洞悉趋势，融聚未来——2023 年创新仿真题多维分析选登（下）

一、阅读理解

A

Faced with many challenges in his life, John McFall has never let them stop him.Despite having his leg amputated（截肢）as a young man, he has gone on to be first a champion Paralympic athlete and more recently an astronaut in training!

John first discovered his love for sports when he was 7, and he quickly became passionate about running and hockey.When he was 19 years old and visiting Vietnam, he had a bad accident on a motorbike that required one of his legs to be amputated.When he returned to his home country of England, he missed running.Eventually, he was provided an artificial leg that allowed him to run again.He started to compete in events that were designed for disabled athletes and, after much hard work, won several medals in international competitions, including the Paralympics.

Following his success at running, John studied exercise and medicine.He continued to focus on how to manage his emotions to not allow his disabilities to limit the possibilities for his life.

When he learned that the European Space Agency was looking for new astronauts, itintriguedhim.He decided to give it a try.Among 22 000 other applicants! John was selected by the European Space Agency to become the first “para-astronaut” the world has ever known.John will be involved in a possible study to allow ESA to assess the conditions required for disabled people to participate in future space missions.The Space Agency also wants to understand how a person with a disability can operate in space.If all goes well, it will be at least five years before John goes into space as an astronaut.

John’s story is truly inspiring, and it shows us that anything is possible if we set our minds to it.No matter what challenges we face in life, we can overcome them and achieve greatness if we work hard and persevere.So, keep pushing yourself to be the best you can be, and never let anyone tell you that you can’t achieve your dreams.

24.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A.John met a bad accident at the age of 7.

B.John was provided with an artificial leg in Vietnam.

C.John won some medals in the Olympic Games.

D.The accident didn’t change John’s love for running.

27.What does this passage want to tell us?

A.Where there is life, there is hope.

B.Knowledge can change your fate.

C.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

D.All things are difficult before they are easy.

【解析】

24.D 推理判断题

【全能解析】根据第二段内容尤其是第一、二句“John first discovered his love for sports when he was 7，and he quickly becamne passionate about running and hockey.When he was 19 years old and visiting Vietnam, he had a bad accident on a motorbike that required one of his leg to be amputated，”和第四句“Eventually，he was provided an artificial leg thatallowed him to run again”可知，John 七岁时开始热爱跑步。但一场严重的事故使他腿部截肢。最后，他配备了能够让他重新跑步的假肢。由此可推知，事故并没有改变 John 对跑步的热爱。故选 D。

【干扰项分析】本题中C 项为强干扰项，C 项的错误特征为正误参半。John 在 Paralympics（残奥会）上获得了几块奖牌，而不是在奥运会上，故可排除C 项。

27.C 推理判断题。

【全能解析】通读全文尤其是最后一段第一 句中的“anything is possible if we set our minds to it”可推知，文章通过讲述 John 虽然遭遇车祸被迫截肢，但他仍然心怀希望，努力奋斗，最后获得了成功的故事告诉我们，有志者事竟成。故选 C。

【关键点拨】A 项 Where there is life，there is hope.意为“留得青山在，不怕没柴烧”；B 项Knowledge can change your fate.意为“知识可以改变命运”；C 项 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.意为“有志者事竟成”；D 项 All things are difficult before they are easy.意为“万事开头难”。

B

An inability to stand on one leg for 10 seconds in later life is linked to nearly double the risk of death from any cause within the next decade, according to a new study published Tuesday in theBritish Journal of Sports Medicine.

The study involved 1 702 people aged 51 to 75 living in Brazil, who were asked to fill in questionnaires on basic information and statistics and then to balance unsupported on one leg during an initial check.Researchers told the participants to place the front of the free foot behind the standing leg, and keep their arms by their sides and eyes fixed straight ahead.Up to three attempts on either foot were permitted.

The study participants had an average age of 61 and two-thirds of them were men.Around 1 in 5 failed to balance on one leg for 10 seconds at the initial checkup.Researchers monitored the participants after the initial checkup for a period of seven years, during which 123—7% of the people being studied died.The proportion（比例） of deaths among those who failed the test （17.5%） was significantly higher than deaths among those who were able to balance for 10 seconds （4.5%）.

The study found that for those unable to complete the balance test there was an 84% higher risk of death from any cause, and this link remained even when other factors—including age, sex, BMI, and pre-existing conditions or health risks were taken into account.The research was observational and doesn’t reveal cause and effect.The study didn’t look at any possible biological mechanisms（原理）that might explain the link between poor balance and longevity（长寿）.

In general, those who failed the test had poorer health and included a higher proportion of people who were too fat or had heart disease, high blood pressure,and unhealthy blood fat profiles, according to the study.

30.What do we know about the study?

