Module 6 Old and New

词汇短语园地

1. accommodate  vt.  容纳（乘客等）

The hotel can accommodate 500 tourists.

这家旅馆可容纳五百名观光客。

The cottage could accommodate up to five people.

这间小屋最多能住五个人。

2. generate  vt.  发（电）

A dynamo is used to generate electricity.

发电机用于发电。

造成;引起

Investment generates higher incomes.

投资带来更高的收入。

This hatred was generated by racial prejudice.

这种仇恨是由种族偏见引起的。

3. freezing  adj.  冷冰冰的;极冷的

Freezing winter is harmful to orange trees.

冰冷的冬天对橘子树有害。

I must put on a warm pullover because Im freezing.

我都冻坏了，必须穿一件暖和的羊毛衫。

（1） freeze  vt.  ①使结冰;使凝固;使冻住

The cold weather froze the lake.

寒冷的天气使湖面都结了冰。

②使冻僵（或冻伤，冻死）

He was frozen stiff after sitting so long.

他坐了好长时间，人都冻僵了。

③使呆住;使战栗

She froze her noisy children with a single look.

她一瞪眼，吵闹的孩子们马上动也不敢动。

④冻结（物价、工资、资产等）;冻结（存款）

His salary was frozen at 200 dollars per week.

他的薪水固定在每周200美元的水平上。

（2） vi.  ①结冰;凝固

When the thermometer is at 0 degree centigrade， water will freeze.

當温度计降至零摄氏度时，水便会结冰。

②（用it作主语）冰冻;严寒

It froze hard last night.  昨夜有严重冰冻。

③（因恐惧等）呆住;战栗;变僵硬

She froze at the sound of a gun.

她一听到枪声就吓呆了。

4. enormous  adj.  巨大的;庞大的

enormous与huge基本同义，指在尺寸、数量或程度上“特别巨大”。

In this period， the cost will be enormous.

在这期间，损失将会很大。

Long ago enormous animals lived on the earth.

很久以前，地球上生活着巨大的动物。

She stood alone on the enormous stage.

她孤零零地站在巨大的舞台上。

5. remove  vt.  迁移;移居

Our office has removed from Qingdao to Shanghai.

我们的办公处已从青岛迁到了上海。

拿走;移动;脱掉;摘掉;除掉;排除;免职;解雇

Remove your hand from my shoulder.

把你的手从我的肩膀上拿开。

He removed his hat and gloves.

他摘掉了帽子和手套。

These reforms will not remove poverty and injustice.

这些改革消除不了贫穷和不公正。

The manager was removed from his post yesterday.

这位经理昨天被免职了。

比较：move，remove的区别

两者都可表示“移动”，区别是move强调位置和姿态的改变，remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的位置，有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居时”，两者均可用。

Please move your car; its blocking my way out.

请把你的车子移开一下，它挡住了我的去路。

He removed his desk to another office.

他把他的桌子搬到另一个办公室了。

6. name... after/for...  以……而命名

Jim is named after his father.

吉姆是以他父亲的名字起名的。

The island is named for its discoverer.

这座岛屿以其发现者的名字命名。

7. dream of  向往;梦想

I dream of having a lot of money.

我梦想着有一大笔钱。

She dreams of becoming famous one day.

她梦想有一天能够出名。

dream后面也可接that从句。

He dreamed that he could go to Peking University for further study.

他渴望能进入北京大学深造。

8. crash  vi.（飞机）失事;坠毁

Were going to crash， arent we？

我们要坠毁了，是不是？

A truck went out of control and crashed into a wall.

货车失控撞上了墙。

9. work out  解决;解答;计算出

Have you worked out this problem yet？

这个问题你解决了吗？

Can you work out how much money it will need？

你能算出将需要多少钱吗？

（如期）发生;进展（顺利）;完成;锻炼

Things just didnt work out as planned.

事情根本没有按计划进行。

People involved in it think its a nightmare， but Im sure it will work itself out.

参与者都觉得这是一场噩梦，但我相信其结局会是圆满的。

Work out at a gym or swim twice a week.

