ABSTRACTS

The Five Major Principles——From“Five Insistences”to See the Practical Requirements of Promoting Chinese Modernization（4）

Han Qingxiang1，Zhang Jian2

（1.Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Beijing 100091；2.Party School of the Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China，Tianjing 300191）

Abstract：The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC pointed that we must firmly adhere to the five major principles，simply put，“Five Insistences”.The purpose of this theory is that to make the whole party in the face of the practical requirements of promoting Chinese Modernization，the practical requirements of building a modern socialist country，and to make the whole party in the face of opportunities and difficulties，risks and challenges.Making the whole party understand the fundamental issue of“what is meaning，what is doing and how to do”.So as to lay a solid foundation for the strategic plan of building a modern socialist country.Five Insistences points out the basic problems of promoting Chinese Modernization.In other words，who are leading?For whom?Which path to take?What is the source of power?What kind of spirit should we have?The relationship between“Five Insistences”and Chinese Modernization is that the former is the major principle for the latter to follow，the former provides the fundamental compliance and important guarantees.

Key words：Chinese Modernization；building a modern socialist country；major principle；Five Insistences；strategic plan

Shifts of Enterprise’s Technology Level and Scale Efficiency in the Digital Economy（9）

He Daan

（School of Economics，Zhejiang Gongshang University，Hangzhou 310018）

Abstract：Nowadays，the digital economy in China is driven by digital platforms with significant scale economies，this phenomenon reflects that the digital economy is developing rapidly，but the inner-technical structure imbalanced.With the integration of Internet，big data and Artificial Intelligence（AI），evaluate how the development of digital economy influenced by different types of technology level and scale efficiency，it needs to study the technical requirements of collecting，matching and handling different big data types，needs to analysis how the core sector and the application sector of digital economy influenced by the change of enterprise’s technology level.By the study of the connection between enterprise’s technology level and scale efficiency，the paper points out that scale efficiency of enterprise is determined by its technology level，and the change of enterprise’s technology level will affect the inner-structure of digital economy.The paper investigated the current situation and reasons why technical structure imbalanced in our country’s digital economy，then focused on how the abilities of collecting，matching and handling big data improve enterprises’scale efficiency.We intend to explaining shifts of enterprise’s technology level and scale efficiency based on the theory of microeconomics in the paper.

Key words：digital economy；scale efficiency；enterprise technology level；big data；internet

The New Practice of Common Prosperity in the Yangtze River Delta：The Impact of the Construction of the Cross-Border E-Commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zone on the Urban-Rural Income Gap（20）

Huang Xianhai，Yu Liuming，Cui Xue

（School of Economics，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

Abstract：Achieving common prosperity requires further deepening of reforms and policy adjustments.The degree of industrial clustering，the vitality of the digital economy and the degree of export openness in the Yangtze River Delta region are at the forefront of China.The construction of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone is in full swing，providing new ideas and practical experience for the coordinated development of urban and rural areas in the Yangtze River Delta.The urban-rural income gap is an important perspective to analyze the common prosperity of urban and rural areas.Based on the multi-period double difference regression results of panel data of 41 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2020，this paper finds that：（1）The construction of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test areas has significantly reduced the urban-rural income gap and still valid after a series of robustness tests.（2）The entrepreneurial vitality of cross-border e-commerce and the agglomeration of producer services are important mechanisms for the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone to affect the urban-rural income gap.（3）Compared with the later approved cities，the construction of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones in the first two batches of cities has a more obvious impact on the reduction of the urban-rural income gap；the construction of the comprehensive e-commerce pilot area has a more obvious impact on the reduction of the urban-rural income gap.The government should strengthen the planning for the development of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area，accelerate the development of the cross-border e-commerce industry in rural areas，promote the cultivation of cross-border e-commerce enterprises and the agglomeration of productive service industries，and promote the coordinated development of cross-border e-commerce and urban and rural areas，to achieve common prosperity in urban and rural areas.

