“半辈子都在中国”的唐云有一个心愿

文/张国亮

几百年前，意大利人马可 · 波罗游历中国，后来一本《马可 · 波罗游记》问世，向整个欧洲打开了神秘的东方之门。几百年后，意大利人唐云，用意大利文撰书，向家乡诉说中国非遗之美。

唐云，原名博尼诺 · 加博列拉（Bonino Gabriella），生于意大利都灵。她与中国的缘分，已经延续了三十多年。

18岁那年，唐云在参观巴黎吉美博物馆时被一件件精美的中国文物深深吸引，由此在心里埋下了寻梦中国的种子。1987年，唐云来到中国，在当时的北京语言学院就读，毕业后进入一家中国媒体工作。这期间，她的节目还曾获得过中国新闻奖一等奖，这段经历给她提供了一个了解中国的绝佳机会。

在媒体工作期间，唐云制作了十几期与浙江温州有关的节目，对温州留下了深刻印象。2017年，唐云来到了历史文化名城温州，在温州商学院传媒系任教。在温州工作期间，她因创作《发现温州》一书，获得了“温州市荣誉市民”称号。2020年1月，唐云来到温州瑞安，并被聘为中意人力资源产业园文化顾问，由此开始了她的“瑞安假日”。

唐云说：“瑞安是一座非常有文化的城市。永嘉学派的陈傅良、叶适都在瑞安出生，还有清末民初的孙衣言、孙诒让、陈虬等。这里还有玉海楼、利济医院、心兰学社等。从古至今，这里都有一群非常开明、非常先进的学者和企业家。”

唐云对瑞安的特色如数家珍，得益于她在中国多年的习惯—每到中国一城一地，她都要去了解那里的风土人情、历史文化。

唐云采访郑州某京剧团。Tang Yun visits a Peking Opera troupe in Zhengzhou city, Henan province.

拜访竹编传承人李道永。Tang Yun pays a visit to Li Daoyong, an inheritor of the bamboo-weaving craft.

在瑞安期间，她喜欢骑着自行车到处闲逛，在大街小巷认识了各种民间艺人和非遗传承人，有做圆木的，有做漆画的，在也有做彩石镶嵌和竹编的。她说，瑞安真是名副其实的“百工之乡”。

唐云说：“我居住的东山街道就有一位非遗传承人，是做圆木的，我经常骑车去拜访他，十分钟就到了。全世界都有‘非遗’，有和老百姓日常生活密切相关的传统工艺，我觉得会有越来越多的人重新爱上这样的传统。”

在瑞安忠义街上，唐云专门介绍起了传统印染技艺—蓝夹缬。蓝夹缬是中国传统印染“四缬”技艺之一，2011年就入选了第三批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录。这项曾广泛流传于温州的技艺也是中国雕版印染、印刷的源头。她说：“蓝夹缬是中国非常古老的一个传统工艺，它的制作工艺非常复杂，需要雕刻的模板，过程比较繁琐。”

被瑞安传统非遗文化所深深吸引，唐云干脆移居到了瑞安。从2020年4月到2021年8月，唐云与瑞安非遗保护中心合作，用意大利文撰写了《发现瑞安非物质文化遗产》一书，全书10多万字，详细介绍了64个瑞安非遗项目，涉及手工技艺类、曲艺类、民族风情类等多个领域，既有木活字印刷术、温州鼓词、藤牌舞、蓝夹缬技艺，也有瑞安竹编、瑞安角雕、瑞安高腔、曹村无骨花灯等地方特色非遗项目。

今年1月14日，《发现瑞安非物质文化遗产》一书由意大利佩德里尼出版社出版发行，并赠送给了意大利各华人集聚城市的国立图书馆，并发行电子书进行推广。唐云说：“瑞安乃至整个温州非遗的内容非常非常丰富，意大利人一定会非常喜欢。希望疫情结束后，意大利的工匠可以来这里，这里的传承人可以去意大利，互相学习。这是我最大的希望。”

谈及未来的计划，唐云说，她非常愿意继续在温州定居，因为海上丝绸之路已经成为她的下一个研究目标。她说：“超过半辈子我都在中国，已经把中国当作自己的家了。我现在正在研究海上丝绸之路，并且准备在意大利出版《发现海上丝绸之路》这本书。”

笔耕不辍，脚步不停，唐云与温州的故事，与中华非遗文化的故事，与中国的故事，还在继续。

参观瑞安非遗馆。Tang Yun visits the intangible culture heritage museum in Rui’an, Wenzhou city.

Italian Girl Living in China Has a Dream

By Zhang Guoliang

Tang Yun, also known as Bonino Gabriella, was born in Turin,Italy. Her story with China begun more than thirty years ago.

At the age of 18, Tang was fascinated by the exquisite Chinese relics on show when she visited the Musée Guimet in Paris, and an idea of visiting China one day began to grow in her young heart.In 1987, she came to China to study at the Beijing Language and Culture University and after graduation joined a local media company. During this period, her program won the first prize of the China News Award, which became an excellent access for her to learning more about China.

In 2017, Tang Yun moved to Wenzhou, a historical and cultural city, to teach at the School of Communication of Wenzhou Business School. While working in Wenzhou, she was awarded the title of “Honorary Citizen of Wenzhou” for her book. In January 2020, Tang went to Rui’an, a county-level city administered by Wenzhou, and was hired as a cultural consultant of the Sino-Italian Human Resources Industrial Park, thus starting her “Rui’an Holiday”.

Tang said, “Rui’an has such a rich cultural atmosphere. Chen Fuliang and Ye Shi of the Yongjia School were born here, as well as Sun Yizhan, Sun Yirang and Chen Qiu of the late Qing dynasty.There are Jade Sea Chamber, Liji Hospital, Xinlan Library and so on. It also had a group of very open-minded and advanced scholars, as well as entrepreneurs in those days.”

Tang’s knowledge about Rui’an is based on her habit cultivated throughout all the years she spent in China — every time she goes to a city in China, she feels the urge to learn about local customs, history and culture.

Living in Rui’an, she enjoys cycling around and meets various folk artists in different streets and alleys: from round wood carpenters, lacquer painters, to those who do colored stone inlays and bamboo weaving. She said that Rui’an is a veritable“hometown of a hundred handicrafts”.

“I live in the Dongshan Street where there is an inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, an expert with round wood. I often visit him by bike, which takes me just ten minutes. There is intangible cultural heritage

唐云参观体验国家级非遗项目蓝夹缬技艺。Tang Yun experiences Jiaxie (the Chinese blue and white itajime),a traditional dyeing technique.

all over the world, and all is closely related to people’s daily lives. I think more and more people will fall in love with traditions again,” said Tang.

On the Zhongyi Street, Tang specifically introduced Jiaxie (the Chinese blue and white itajime), a traditional dyeing technique once popular in Wenzhou and the source of China’s engraving and dyeing. “Jiaxie is a very old Chinese traditional craft, which requires very complicated processes like carving templates,” explained Tang.

Attracted by its traditional intangible heritage culture, Tang simply moved to Rui’an once and for all. From April 2020 to August 2021, Tang cooperated with the Rui’an Intangible Heritage Protection Center and wrote the bookin Italian. With more than 100,000 words, she introduces 64 intangible heritage projects in detail.

On January 14, 2022, the book was published and distributed by Pedrini Publishing House in Italy. Meanwhile an e-book edition was also issued. Tang said, “The intangible cultural heritage of Rui’an is so diverse that Italians will definitely love it. After the epidemic is over, hopefully, Italian artisans can come here while Chinese artists can go to Italy, so both sides could learn from each other. That’s my biggest hope.”