破解高考词汇障碍之熟词生义

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从高考考试大纲取消对考纲词汇的释义，到2020年新课程省份取消考试大纲， 新课程、新高考对学生的词汇能力要求逐步提高，其中熟词生义就是高考对学生的词汇知识与能力考查的一个重要方面。《中国英语等级量表》对高中阶段的英语学习要求为四级，其中对词汇能力的要求为：能理解语境中单词和词组的字面意义和引申意义，如“I have a headache.” 和“He is a headache.”。 由此可见，英语词汇学习仅靠简单地背诵课本上的释义已不能满足高考的要求，应尽量多地接触、理解和记忆词汇的多种常见意义。

品句会意

1.（2020·全 国 乙 卷C 篇) However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.__________

2.（2020·全 国 乙 卷D 篇) These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.__________

3. (2020·全国乙卷D篇)Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for threeand-a-half hours.__________

4.（2020·全国乙卷D篇) Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).__________

6. (2020·全国乙卷完形填空) If we admit it is a door, they'll want to go outside constantly.It will drive us crazy.__________

7. (2020·全国甲卷D篇) Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.__________

8. (2020·全国甲卷D篇) What does the author call on other writers to do? A. Sponsor book fairs.__________

9.（2020·全国甲卷七选五)In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.___________

10.(2020·全国甲卷完形填空) There，among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look nice above his dining room table.__________

11. (2020·全国甲卷完形填空) The family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.__________

国内运用小型焚烧炉处理乡村生活垃圾尚处于探索阶段，小型焚烧炉主要包括直接焚烧、气化焚烧和热解耦合焚烧3种技术路线，其中热解耦合焚烧污染排放的原始浓度最低、灰渣重金属的浸出值最小，可以解决飞灰的出路问题，是有前途的一种技术，但也需要配套烟气洗涤、飞灰收集和NOx还原设备方能满足日益严格的排放标准。小型焚烧炉潜在环境风险主要集中在烟气达标排放和飞灰安全处置方面，应该作为政府监管的重点。

12. (2020·全国甲卷语法填空) This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance.__________

13.(2020·全国甲卷语法填空) The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).__________

14.(2020·全国甲卷语法填空) They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.__________

15. (2020·全国丙卷B篇) Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,”“The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.__________

16. (2020·全国丙卷B篇)The creative team behind “Apes”used motion-capture (动作捕捉)technology to create digitalized animals,spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像).__________

17. (2020·全国丙卷C篇) Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.__________

18. (2020·全国丙卷C篇) The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.__________

19. (2020·全国丙卷C篇) “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead.__________

20. (2020·全国丙卷完形填空) I remember the first really difficult customer we had at Covent Garden.__________

21. (2020·全国丙卷完形填空) That taught me a valuable lesson and I pass it on to the people who work in the market.__________

22.(2020·全国丙卷完形填空)She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a“regular”.__________

23.(2020·全国丙卷完形填空)If a customer is rude or difficult,just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband...”___________

24.(2020·全国丙卷语法填空)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.__________

25. (2019·全国乙卷B篇) But he's nervous.“I'm here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.__________

26.(2019·全 国 乙 卷D 篇) The likables'plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.__________

27. (2019·全国乙卷七选五)Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.__________

28. (2019·全国乙卷完形填空) The crowds might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing,changing the face of Kilimanjaro.___________

29.(2019·全国乙卷完形填空)The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.__________

30.（2019·全国乙卷完形填空) This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest.__________

31.（2019·全 国 乙 卷 完 形 填 空) I count twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland desert: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.__________

32.(2019·全国乙卷语法填空) Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,leading to the illusion (错觉)that populations are higher than they actually are.__________

33. (2019·全国甲卷A篇) After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.__________

34. (2019·全国甲卷B篇) Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more...__________

35. (2019·全国丙卷B篇) Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of Chinainspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.__________

36. (2019·全国丙卷D篇) On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.__________

热词预测

单词 常见含义 生义 例句absence n.缺席；不在 n.缺乏 The case was dismissed in the absence of evidence.accompany v.陪伴 v.伴随；伴奏 The strong winds were accompanied by heavy rain.ache v.疼痛 v.渴望 He ached to see her.address n.地址 v.致函 Address your application letter to the manager.against prep.反对；违反 prep.衬托 His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.agree v.同意 v.适合(某人) The food in England doesn't agree with me.air n.空气 n.神情 He answered with an air of impatience.arm n.手臂 v.武装 She armed herself with rich knowledge.assume v.假设；认为 v.呈现；显露 This matter has assumed great importance.back n.背部 v.帮助；支持 Her parents backed her in her choice of career.balance n.平衡 n.余额 I'd like to check the balance in my account please.bare adj.裸的；光秃的 adj.仅够的；最基本的 The family was short of the bare necessities of life.bear v.承受；忍受 v.显示；带有 The document bears her signature.

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