聚焦连词

王茜

【考点归纳篇】

一、对并列连词的考查

1. 对表联合关系的并列连词的考查

表示联合关系的并列连词主要有：and，both... and...， neither... nor...， not only... but  also...， as well as等。如：

I am a teacher and he is a doctor. 我是老师，他是医生。

Neither I nor he has seen the film. 我没看过那部电影，他也没看过。

2. 对表转折关系的并列连词的考查

表示转折关系的并列连词主要有：but，while， still， yet， however， whereas， nevertheless等。如：

I am willing， yet unable. 我是心有余而力不足。

He worked hard. However， he failed. 他很努力，然而还是失败了。

3. 对表选择关系的并列连词的考查

表示选择关系的并列连词主要有：or， or else， otherwise， either... or...， rather than等。如：

Seize the chance， otherwise （or else） youll regret it. 抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。

He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest. 他走了，不愿呆着做个不受欢迎的人。

4. 对表因果关系的并列连词的考查

表示因果关系的并列连词主要有：so， for。如：

It is morning， for the birds are singing. 是早晨了，因为鸟叫了。

It was late， so I went home. 天已晚了，因此我就回家了。

另外，then， thus， hence， therefore等副词常可放在句首表示因果关系。如：

There has been no rain—thus， the crops are drying. 天没下雨，因此庄稼要枯死了。

Its very late; hence you must go to bed. 时间已经很晚了，因此你必须睡觉去。

二、对引导状语从句的从属连词的考查

1. 对引导时间状语从句的从属连词的考查

引導时间状语从句的从属连词主要有：when， while， as， after， before， since， till / until， once， as soon as， the moment / instant， no sooner... than...， hardly... when等。如：

Once you begin， you must go on. 你一开了头，就应当继续下去。

When it rains， I go to school by bus. 下雨时，我坐公共汽车上学。

2. 对引导原因状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有：as， because， since。如：

He didnt go to school because he was ill. 他因为生病而没去上学。

3. 对引导地点状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有：where， wherever等。如：

Where there is a will， there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。Wherever she may be， she will be happy. 无论在哪儿她都很快乐。

4. 对引导条件状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有：if，  unless， so / as long as等。如：

He will not come unless he is invited. 除非被邀请，否则他是不会来的。

Youll be late for the class if you dont hurry. 如果你不快点，你就会上课迟到。

5. 对引导目的状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有：in order that， so that， lest， in case等。如：

She took medicine on time in order that she might get well soon. 为了病快点好，她按时吃药。

6. 对引导结果状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有：so... that， such... that等。如：

He is such a good student that we all like him. 他是个好学生，我们都喜欢他。

7. 对引导让步状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有：though， although， even if， even though， however， whatever， whoever， no matter how / what / which... 等。如：

Even if you were here yesterday， you couldnt help him. 即使昨天你在这儿，你也帮不了他。

8. 对引导方式状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有：as， as if， as though等。如：

He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他讲起英语来就像英国人似的。

Use a book as a bee does a flower. 像蜜蜂利用花一样去利用书籍吧。

9. 对引导比较状语从句的从属连词的考查

引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有：as... as...， not as / so... as...， than等。如：

He works harder than before. 他比以前更努力工作了。

His elder sister is as tall as his mother. 他的姐姐和他的母亲一样高。

【易混连词比较篇】

1. when和while

两个词都可以表示“当……时”，且可以引导时间状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的;而while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。如：

He was doing his homework when I came in. 当我进来时，他正在做家庭作业。

While / When I was in the town， I saw him twice. （当）我在城里时，见过他两次。

Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。

when还可译作“这时”，而while可译作“而”。如：

He was playing football outside when it began to rain. 他正在外面踢足球，这时天下起雨来。

He is tall while his elder brother is short. 他个子高，而他哥哥个子矮。

2. though和as

两个词都可表示“虽然”，且可引导让步状语从句。though引导的从句用正常语序;as引导的从句要用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。试比较“尽管天气冷，可他仍继续工作。”的两种译法：

Cold as it was， he went on working.

Though it was cold， he went on working.

3. for， because， as和since

四个词都可表示“因为”。for是并列连词，语气最弱，是对前面分句加以解释或推断的原因。引导的分句一般置于句末，从句前要用逗号;because表示产生某结果的必有原因，语气最强，引导的从句常置于句首或句末，放在句首时通常用逗号与主句隔开;as表示原因时，语气不像because那么强，可译为“因为，由于”，引导的从句可以置于句首;since可译为“既然”，往往表示一些显而易见的原因，语气不如because的强，引导的从句常置于句首。如：

It must have rained last night， for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地面是湿的。

As she was in a bad mood， we left her alone. 由于她心情不好，我們就没去打扰她。

He is absent from school because he is ill. 因为生病，他没来上课。

Since everybody is here， lets begin. 既然大家都到齐了，我们开始吧。

【典型题例】

1. They wanted to charge ?5，000 for the car， ___ we managed to bring the price down.

A. but              B. so

C. when            D. since

2. I always take something to read when I go to the doctors ___ I have to wait.

A. in case              B. so that

C. in order        D. as if

3. —Somebody wants you on the telephone.

—___ no one knows Im here.

A. For              B. And

C. But              D. So

4. He transplanted the little tree to the garden ___ it was the best time for it.

A. where                B. when

C. that             D. until

5. He tried his best to solve the problem，

___ difficult it was.

A. however          B. no matter

C. whatever          D. although

6. It is known to all that ___ you exercise regularly， you wont keep good health.

A. unless                B. whenever

C. although           D. if

7. Allow children the space to voice their opinions， ___ they are different from your own.

A. until             B. even if

C. unless                D. as though

8. The old tower must be saved， ___ the cost.

A. however       B. whatever

C. whichever           D. wherever

9. ___ I explained on the phone， your  request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When                 B. After

C. As               D. Since

10. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely， ___ she was an only child.

A. ever since          B. now that

C. even though  D. even as

11. It was some time ___ we realized the truth.

A. when            B. until

C. since            D. before

12. You must keep on working in the evening ___ you are sure you can finish the task in time.

A. as    B. if          C. when D. unless

13. That was really a splendid evening. Its years ___ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. when            B. that

C. before               D. since

14. The American Civil War lasted four years ___ the North won in the end.

A. after            B. before

C. when           D. then

15. Unlike watching TV， reading is highly    active process ___ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.

A. until             B. but

C. unless               D. for