A.It involved 1 700 people of different ages.

B.It doesn’t show the cause and effect of the test.

C.It will change the current physical exam pattern.D.It reveals the link between poor balance and longevity.

【解析】

30.B 细节理解题。

【全能解析】根据第四段第二句“The research was observational and doesn’t reveal cause and effect.”可知，这项研究是观察性的，没有揭示因果关系。故选 B。

【干扰项分析】本题中 D 项为强干扰项。D 项中的“the link between poor balance and longevity”是文章原词，没有进行任何同义词转换。如果考生不够认真，容易忽视该句前的“The study didn’t look at”而误选D 项。

二、完形填空

As a foreign English teacher at my school in Japan, I had a weekly English music class where I showed different English songs.I tried to get the students to 41 English songs to me.Then I played some of them in the school broadcasting station for everyone to 42 during lunchtime.In the meanwhile, they would have some 43 with English knowledge.

To make the students more familiar with each other, I gave everyone a chance to 44 themselves through their music, including one 45 student of mine.This student was unpopular and often got into 46 .He didn’t study and brought down the 47 of the class.So most of the other teachers and students 48 him, which upset him a lot.But I could feel,from his eyes, his 49 for connection with others.He just needed a chance.

I could 50 he was warming up to me over the last year, since he always found opportunities to talk to me.So I told him to 51 a song he likes that has some English words in it.He 52 chose a song after a few weeks.Actually, I really liked the song so I put it on the broadcast and made sure to 53 his name,so everyone knew that he contributed such a great song.54 to say, the boy was thrilled.He has been much more 55 and focused in English class ever since.Gradually, some students began to 56 him and talked to him.And their increasing warmth slowly 57 him into an easygoing student.

There’s still a language barrier between us, but 58 aren’t needed.He recently walked by me and gave me the most 59 smile that I’ve ever seen.My coworker turned to me and said，“I’ve never seen him smile like that before.How did you get through to him?”“I gave him a 60 ,”I said,“through just one song.”

41.A.sing B.write

C.recommend D.record

42.A.judge B.choose

C.appreciate D.remember

43.A.acquaintance B.information

C.fun D.difficulty

44.A.teach B.help

C.enjoy D.show

45.A.strong B.poor

C.easygoing D.tough

46.A.debt B.fights

C.shape D.lines

47.A.effort B.culture

C.energy D.courage

48.A.rejected B.favored

C.defeated D.helped

49.A.passion B.attraction

C.regret D.thirst

50.A.deny B.predict

C.tell D.suspect

51.A.put forward B.take down

C.think of D.make up

52.A.eventually B.suddenly

C.unwillingly D.directly

53.A.announce B.pronounce

C.explain D.hide

54.A.Hard B.Needless

C.Hopeful D.Amazed

55.A.strong-minded B.talented

C.serious D.mad

56.A.forgive B.acknowledge

C.abandon D.tolerate

57.A.tricked B.transformed

C.forced D.argued

58.A.words B.smiles

C.actions D.comments

59.A.courageous B.hidden

C.heated D.sincere

60.A.hand B.hug

C.lesson D.chance

【解析】

41-45 CCADD 46-50 BCADC

51-55 CAABC 56-60 BBADD

41.C 考查动词辨析。

【全能解析】根据下文“Then I played some of them in the school broadcasting station for everyone to ________ during lunchtime”可知，作者会在午餐时间播放其中一些歌曲给学生们听。此处指作者让学生们给自己推荐一些英文歌曲，故选 C。

【干扰项分析】本题中 A 项“sing”为强干扰项。考生一般会认为在英文音乐课上学生们会唱歌，但根据下文中的“Then I played some of them in the school broadcasting station for everyone”可知，C 项正确，故可排除A 项。

45.D 考查形容词辨析

【全能解析】根据下文中的“This student was unpopular”“He didn’t study”及语境可知，此处指包括作者的一个棘手的学生，故选 D。

【干扰项分析】本题中A 项“strong”为强干扰项，意为“强壮的”，强壮的人并不一定会惹是生非，所以 strong 和 unpopular 并没有因果关系，故可排除 A 项。

49.D 考查名词辨析。

【全能解析】根据上文中的“But I could feel，from his eyes”和下文中的“for connection with others.He just needed a chance”可知，此处指作者能从他的眼神中感觉到他渴望与其他人建立联系。故选 D。

【干扰项分析】本题中 A 项“passion”为 强干扰项。passion 一般表示对某人或某事的强烈情感，意为“激情”。而此处的语境是该学生很渴望和别人沟通，故可排除 A 项。