Key words：Yangtze River Delta；common prosperity；cross-border e-commerce；urban-rural income gap

Adaptive Governance：The Institutional Logic of the Filing Review System for Local Intraparty Regulatory Documents（32）

Zeng Yucheng

（School of Marxism，Xiamen University，Xiamen 361005）

Abstract：As a form of inner-party supervision system to ensure the standardized operation of local policy power，the Filing Review System for Local Intraparty Regulatory Documents plays a key role in strengthening the unity of central policy and promoting the modernization of national governance.This paper attempts to propose a theoretical framework of“adaptive governance”from the historical clues of the governance of Chinese political parties，which is used to analyze and explain a series of institutional phenomena and practices in the process of filing review local intraparty regulatory documents，including the institutional environment jointly shaped by formal governance and informal governance，conventional governance and mobilization governance，technical governance and political governance，and the mechanism interaction between them and the deep-seated institutional logic.The stable existence and mechanism production of adaptive governance is not only the result of the organizational structure of the regulatory department and its institutional environment，as well as the continuous adaptation and shaping of the environment，but also the result of its flexible work and political initiative to ease governance tensions.This can be embodied in the process of system adjustment such as work notification，review standards，guidance cases，and problem handling.However，while adaptive governance brings effectiveness to the filing and review of local intraparty regulatory documents，it also has institutional limitations such as target substitution，system flexibility，political preference，and tension of the rule of law.This provides resources for us to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the institutional process of adaptive governance and its impact on the filing review system for local intraparty regulatory documents.

Key words：local intraparty regulatory documents；filing review；adaptive governance；institutional environment；institutional logic

The Rule-of-law Thinking：From Interests Demands to Rights Claims（44）

Zhang Zhiming，Zhong Xin

（Law School，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200241）

Abstract：The rule-of-law thinking requires the social subject to cognize，analyze and solve problems based on the spirit of the rule of law.The most essential and core requirements of the rule of law is to deal with all matters in the national governance under the provisions of law.Thus，the most concise definition of the rule-of-law thinking is the thinking subject recognizes，analyzes and solves problems by the provisions of law.A concise but not simple position to understand the rule-of-law thinking should be based on the experiences of daily life，starting from the concept of rights，identifying interests and rights，and dynamically showing the process from interest demands to rights claims.Interests are the basis of rights，and the conversion of interests into rights should go through three steps：interest identification，interest justification，and interest recognition by the authority.Based on these，the process of generating the rights claims from interests demands includes four parts：demanding interests，demanding justified interests，claiming legitimate interests，and claiming interests that may belong to rights.

Key words：the rule-of-law thinking；rights；interests；legitimate interests；interests demands；rights claims

Criminal Law Attribute and Protection Path of Virtual Currency（52）

Zhang Chunli

（Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Social Sciences，Nanjing 210004）

Abstract：Virtual currency is the product of the rapid development of network technology.In the era of digital economy，the carrier of property has changed，the concept of property has changed，and the law should also adjust the scope of regulation with the times.The definition of the criminal law attribute of virtual currency has become a fundamental issue in the application of criminal law.According to the basic principles of criminal law,virtual currency has the similar monetary attribute，but it does not belong to“property”and should be recognized as computer information system data.As data based on computer programs，virtual currency has inherent technical risks；At the same time，the risk of crimes related to virtual currency is also increasing.The criminal law should implement the real name of virtual currency transactions and clarify the subject of responsibility；Attach importance to the application of the principle of suiting crime,responsibility and punishment，and accurately convict and sentence；Face up to the legal attribute of virtual currency and realize a leap of higher level protection；For the illegal acts of virtual currency that have serious social harm and cannot be applied to criminal law relief，we should build supporting norms as soon as possible to curb the economic foam.

Key words：virtual currency；criminal law attribute；protection path

Best Interests of the Child：Research on Parenthood in Surrogacy Disputes（60）

Jin Chun，Bi Ying

（Guanghua School of Law，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310008）

Abstract：Using present standards to determine the parentage of surrogate children is certainly problematic in terms of social values,the foundation of personal relationships,and the application of the law.10 representative cases show that factors such as“maintaining continuity and stability in parent-child relationship”are taken into consideration in legal practice.However,the legitimacy of the surrogacy agreement and the application of Article 2（2）of the Interpretation of the Marriage Law 2001（III）generated instability in the parental rights of surrogate children.This article makes the following claims：the parents’will in the surrogacy agreement should be interpreted in the best interests of child principle;Article 2（2）of Interpretation of the Marriage Law 2001（III）should be restricted with strict statute of limitations and conditions;The number of“potential guardians”should be increased.These recommendations make sure that judges prioritize applying the Best Interests of Child Principle while being true to our judicial position,preventing surrogate children from being sacrificed in the balance of interests.

