空气污染影响画家创作

陈烨

Air pollution influenced painters

空气污染对画家的创作会有影响吗？如果有的话，主要体现在哪里？读完本文，或许你能找到答案。

1 The 19th century landscape paintings hanging in Londons Tate Britain museum looked familiar to climate physicist Anna Lea Albright. Artist Joseph Mallord William  Turners  ways  of  presenting  his painting in fog and smoke reminded Albright of her own research tracking air pollution.

2 “I wondered if there was a connection，” says Albright. After all， Turner—?a forerunner of the Impressionist movement?—?was painting as Britains Industrial Revolution boomed. To prove how much Realism there is in Impressionism， Albright studied nearly 130 paintings of Paris?based Impressionist Claude Monet.

3 Low contrast and whiter colors are features of the Impressionist style. Theyre also signs of air pollution， which can affect how a distant scene looks to the naked eye. Tiny dust can absorb or scatter light. That makes the bright parts of objects appear less bright while also shifting the entire scenes color toward neutral white.

4 Albright distinguished art from an aerosol by first using a mathematical model to analyze the contrast and color of 60 paintings that Turner made between 1796 and 1850 and 38 Monet works from 1864 to 1901. She then compared the findings to SO2 emissions over the century， estimated from the trend in the annual amount of coal sold and burned in London and Paris.

5 As SO2 emissions increased， the amount of contrast in both Turners and Monets paintings decreased. However， paintings of Paris that Monet made from 1864 to 1872 have much higher contrast than Turners last paintings of London made two decades earlier. The difference， Albright says， can be caused by the slower start of the Industrial Revolution in France. It confirms that the similar progression in their painting styles cant be regarded as coincidence， but is guided by air pollution.

6 To strengthen the argument， Albright also analyzed 18 paintings from four other London?and?Paris?based Impressionists. Again， as outdoor air pollution increased over time， the contrast and visibility in the paintings decreased. Overall， air pollution can explain about 61% of contrast differences between the paintings.

Ⅰ. 日积月累

landscape n. 风景；风景画

remind v. 提醒

boom v. & n. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增

contrast v. 对照；形成对比；显出明显的差异

feature n. 特征；容貌；特色

v. 以……为特色；起重要作用

distinguish v. 区别；辨别

estimate v. 估算；估價

decrease v. 减少；减小；降低

confirm v. 证实；证明；确认

coincidence n. 巧合；（意见等的）相同

Ⅱ. 语法填空

Climate physicist Albright felt one painting of London?based artist Turner looked familiar and decided to make out whether there 1.（be） a connection between the artists painting methods 2. air pollution at that time. Turner was 3. Impressionist and he lived in a time when Britains Industrial Revolution developed 4.（rapid）. Albright also analyzed paintings of Paris?based Impressionist Monet. It 5.（know） that low contrast and whiter hues are features of the Impressionist style and also signs of air pollution. Albright 6.（use） a mathematical model to analyze the contrast and color of works 7.（create） by Turner and Monet. She compared the 8.（find） to SO2 emissions over the century and found that the amount of contrast in both the two artists decreased 9. SO2 emissions increasing. It shows that the painting styles of the artists 10. （guide） by air pollution.