，芬芳的香料和鲜嫩的肉块或蔬菜交融在一起，带你穿越印度充满活力的街道。

2.叙述制作过程的句子

As I carefully sliced the juicy red tomatoes, the sharp, tangy aroma of the fresh fruit filled the air, making my mouth water with anticipation.当我小心地切这些多汁的红番茄时，那浓郁香气弥漫在空气中，让我期待得垂涎欲滴。

The butter melted slowly in the saucepan, releasing a rich scent that wafted through the kitchen, signaling the beginning of a delicious homemade sauce.黄油在平底锅里缓慢融化，释放出来的浓郁香气弥漫在整个厨房里，预示着一道美味自制酱料的开始。

With each crack of the eggshell, the golden yolk cascaded into the mixing bowl,creating a pool of sunshine that promised a fluffy and delicious omelette.伴随着蛋壳的破裂声，金黄色的蛋黄滑入搅拌碗中，形成一片阳光般的池塘，预示着一道松软且美味的煎蛋卷即将呈现。

Each piece of tender meat was carefully seared in the hot skillet, creating a mouth-watering golden crust that locked in the juicy flavors.每块嫩滑的肉都在热锅里被精心煎烤，形成诱人的金黄外皮，锁住了多汁的风味。

The steam rose from the simmering pot of soup, carrying with it the comforting fragrance of herbs and tender vegetables,inviting me to indulge in a hearty and nourishing meal.蒸汽从悠悠煮沸的汤锅中升腾而起，带着草药和嫩蔬菜的舒缓芳香，邀请我享用一份丰盛而营养的美餐。

3.表达制作感受或体会的句子

Through the act of preparing food, I discovered that the kitchen is not merely a physical space, but a gateway to new flavors,cultural richness,and a deeper understanding of oneself and others.通过制作食物的过程，我发现厨房不仅仅是一个物理空间，更是通往新风味、文化的宝库，以及更深入了解自己和他人的大门。

As I reflect on the journey of creating a delectable dish, I realize that the true magic lies not only in the final result, but in the memories and connections forged with loved ones over the shared experience of a well-prepared meal.在回顾创作美味佳肴的旅程时，我意识到真正的魅力不仅仅在于最终成果，还在于与所爱之人共享一顿精心准备的美餐时所建立的回忆和联系。

Each ingredient that I carefully selected and lovingly prepared seemed to whisper its own story, reminding me that food is not just sustenance, but a gateway to moments of connection, celebration, and nourishment for the soul.我精心挑选和用心准备的每一种食材似乎都在低语着自己的故事，提醒我食物不仅仅是养料，还是通往情感共鸣、庆祝和灵魂滋养的大门。

With each culinary experiment, I learned that the true joy of cooking lies in the ability to create something magical from simple ingredients, and to share that magic with others, filling their hearts and stomachs with love and delight.通过每一次烹饪实验，我学到烹饪真正的快乐在于能够从简单食材中创造出一些有魔力的东西，并与他人分享这种魔力，用爱和愉悦填满他们的心和胃。

At that moment, surrounded by the aromas and flavors of the meal I had prepared, I realized that cooking is a form of self-expression and a way to share a piece of myself with the world, and to create moments of happiness, love, and connection that transcend the boundaries of language and culture.在被我准备的餐点的香气和味道所环绕的那一刻，我意识到烹饪是一种自我表达的形式，是与世界分享自己的一部分，并创造超越语言和文化界限的幸福、爱和连接的时刻的一种方式。

（二）写作框架

提升·素养达标

见P66～P72《学习妙测》“主题三 饮食与文化”的对应内容。