三、语法填空

2022 was a shocking year.Climate change brought about weather extremes around the globe, breaking temperature records, sinking river levels to historic lows and raising rainfall to destructive highs.Droughts set the stage ___61___ wildfires and worsened food insecurity.Researchers found themselves wondering the limits of humans’ ability ___62___(tolerate) extreme heat.In its ___63___ (six) assessment report, released in 2021 and 2022, the United.Nations’Intergovernmental Panel（专题讨论小组）on Climate Change, or IPCC,warned that humans are ___64___ (dramatic) overhauling（全面改造）Earth’s climate.Earth’s average surface temperature ___65___ (rise) by at least 1.1 degree Celsius since pre-industrial times, thanks to human inputs of heat-trapping gases to ___66___ atmosphere，particularly carbon dioxide and methane.That warming has shfited the flow of energy around the planet， ___67___ changed weather patterns, raised sea levels and turned past extremes into new normals.

And the world will have to weather more such climate extremes as carbon keeps accumulating in the air and ___68___ ( globe ) temperatures continue to rise.But IPCC scientists and others hope that, by stressing the regional（区域性的）and local ___69___ (effect) of climate change, the world will make even ___70___(many)efforts to reduce climate-warming emissions—avoiding a worse future.

【解析】

61.for 62.to tolerate

63.sixth考查数词。

【全能解析】assessment report 意为“评估报告”，为单数，所以此空应用序数词，表示第六个评估报告。故填 sixth。

【常考易错点】变化不规则的序数词包括first,second，third，fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth 以及表示几十的序数词如twentieth，ninetieth 等。

64.dramatically考查词性转换。

【全能解析】此处应用副词修饰动词“are overhauling”。故填dramatically。

【关键点拨】副词在句中一般作状语，还可作表语或补语。副词可用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。

【常考易错点】在形容词变副词过程中，考生容易出错的词有 true—truly，due—duly，以-le 结尾变-ly 的词（如 simply，possibly 等），以-ic 结尾加-ally 的词（如automatically, dramatically 等）。

65.has risen考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

【全能解析】根据时间状语“since pre-industrial times 可知，时态应用现在完成时；分析句子 结构可知，主语“Earth’s average surface temperature”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has risen。

【关键点拨】在对现在完成时的考查中，一般句子中会出现标志性的时间状语，如 since +时间点，for +时间段，so far，during the past 3 years 等。

66.the 67.which 68.global 69.effects 70.more

四、短文改错

A

Last weekend, our school held a cosplay opening ceremony.I was not selected to participate the cosplay.But I was still very happy to watch a ceremony.I arrived at the gymnasium 10 minute early.I found that cosplay players selecting from each class of the school were dressed up in their own costumes.There were some players were dressed up as movie characters such as the Fairy and Harry Potter.We also see some superheroes like Spiderman and Captain America.Their funny performances made us happily.The show was very interesting but we all enjoyed it.The only regret is whether the time is very short.All of we wished it could have lasted longer.

【解析】

第一处：第二句，在 participate 后加 in。

第二处：第三句，a →the。考查冠词。

【全能解析】此处特指上文提到的“ceremony”，应用定冠词 the。故将a 改为 the。

【关键点拨】定冠词 the 一般用于以下情况：

①特指某些人或物；

②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事；

③上文已经提到的人或事；

④世界上独一无二的事物前；

⑤序数词或形容词最高级前；

⑥某些专有名词前；

⑦一些习惯短语（如：in the morning 等）中；

⑧乐器前（如：play the piano）。

第三处：第四句，minute →minutes。

第四处：第五句，selecting →selected。

第五处：第六句，删除第二个 were。

第六处：第七句，see →saw。

第七处：第八句，happily →happy。

第八处：第九句，but →so/and。

第九处：第十句，whether →that。

第十处：第十一句，we →us。

B

Last week, my friend asked me to go to the park with her on Saturday.I felt so happily and said yes.But on Friday night I played the chess with my brother till midnight.So the next day, I slept until 9 a.m.Have had breakfast, I helped my mum do some cleaning.It was not unless my friend rang me up that I reminded of the date.I was terribly sorry.I must take step to make up for my fault.I called on his home the next day with a gift but apologized sincerely to him.Much to my relief,he forgive me and we were still good friends.

【解析】

第一处：第一句，her →him。

第二处：第二句，happily →happy。

第三处：第三句，删掉 chess 前的 the。

第四处：第五句，Have →Having。

第五处：第六句，unless →until。

第六处：第六句，在 reminded 前加 was。考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。

【全能解析】本文讲述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，此处动词与主语“I”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为“I”，be 动词应用was。故在 reminded前加 was。

【常考易错点】动词的语态是短文改错题的常考知识点。考生在做题时要避免汉语式的惯性思维。

第七处：第八句，step →steps。

第八处：第九句，on →at。

第九处：第九句，but →and。

第十处：第十句，forgive →forgave。