Key words：surrogacy；legal parenthood；surrogacy children；the Best Interests of Child Principle

The“Lead”of Modern Civic Ethics by Village Rules and Regulations（66）

Wang Xiaozhang，Wu Dayu

（School of Public Administration，Hangzhou Normal University，Hangzhou 311121）

Abstract：The process of modernization has led to the transformation of rural society，which has changed both the social relations within it and the relationship among it，the wider society and the state.This change in social relations has，on the one hand，led to the decline of the village code as a“local ethic”and，on the other hand，called for the cultivation and establishment of modern civic ethics to regulate people’s behaviour and adapt to modern social life.The establishment of modern civic ethics requires a process due to the existence of cultural decay.Through an examination of the village rules and regulations of several villages in Q City，Zhejiang Province，it was found that，in this process，although the content of the village rules and regulations，which were traditionally local ethics，had mostly become obsolete，the form of the village rules and regulations could be used to，and in fact did，play a role in“guiding”modern civic morality.In other words，when the“old bottle”of“village rules”is filled with the“new wine”of civic ethics，it can become an effective means of nurturing“villagers”into modern citizens.

Key words：civic ethics；village rules and regulations

Business Environment in Digital Era and Evaluation on it（73）

Pan Siwei1，Xu Yueqian2

（1.School of Public Affairs，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058；2.School of Public Administration，Zhejiang Gongshang University，Hangzhou 310018）

Abstract：The business environment is a comprehensive reflection of local economic development and a key factor in unleashing productivity and enhancing regional competitiveness.The development of digital economy with data as the core production factor and the application of digital technologies such as sensoryfree monitoring have posed new challenges to the connotation and composition of business environment in terms of content and methods.Digital business environment refers to the sum of the external environment and conditions，such as government affairs environment，market environment，legal environment and technological environment，which affect the behavior of market subjects along with the wide application of digital technology and the rise of digital market forms.It is an integral ecosystem involving comprehensive reform and institutional innovation.Based on the digital business environment of new features，from the dimension of subject，system and technology of digital business environment theory connotation，with market forms，government reform and digital technology for digital business environment evaluation dimensions，this paper identifies the key elements affecting the behavior of market main body in the digital age，to promote the construction of digital business environment management system.

Key words：digital era；business environment；measurement dimension

Logical Positivism and the Philosophical Transformation of American Pragmatism（80）

Jiang Yi

（School of Philosophy and Sociology，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006）

Abstract：The official entrance of analytic philosophy to the United States of America began with the immigration of the members of the Vienna Circle successively.The pragmatist acceptance of analytic philosophy is also transforming pragmatism from a highly empirical investigation of psychology and sociology to logical research focusing on language and knowledge.It is significantly illuminating for our understanding of the current development of contemporary pragmatism in America to examine the history of pragmatist acceptance of analytic philosophy.First，the engagement process of analytic philosophy in America is the gradual replacement of speculative philosophy and the transcendental method with scientific reason and empirical methods.It is also the gradual transformation of American philosophy from idealism and realism to physicalism and scientism.Second，the pragmatist acceptance of analytic philosophy reflects the empirical and experimental characteristics of the Native American philosophy and the vital transformation of pragmatist strategy from focusing on the experience of life and the secular society to the world of mind and knowledge.Third，the achievements of analytic philosophy in America are not only analytic pragmatism with the American feature but the continuity of the epistemological tradition from the 17-18 centuries，which Richard Rorty called the mirror mode of thinking.The last，pragmatism secured the empiricist way of thinking while developing and expanding the direction of analytic philosophy critically.

Key words：analytic philosophy；pragmatism；empiricism；pragmatism of analysis；transformation of philosophy

Knowledge Transmission and Epistemic Injustice（86）

Bai Huiren

（School of Philosophy，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058）

Abstract：Knowledge transmission is an important knowledge source in daily epistemic practices.In the process of knowledge transmission，the listener’s spontaneous non-inferential knowledge acceptance contains the corresponding critical judgment，which depends on the listener’s perceptual ability.Like moral perception，this kind of perception comes from Aristotelian social training，which come along with the identity prejudice formed by class，gender，race，nationality，religion and other factors.In the process of knowledge transmission，a speaker suffers the epistemic injustice just if prejudice on the hearer’s part causes him to give the speaker less credibility than he would otherwise have given.The possible way to eliminate this epistemic injustice caused by the identity-prejudicial credibility deficit is to appeal to the virtue of epistemic justice which is ethical-intellectual virtue，or appeal to a Rawlsian ideal and well-ordered epistemic basic structure.