一周去健身房锻炼两次，或游两次泳。

10. date from  起源于

date from = date back to，后面都跟一个具体的时间，表示可以追溯到某个时间。

The history of public education in the United States dates from the society of the early pioneers.

美國的公共教育史起源于早期拓荒者的社会。

Our friendship dates from/back to our childhood.

我们的友谊可以追溯到我们的童年。

The Forbidden City can date back to/from the 14th century.

紫禁城可以追溯到14世纪。

11. hold back  阻止;克制（情感、情绪）;隐瞒;犹豫

No one can hold back the wheel of history.

谁也无法阻止历史的车轮。

The police had to use force to hold back the crowd.

警察不得不用武力阻止人群。

She was unable to hold back her excitement.

她按捺不住激动的心情。

Tell me the truth—dont hold anything back！

告诉我真相，什么都别隐瞒！

He held back at the last moment， and lost an excellent opportunity.

他在最后片刻犹豫了，因而失去了一个绝佳的机会。

12. come true（梦想等）变成现实

His dream will come true sooner or later.

他的梦想迟早会实现。

I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will come true.

我希望他成为钢琴家的梦想可以成真。

His wish to be an actor has come true.

他想当演员的愿望实现了。

比较：come true，realize的区别

come true表示“变为现实时”，由物作主语，不用于被动语态;realize作“实现”讲时为及物动词，可用于被动语态。

His wish was realized finally.

他的愿望终于实现了。

Our hopes will come true/be realized.

我们的希望会实现。

13. make sense  有意义;有道理

The movie doesnt make any sense.

这个电影根本就是瞎编。

It makes sense to take care of your health.

注意身體健康是明智的。

make sense of  理解;懂得

Can you make sense of what this writer is saying？

你能理解这位作家说的话吗？

14. bring an end to  结束;终止

The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the traditional aboriginal way of life.

白人的到来使传统的土著生活逐渐结束了。

The Great Depression brought an end to economic expansion and social progress.

大萧条结束了经济扩张和社会进步。

（1）bring... to a stop  使……停止;使……停住

The driver brought his Audi to a sudden stop.

司机突然把他的奥迪车停了下来。

（2）bring... to a close/an end  使……结束;使……完结

At last they brought the Marathon race to a close.

最后，他们结束了马拉松比赛。

A Big Head

A boy cried to his mother， “All the children make fun of me. They say I have a big head.”

“Dont listen to them，” his mother said. “You have a beautiful head. Now stop crying and go to the store to buy twenty pounds of potatoes.”

“Where is the shopping bag？”

“I havent got one. Use your hat.”

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

A

People

People is Americas No.1 magazine about fascinating people. Its a guide to who and whats hot in the arts， science， business， politics， television， movies， books， music and sports. It is published weekly.

Publisher： The Time Inc. Magazine Company

Cover Price： $211.47

Our Price： $117.00

Issues （期数）： 53 issues/12 months

Lucky

Lucky is the shopping magazine with the best buys， and the fashion tips youll need before you hit the stores. What makes Lucky really different is that it gets you the information you need before anyone else has it.

Publisher： Conde Nast Publications Inc.

Cover Price： $35.40

Our Price： $15.00

Issues： 12 issues/12 months

Parents

The most trusted magazine for parents who want to raise smart， loving and self-confident children. Each issue has age-specific child-development guidance， advice on your childs health and safety， and the best ways to encourage your childs learning.

Publisher： Meredith Corporation

Cover Price： $42.00

Our Price： $9.97

Issues： 12 issues/12 months

Entertainment

This magazine covers movies， television， music， Broadway stage productions， books， and popular culture. Unlike celebrity-focused magazines like People， its main concentration is on entertainment media and reviews. Its intended for a more general audience.

Publisher： The Time Inc. Magazine Company

Cover Price： $199.50

Our Price： $38.95

Issues： 62 issues/12 months

1. Which magazine comes out every week？

A. People. B. Lucky.

C. Parents. D. Entertainment.

2. What makes Lucky so special according to the text？

A. It has lots of cartoons.

B. It has pictures of stars.

C. It has information no one else has.

D. It tells you where to find good deals.

3. The underlined words “celebrity-focused magazines” probably refer to magazines focusing on ___ .

A. hot events and famous stars B. festivals and celebrations

C. political events D. daily life

4. Readers will save the most money if they buy ___ .

A. People B. Lucky

C. Parents D. Entertainment

B

The past few years found me working long hours at my marketing job while my husband， Steven， put in equally full days as a physics tutor. The weekends were spent photographing weddings and portraits. While we were able to save some money， we were both burned out from the constant tiring work.

