百年石屋留乡愁

文、图／苏健

巴巴沟村位于甘肃省文县玉垒乡，距今有400多年的历史。Babagou Village is located in Yulei Township,Wen County,Gansu Province,with a history of more than 400 years.

当地先民开山劈石，以石筑屋，用石头垒起了一个个遮风挡雨的家园。The local ancestors built homes sheltering them from wind and rain by cutting into a mountain,digging stones and building houses with them.

这个留存了无数乡愁记忆的村庄，正是地处大岷山山系的巴巴沟村。巴巴沟村海拔1200米左右，背靠范坝镇的让水河流域，与国家级白水江自然保护区紧紧相连。村落四周群山环抱，绿树成荫，溪水潺潺，风景优美，一年四季景不同。

村庄原有28户100余人，如今，村民已整体搬入山下公路沿线和碧口镇的新家园。或许是故土难离的情结，又或饱含念旧守宗的不舍，一些老人依然在这里守护着祖辈的印记。

据当地老人讲述，他们的祖先来自四川苍溪。明末清初时期，碧口镇繁华至极，水运非常发达，商贾云集，贸易兴隆。当时，无数的四川人逆水而上，在嘉陵江、白龙江当船夫或以拉纤为生，许多人在碧口、玉垒、范坝、店坝等地娶妻生子、繁衍生息。他们取石为材、以石当瓦，以“人”字形木架和石头垒墙的方式建成石屋。这些石屋鳞次栉比，错落有致，别具特色。山村富有建筑美感和历史人文价值，是“川之北、陇之南”民居的典型代表，保留着鲜明的农耕文明和甘川文化特点。

岁月辗转，如今，虽然再也追寻不到纤夫们的身影，但这个古村落、这些石板房却留下了他们用勤劳和智慧、心血与汗水构筑家园的记忆。走在村里的石路上，如同穿行于历史的隧道中，每一步都是那样的凝重，每一栋老屋仿佛都有一个说不完的故事，每一块石头都承载着乡愁。它们，既是子孙儿女追寻的根，亦是熠熠生辉不灭的传承。

巴巴沟村的每一栋老屋都是祖辈智慧与勤劳的见证。Every old house of Babagou Village has witnessed the ancestors’ wisdom and diligence.

行走在巴巴沟村，随处可见农家石磨等器具，它们承载着悲欢离合，传承着农耕文化。Walking in Babagou Village,you can see stone mills and other farm implements everywhere.They carry the vicissitudes of life and the farming culture.

一些老人依然在巴巴沟村守护着祖辈的印记。Some old people still guard the traces of their ancestors at Babagou Village.

On the south of the Baishui River,Yulei Township,Wen County,Gansu Province,there is a 400-year-old village dominated by stone.This village that retains numerous old memories is Babagou Village in the Damin Mountains.With an elevation of about 1,200 m,the village,with its back against the Rangshui River Basin in Fanba Town,is closely connected with the Baishui River National Nature Reserve.

The village originally had 28 households (more than 100 people).Now,villagers have moved to their new homes along the highway at the foot of the mountain and Bikou Town.Perhaps,due to a sentimental attachment to hometown or nostalgic feelings,some old people still guard the traces of their ancestors here.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,Bikou Town was bustling,with developed water transport,a galaxy of merchants and booming trade.In that period,numerous people of Sichuan went upstream,worked as boatmen or boat trackers by the Jialing River and the Bailong River.Many of them built families and lived in Bikou,Yulei,Fanba and Dianba.Using stones and tiles as materials,they built stone houses in the forms of inverted V-shaped timber frames and stone walls.These stone houses,row upon row,are well-spaced and distinctive.Showing architectural beauty and historical and humanistic value,the village is a typical representative of the dwellings in“Northern Sichuan and Southern Gansu”,and retains the distinct farming civilization and cultural characteristics of Gansu and Sichuan.

Now,we can no longer see any boat trackers.However,this old village and these stone houses retain their memory of building their homes with diligence,wisdom,effort and sweat.Walking on the stone path of the village,you may feel as if passing through the tunnel of history.Every step is so solemn;every old house seems to have a never-ending story;every stone carries nostalgia.They are not only the roots for posterity to pursue,but also a shining yet undying heritage.