Key words：knowledge transmission；the state of nature；non-inferentialism；epistemic injustice；virtue of epistemic justice

The Style，Basic Features and Practical Gains and Losses of“African Marxism”（95）

Zheng Xiangfu，Wu Wenbing

（School of Marxism，Zhejiang Normal University，Jinhua 321004）

Abstract：The existence of Marxism in Africa since the middle of the 20th century is another sample of the development spectrum of Marxism.African Marxism can be divided into three styles，namely classic African Marxism，moderate African Marxism and right-wing African Marxism.Its basic characteristics are the reconstruction of African black subjectivity，anti-colonialism，Africanization，etc.The main reason for the failure in practice is the lack of a deep dialectical understanding of Marxism and the formalization of scientific socialism.

Key words：African Marxism；African socialism；localization of Marxism

Conflict and Harmony：The Historical Logic of the Integration Evolution of Individual and Community——An Investigation Based on Marx’s Texts（104）

Wang Manrong

（School of Marxism，Communication University of Zhejiang，Hangzhou 310018）

Abstract：Individual and community are two important categories of historical materialism.Marx’s understanding of the relationship between individual and community is different from the previous philosophers’speculative arguments of abstractly questioning its essence，or“individual or community”binary opposition thinking mode，but from the practical activities of material production and the“realistic individual”in the communicative relationship established on this basis，the historical evolution of conflict and harmony between individual and community is investigated in the development of human society.In the pre-capitalist society，while the individual and the natural community maintained direct“unity”，the individual could only exist as a“dependent individual”because he could not get rid of the“fetters”of the standard natural community.In capitalist society，individuals are in a state of“division and opposition”with abstract community and illusory community.Individuals only exist as“formally independent individuals”and have not achieved real independent and free development.Capitalist society not only causes conflicts between individuals and communities，but also creates huge material wealth and conditions for the emergence of the proletariat，which breeds“vitality”for the transformation from“independent individuals in form”to“individuals with free and all-round development”.In the communist society，that is，in the real community，by abolishing private ownership，we can realize the transformation from labor to independent activities，so as to realize the liberation of human beings，and then realize the harmonious coexistence between individuals and the real community，and finally realize the free and all-round development of human beings.This paper investigates the historical picture of the evolution of the relationship between individual and community from the dialectical perspective of the integration of individual and community，which has certain enlightening significance for deepening and expanding the research logic and richness of Marx’s community thought.At the same time，Marx’s understanding of the essence and regularity of the relationship between individual and community has important reference value for studying the theory of a community with a shared future for mankind in the new era.

Key words：conflict and harmony；individual；community；productivity；communicative relationship

The Constructive Process and Contemporary Value of Yongjia School’s Utilitarian Thought（112）

Chen Anjin

（School of Humanities，Wenzhou University，Wenzhou 325035）

Abstract：For the utilitarian thought of Yongjia School，the relevant scholars have different understanding based on different positions andperspectives.Covering the two dimensions of Yi li and Jing zhi，the line is based on benevolence and righteousness and the work is seen in the facts should be a more complete and accurate explanation.Zhou Xingji and Zheng Boxiong were the pioneers of the Yongjia School’s utilitarian thought.Later，through the continuous academic work of Xue Jixuan，Chen Fuliang and Ye Shi，the Yongjia School’s thought system is close to perfection.After Ye Shi died，the school declined and then revived in the late Qing Dynasty.Whether it declined or revived，it was closely related to the ideological characteristics of the school.The utilitarian thought of Yongjia School has laid a solid foundation for“Wenzhou people’s spirit”.It is the cultural lifeline behind the economic and social development of contemporary Wenzhou and has important enlightenment for the innovative development and creative transformation of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

Key words：Yongjia school；utilitarian thought；constructive process；contemporary value

Gentry Network and Documents Generated：the New Study on Lu You’s Shogun Life（120）

Xiao Ruifeng1，Shang Yuqi2

（1.School of Humanities，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310023；2.Chinese Department，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310012）

Abstract：The study on Lu You’s Shogun life is a traditional subject which has a lot of results in the academic circle.There are two new aspects in this paper：Firstly，Lu You’s Shogun life not only provided him with an opportunity to familiarize himself with military affairs and colonize contacts，but also helped him in his official career.He went through the way of official office，friends and even political contention，established a broad and complicated scholar relationship network，and thus obtained the support of Wang Yan，Zhang Zheng，Zhao Yanbo，Fan Chengda.Secondly，During the Sichuan shogunate period，Lu You had no poetry exchange with Fan Chengda.Their poetry exchange was first occurred in Chunxi three years，when Lu You left the shogunate.Some scholars’study on Fan Lu’s shogun poetry exchange is not accurately，the record of Selected Wonderful Words Since Zhongxing is not also reliable.