We felt the need for both renewal and vacation experiences. So， in January， we set out on a seven-month， cross-country road trip to visit all 61 National Parks in the United States.

Steven was ready to dive headlong into the unknown， while I， someone who enjoys more planned fun， had to adapt （適应）. I was amazed at how easily I turned to be a more relaxed version who wasnt worried where to park or sleep. We both became so accustomed to sleeping in the van， despite the foreign sound outside， which we eventually let fade into white noise.

Over the course of our seven-month trip， several interruptions changed our route， including the government shutdown， which left the first 10 parks inaccessible. Another time， I fell ill and lost my voice right as we were heading to the Virgin Islands National Park.

Positively， while weve done photography professionally for years， this trip really helped us grow in our skills. From rapidly trying to shoot dolphins to lining up panoramic （全景的） shots， this trip was a photographers dream. I never dared out into complete darkness to photograph nights capes， but the views of the Milky Way we managed to shoot were well worth it.

One of our big goals on this trip was to come away from each park with one spectacular image， something that pushed us both to become better artists in the process. That shared goal placed us on the same team： It brought us together， gave us more to talk about， and encouraged us to motivate each other along the way.

5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1 about the couple？

A. They enjoyed their life. B. They were poor.

C. They worked hard. D. They were both teachers.

6. Why did the couple take such a trip？

A. To look for a job.

B. To take some photos of parks.

C. To get away from exhausting work.

D. To make money by photographing.

7. What made the couple miss the first 10 parks？

A. The bad weather.

B. The authors illness.

C. The change of route.

D. The government shutdown.

8. What did the couple get unexpectedly from the trip？

A. They caught some dolphins.

B. They bettered their relationship.

C. They got unforgettable experiences.

D. They improved their photographing skills.

跟踪导练（二）

完形填空

I was born in a poor family. When I was1by Tehran University， I made a（n）2for student loans （贷款）. It was the first time I had had so much3and it felt very good.

When I graduated， I had no4 ， and I had $ 30，000 in debt. I thought my life was really5 . In order to pay the bills， I had to look for a job.6 ， I finally got a job. However， after working for a while， I lost all my confidence because I was always7myself with my workmates. During that time， I used shopping as a way of getting away from negative8 . However， after shopping， I was9by the large amount of money I had10 . I became worried again. In order to throw away my11 ， I would go out and shop even more.

One day， I read a book and realized how12my life had become. I began to go through the things I13and decided to give some of them to people in14 . Four days later， to my surprise， I1512 bags of things in all. From then on， I started to spend my time enjoying nature， going to the gym or reading.

As a16shopaholic （購物狂）， I find that it is a good idea to17only with friends or partners who are not shopaholics. Why？ Because they can help you18your spending. Whats more， finding other ways of enjoying your19time is also important to20the cycle of using shopping as a way of trying to feel better about yourself.

1. A. accepted B. called C. listed D. supported

2. A. wish B. request C. excuse D. argument

3. A. fun B. education C. money D. courage

4. A. friend B. family C. car D. job

5. A. hopeless B. useless C. endless D. careless

6. A. Surprisingly B. Fortunately C. Gradually D. Actually

7. A. connecting B. replacing C. enjoying D. comparing

8. A. effect B. side C. replies D. feelings

9. A. frightened B. moved C. shocked D. encouraged

10. A. spent B. saved C. lent D. made

11. A. habit B. worries C. weight D. bills

12. A. terrible B. normal C. strange D. wonderful

13. A. wanted B. paid C. wrote D. owned

14. A. need B. turn C. danger D. doubt

15. A. left B. received C. collected D. bought

16. A. great B. serious C. patient D. confident

17. A. share B. play C. live D. shop

18. A. control B. clear C. count D. decide

19. A. quiet B. short C. free D. happy

20. A. continuing B. organizing C. repeating D. breaking

语法填空

The Internet has brought the convenience of shopping at our own home. However， experts believe there is a danger

1long-term online shopping can develop mental （精神的） illness. Researchers from the Hannover Medical School in Germany have called it “Buying Shopping Disorder” （BSD）， and they say this condition should2（recognize） as an illness. Dr Astrid Muller said， “It really is time3（pay） attention to BSD and study knowledge about it.”

