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第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

As the effects of climate change set in,coastal cities such as the Italian city of Venice and the American city of New Orleans are slowly sinking.So is Bangkok.Officials in the city and scientists say they do not know how long people will be able to continue living in the Thai capital.

Thailand's military rulers are considering action.The National Reform Council wants the government to form a committee to deal with the warnings that Bangkok could be permanently underwater many years from now.

The Saen Saeb Canal was built in Bangkok long time ago.In a neighborhood near the waterway,walkways are breaking up.Walls of homes,small businesses and an Islamic center appear to be bending.The area is sinking by about two centimeters a year,which is twice the average rate of the rest of Bangkok.

“I don't know what to do,”says Vijitri Puangsiri who has lived in the neighborhood for 44 years.Her home needs to be repaired every year because of the sinking ground.The walkway in front of her century-old house where she operates a small restaurant must also be repeatedly repaired.

“If you travel on the canal boats,you can see how hollow（凹陷的）this is,”Somsak Kongeeng says.“The buildings are sinking because they were not built on solid foundations.”He jokes that if we came back to see him again in 20 years,the water level would be almost as high as his head.But he is also partly serious.That might be only a small overstatement in a city that is,on average,just two meters above sea level.

Observers say two reasons for the sinking are rising sea level and too much pumping of groundwater.Another reason,they say,is the decision made by developers to build so many high-rises because they will earn quantities of money by doing so.This kind of development worries those who are concerned about the rising water level.

1.What should we do to slow down the sinking of Bangkok in a practical way?

A.Replace the loose soil with concrete.

B.Control the pumping of groundwater.

C.Forbid the construction of high-rises.

D.Stop the rising of sea level.

2.What is the author's purpose of writing the text?

A.To appeal to the protection of the sinking city.

B.To explain the reasons for the sinking.

C.To stress the significance of Bangkok.

D.To inform us of the situation of Bangkok.

3.What is the best title for the text?

A.The Saen Saeb Canal—the cause of the sinking

B.A warning from Bangkok

C.Bangkok—a coastal city at risk

D.Reasons for sinking buildings

B

Music is said to be a universal language.But for Chase Burton,a deaf film-maker,music has always been a different experience.

“When I was a kid,I'd lie on the floor above our garage so that I could feel the vibrations(震动)from my brother's band rocking out below my body.That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music,”said Burton.

In 2016,his ability to experience music changed completely,thanks to the Californiabased technology company Not Impossible Labs.It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to“feel”music through their skin.The suit can translate audio into a range of vibrating pulses(脉冲)that are felt at 24 contact points.Burton has been wearing the suit for four years.“The sound drums on different parts of my body,”said Burton.“Maybe it will strike me in my ankles first.And then I'll start to feel the vibrations in my back and wrists.”

The creators want to extend the musical experience beyond the deaf community.In 2018,they gave out 150 vibrating suits at a rock concert where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear.Since then,the creators have been working to improve the technology and want the suit to become a consumer product accessible to all,which will be used in live sports broadcasts,or video games.

As a writer and director,Burton has been working to make the movie world more inclusive.For his latest movie,he hired all-deaf staff and actors.Burton hopes that the vibrating suits will be available to his film audiences in the future.He believes that the suits can improve emotions while people are watching a movie for normal people as well as the deaf.“I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music or movies don't always need to be enjoyed through the ears,”said Burton.

4.What do the underlined words“drums on”in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Hits. B.Affects. C.Changes. D.Reflects.

5.Why were normal people provided with the vibrating suit by the creators at the rock concert?

A.To attract more users.

B.To promote the sale.

C.To make people enjoy music.

D.To carry out an experiment.

6.What does Burton expect of the vibrating suit in the future?

A.It will be used by his film audiences.

B.It will help improve the actors'emotions.

C.It will become the main theme in his movies.

D.It will change normal people's attitude to the deaf.

7.What is the best title for the text?

A.A deaf film-maker's musical experiences

B.The application of vibrating suits to films

C.Wearable devices for deaf people are coming

D.Vibrating suits allow deaf people to feel music

C

Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.

A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.

Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone,who led the team,described the experiment:In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen,a symbol would appear,and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For example,the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen,they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice;if they went for the circle,they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.

After running hundreds of tests,the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time,indicating that they were performing a calculation,not just memorizing the value of each combination.

When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely,they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing,for example,a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic:When adding two numbers,the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two,and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.

“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains,”Dr Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”

8.What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?

A.They fed them. B.They named them.

C.They trained them. D.They measured them.

9.How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?

A.By drawing a circle. B.By touching a screen.

C.By watching videos. D.By mixing two drinks.

10.What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?

A.They could perform basic addition.

B.They could understand simple words.

C.They could memorize numbers easily.

D.They could hold their attention for long.

11.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Education. D.Science.

D

When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesn't sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.It's a plant's way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.

Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists don't know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to“overhear”the cry.So information was exchanged,but it wasn't a true,intentional back and forth.

Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate(亲密的)than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.There's a whole lot going on.

12.What does a plant do when it is under attack?

A.It makes noises. B.It gets help from other plants.

C.It stands quietly. D.It sends out certain chemicals.

13.What does the author mean by“the tables are turned”in paragraph 3?

A.The attackers get attacked.

B.The insects gather under the table.

C.The plants get ready to fight back.

D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.

14.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .

A.predict natural disasters

B.protect themselves against insects

C.talk to one another intentionally

D.help their neighbors when necessary

15.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.The world is changing faster than ever.

B.People have stronger senses than before.

C.The world is more complex than it seems.

D.People in Darwin's time were more imaginative.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)education is futureoriented(面向未来的).The demands for jobs that need routine skills have decreased,while those requiring more technical(技术的)skills have increased.We should encourage students to choose STEM fields after school.16

Improve the image of science.