Key words：Lu You；shogunate；social network；poetry exchange

Sorrow for the Past：Enlightening Narration of Space Field（128）

Chen Hengjin，Cao Jingjing

（School of Humanities，Shaoxing University，Shaoxing 312000）

Abstract：Sorrow for the Past is a classic work of Lu Xun’s reflection on enlightenment.The novel is narrated in the form of handwritten notes in the three Spaces of“Guild hall”，“Home”and“Library”.In the text，“Guild hall”is the field of conflict between new and old cultures，and also the cultural space for enlighteners to reflect.“Home”is the field where the contradiction between ideal and reality is presented，and also the cultural scene where the individual value pursuit of enlightenment fails in the micro-social wrestling.“Library”is a temporary escape space in the realistic fetters of the enlightened person，as well as the psychological field of dissociation between the realistic external world and the ideal inner world.Lu Xun opened up a new dimension of enlightenment narration by integrating historical enlightenment and spatial structure，and also presented a new height of Lu Xun’s reflection on enlightenment.

Key words：enlightenment；space；guild hall；“home”；library

The Choice of the Huai River Entering the Sea and the Yangtze River in the Transportation Guarantee System of the Qing Government in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty（133）

Wang Jiange，You Yi

（Research Center of Historical Geography，Fudan University，Shanghai 200433）

Abstract：In the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty，most of the Huai River flows into the Yellow River at Qingkou，with less water in the downstream.After the middle of the Qing Dynasty，the sediment in Qingkou area deposited year by year，and the bottom of the Yellow River embankment and Hongze Lake kept rising.During the flood season，the Huai River discharged more from Shanyu five dams into lakes in Gaoyou and Baoyeng county，and then into the channel to the sea and into the Yangtze river.When the early flood was not serious，there was no so much siltation in the north of the Li canal and the discharge area was wide.However，with the siltation in the north，the discharge area is mainly concentrated in the area of Cheluo dam.During the reign of Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong，the government maintained the Caoyan on one hand，diverted the flood into the river on the other hand.When there is no alternative，officials still open Cheluo dam to release water.During the Daoguang period，the government closed the Yellow River dam for a long time every year，and the Huai River was almost all in the great canal.The canal is constantly silted up by the yellow water，and the Caoyan was continuously raised due to the strengthening of Lake storage and the entry of the Yellow River into the lake.During the flood，the water entering the Yangtze River and sea increased even more，almost reaching the limit of water discharge，and the salt farm was often affected by floods.When it is difficult to discharge water，officials often ask Lixia river area to bear the final flood to keep the canal unblocked.During this period，the technical choice of returning to the sea and returning to the Yangtze River involves the change of water environment，a series of projects and the canal strategy of the government of Qing dynasty.

Key words：Cheluo dam；Renzhi River；Huaiyang canal

The Model of Vocational Qualifications Market in the UK：Reshape，Characteristics and Revelation（146）

Ni Xiaomin，Ni Xiaohong，Fan Lulu

（College of Education，Wenzhou University，Wenzhou 325035）

Abstract：The market for vocational qualifications is a market mechanism that serves the vocational education and promotes a better match between the supply of vocational education and the demand of the labour market.It is also an area explored on a pilot basis in the current process of high-quality development of vocational education in our country.As a highly developed country with market economy，the tortuous development and reshape of the vocational qualification market in the UK in the past ten years deserve our indepth analysis.The reform measures are：to create a loose internal environment of the vocational qualification market，to cultivate the elements of the vocational qualification market，to subdivide the vocational qualification market and to strengthen the external supervision of the vocational qualification market.Thus，a new type of vocational qualification market，which is independent of the government and subject to the government supervision，is formed，which makes it competitive and active，and also undertakes the social mission.There are three characteristics in the operation of this market：firstly，the certification organization is the main body of the market；secondly，the structured market under the government supervision；and thirdly，the leading value is the pursuit of efficiency and innovation.The Enlightenment to the construction of vocational education qualification market in our country includes：cultivating the elements of vocational qualification market in our country；endowing the training and evaluation organization with the status of the main body of the market；giving full play to the functions of government coordination and supervision.

Key words：vocational education；vocational qualifications market；awarding organization；UK