Dr Muller and her colleagues researched the data4 （collect） on online shopping the other day. Their research focused on 122 patients who looked for5（treat） for BSD. She discovered that younger people tend to develop it and experience greater levels6anxiety and depression （沮喪）. Whats more， people with BSD7（easy） show negative behaviors. These include spending a large amount of money buying things they dont need for the sake of instant satisfaction， and8（end） up in debt. Some experts say BSD9（influence） five percent of population up to now and that it is greatly harmful to people，10can destroy marriages， relationships， mental health， etc.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟踪导练（三）

阅读理解

A

Oliver always talked with his good friend Peter on the phone. After graduation， they kept in touch with each other now and again and shared what they were working on， from which they could get encouragement and inspiration. One day， Peter shared with him the idea of “I have to” and “I get to”. “Anytime you wish to feel grateful and positive， change your ‘I have to mind into ‘I get to，” Peter said to Oliver.

Later， Oliver taught non-native speakers English， and every Monday afternoon he would travel across the town to where his student lived.

As usual， when Oliver was about to go out， the sky became dark. Feeling upset， he began the dialogue in his mind： “Its going to rain soon. If only I could stay at home to have a rest. But I have to go out to teach English.” However， suddenly， the conversation with Peter came flooding back to him. Therefore， he tried to change his thought， “I get to go out to teach English.” Then， he realized that gratitude （感激之情） hit him in a way hed never felt before.

For the first time in a very long time， Oliver felt gratitude for the chance he could feel the beauty of nature and for the fact that he was still fit enough to walk. Not only that， he felt gratitude for his student， because Oliver could help to improve his English—a glory he had overlooked （忽略） before. In the past， he just thought that he taught English for making money. After changing minds， he realized that he could give others a hand.

That night， Oliver called Peter. “The idea of turning ‘I have to into ‘I get to is the key to change my attitude and my mood. It makes me pay attention to the bright side of things and live a positive and happy life，” Oliver said.

1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？

A. To talk about Peters idea.

B. To offer the background information.

C. To describe the importance of friendship.

D. To introduce the reason for changing minds.

2. Why was Oliver unwilling to teach English that afternoon？

A. He felt very tired.

B. He had a headache.

C. The weather became bad.

D. Peters words made him sad.

3. What does the underlined word “glory” in Paragraph 4 mean？

A. Honor. B. Chance.

C. Choice. D. Decision.

4. How did Oliver think of the idea of “I get to” according to the last paragraph？

A. Special. B. Guiding.

C. Challenging. D. Typical.

B

When I was 13， my bedroom walls were covered with posters of the Monkees and Beatles. I wrote fan letters and daydreamed about meeting the objects of my affections. I asked for my parents to let me attend every rock concert and watch every TV show featuring my favorite celebrities; my friends and I discussed for hours all the things we would say and do when we met our favorite movie stars and pop singers. I drove my mother crazy！ But after a few years， my obsession （迷戀） with the stars disappeared gradually as I grew and gained the confidence to socialize with “real” boys.

In the 35 years since I was a teenager， celebrity worship （崇拜） has increased among teens due to the explosion of television celebrity gossip shows， and instant access to celebrity news on the Internet. Its no wonder that many teens are obsessed with stars when news programs are often filled with entertainment stories and the lives of celebrities.

Celebrity worship syndrome （综合征） is now considered a personality disorder.