Many people view science as something tough and boring.Much of this can be blamed on those movies and books that describe scientists as nerdy(书呆子气的).17 They can tell students how science has changed the world and say interesting things about the subject.They can encourage their students by showing different scientific experiments.

18

If students see that a teacher is knowledgeable and passionate about science,then they will try to follow in his/her footsteps.So,try to act as their role model.

Make it fun.

You should get students involved in science at an early stage and try to make it fun and interesting.You can use hands-on experiments to develop their interest in science.

Connect it to everyday life.

You should show students how science is used in everyday life.We have cellphones,video games,computers,etc.because of science.19

Give students opportunities.

You can create competitions and ask the students to use science to come up with new ideas,designs,etc.20 You can encourage group competitions as well.

A.Bring it to life.

B.Be a positive role model.

C.Teachers can play a big role in changing this view.

D.You should tell them how these things are making our life better.

E.For example,you can ask them to develop an app for everyday use.

F.Here are some ways to inspire students to choose science for their future.

G.You should encourage students to watch different programs related to science.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was 10 years into my career,happily working at my research as a biology professor,when something unusual happened and I had to 21 my focus to teaching undergraduate classes.

It was hard to drop a research program that had defined my career and fueled(激发)my passions.To 22 the research world,I began to include journal articles in my undergraduate course,23 lively discussions about the latest discoveries.24,my students rarely dived into(钻研)the papers fully.

My students were 25 with memorizing facts,but they lacked deep understanding of how the conclusions were drawn.The ingenuity(独创力)of research—what I loved most about being a scientist—was 26 on them.

This changed the way I 27.I spent multiple classes deconstructing a single paper with my students,28 each figure and table.I then asked,“If you had co-authored the paper,what would you do next?”

Some 29,“I'm not creative.”But I asked them to give it a try.After taking part in some group discussions,the students changed their 30.They were amazed by the variety of follow-up studies their classmates had thought up.They argued 31 about which ideas were better,expressing surprise when other groups made different choices.I was 32 to see each student commit to an idea,in the process of discovering something about their own powers of 33.

What I really wanted my students to do was develop their own inventiveness and 34 their imaginations.I hoped that what they learned about their own 35 would be the knowledge that lasts.

21.A.add B.shift C.return D.narrow

22.A.keep away from B.look back on C.get down to D.stay close to

23.A.holding B.preparing C.expecting D.ignoring

24.A.However B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Therefore

25.A.careful B.patient C.bored D.comfortable

26.A.hidden B.reflected C.lost D.found

27.A.lived B.thought C.searched D.taught

28.A.analyzing B.drawing C.editing D.memorizing

29.A.hoped B.hesitated C.decided D.pretended

30.A.attitudes B.tasks C.methods D.plans

31.A.angrily B.jokingly C.proudly D.passionately

32.A.excited B.curious C.inspired D.grateful

33.A.concentration B.observation C.invention D.devotion

34.A.show off B.tap into C.depend on D.check out

35.A.performance B.progress C.creativity D.adventure

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese researchers say they believe a group of rockets could be used 36.(change)the path of asteroids(小行星)that might pass near Earth.

Most experts agree that there is only small likelihood that a large asteroid or other space objects will crash into Earth and cause great destruction.However,many organizations do recognize the real risk of such 37. event.

For example,the US space agency NASA and its international partners 38.(continuous)search the skies for what 39. (scientist)call near-Earth objects(NEOs).Such objects include asteroids and comets(彗星)that come within 50 million kilometers of Earth's orbit.

The Chinese research was based on defending against a specific asteroid,Bennu,40. orbits the sun.Bennu is about a half-kilometer wide.It 41. (consider)a near-Earth asteroid.NASA says Bennu reaches its 42. (close)distance to Earth every six years.

China's Long March 5 rockets are a 43. (centre)part of the country's space program.They have been used to launch space station elements and carry spacecraft to the Moon and Mars.China has successfully launched six Long March 5 rockets since 2016.

Alan Fitzsimmons is an astrophysics professor in Northern Ireland.He finds the idea of using rockets to act 44. an asteroid deflector(偏向器)a rather nice concept.He added,however,that the actual 45. (operate)of such a mission needs to be studied further.

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖，请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。

1.党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；

2.作为一名高中生，你应该怎么做。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Every year,the National Science-Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One time,the teachers at a school wanted to teach the students knowledge about airplanes.While all airplanes can fly,some are able to fly farther than others.This is because not all airplanes are built the same.For example,a fighter plane looks very different from a plane that people fly when they want to go on a holiday.The teachers wondered how they could make students understand this.

Then,the science teacher,Mr Moose,decided that the school should have a paper airplane contest.Every student would design a paper airplane.They would stand in a line in the playground behind the school.The students would take turns in throwing their airplanes.The student whose airplane went the farthest would win.

When Mr Moose announced the paper airplane contest to the students,they were very excited.A student named Paul,who was on the school sports team,said to everyone else that his airplane would win.“I am the strongest,”Paul said.“So I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”

However,while Paul was saying this,another student,Brian,was thinking how he could win.Brian did not play any sports and was not very strong.But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.

Brian realized what he had to do.He went to the store and bought a big stack(一叠)of paper.When he got home,he took the paper into his backyard.He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane.It didn't go very far,so Brian took another piece and folded another airplane and threw it.This airplane went a little farther.Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them.Some went very far and some did not.Finally,when Brian used all the paper,he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.

The next day was the contest.All the students lined up.Everyone took turns.After a while,everyone had thrown except Paul and Brian.Paul went first.With a loud yell,he threw the airplane into the sky.It went farther than every other airplane.Everyone cheered.

注意：所续写短文的词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

Finally,it was Brian's turn.

Paragraph 2:

Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far.