While it is normal for teenagers to follow the lives of their favorite stars， parents should try to track everything their child finds interesting. Parents should take action if they find a teen is too obsessed with celebrities and showing little interest in school or withdrawing from the family. When teens talk a lot about celebrities and view them as just means of entertainment， this is considered normal celebrity worship. However， when a teenager is obsessed with a star and often expresses his wish to have a close personal relationship with a celebrity， this may be the time for concern. Recent studies have shown that teens who develop an unhealthy obsession with celebrities often suffer from low self-confidence and depression. Teens who are overly obsessed with stars often have damaged relationships with their parents.

5. What is the authors idea about celebrity worship according to Paragraph 1？

A. Its normal for a teen to have it.

B. It can cause serious problems.

C. Parents worry about it a lot.

D. It only exists among teens.

6. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？

A. The media greatly contributes to celebrity worship today.

B. Teens today are not so obsessed with celebrities.

C. The author is worried about celebrity worship.

D. Celebrities expose their lives too much.

7. Parents should become concerned when their children ___ .

A. talk a lot about celebrities with others

B. ask to go to their favorite stars concert

C. put up celebrity posters in their bedrooms

D. want a close personal relationship with the star

8.What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph following the text？

A. The harm of celebrity worship syndrome.

B. More signs of celebrity worship syndrome.

C. What to do with childrens celebrity worship syndrome.

D. Who will suffer most from celebrity worship syndrome.

跟蹤导练（四）

阅读七选五

How to Change the World

You want to change the world， but you arent sure where to start. First， remember that changing the world can mean so many different things.

· Understand whats wrong. 1 The world is such a big place， so you wont be able to change much if you dont understand whats going on out there. Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad.

· Know that change doesnt come overnight. 2 Try to live your values each day， even if you dont see much appreciable change on a day-to-day level. Work hard and dont give up.

· Start small. Find ways to make a difference every day. It may feel as though you are just one tiny part of a huge system. At first， you almost certainly will be. Be patient. 3 Try to put your activism into practice and make it a reality.

· 4 Write letters to newspapers; post an article， video， or idea on the Internet. If you think that it is important and worthy of attention， try to raise awareness （意识） by telling as many people as you can.

· Consider a career （事业）. Think about which sort of job might put you in the best position to change the world.   5  There are a lot of ways to get paid for adding value to the world. Start researching to find jobs in fields that make you feel valuable.

A. Read the news.

B. Spread the word.

C. All things begin small.

D. Remember that you dont need to do it alone.

E. You could be a teacher， a reporter， or something else.

F. There are other， less public ways to show your support.

G. Dont expect to change the world with one big heroic act.

1.   2.   3.   4.   5.

完形填空

During a mid-autumn holiday with my family at a fishing spot， I saw a fish being1 ， hopping （跳躍） out of the waters surface， making every effort to2 .

I could see that the3was an expert for he4to leave it struggling （挣扎） in the water so as to work off its5 . Right at that moment， I held my6 . With every move it made， I became more and more7 .

Finally， the fish， the fighter， ran out of8and it was caught in the experts fishing net. When it was9out of the net， it again started to struggle with all of its strength. Still， the expert fisherman was there to wait for it to become10 . The fighter stopped hopping in only a couple of minutes. My feelings were11 . I appreciated its strength and braveness but at the same time felt sorry about its sad12 .

Suddenly， I heard a sound of something dropping into the13 ： the fighter itself had turned the tables！

Yes， the fish14 . After pretending that it had run out of all of its strength， it had rolled back into the river.

I15the fighter from the bottom of my heart when it made it. Of course not every fish is as16as this one. However， they all17hard just to survive. Even though they can be more18hurt compared to us human beings， Im amazed at how such a little fish tried so hard to19its own life. Wouldnt people who dont realize the20of life feel ashamed after seeing such creatures struggle to survive？

1. A. eaten B. killed C. freed D. caught

2. A. move B. survive C. swim D. run

3. A. fisherman B. farmer C. worker D. cleaner

4. A. hoped B. learned C. decided D. expected

5. A. time B. anger C. weight D. energy

6. A. opinion B. breath C. plan D. record

7. A. careful B. surprised C. nervous D. disappointed

8. A. power B. use C. food D. control

9. A. pulled B. carried C. driven D. thrown

10. A. worried B. exhausted C. afraid D. hungry

11. A. mixed B. terrible C. unclear D. hidden

12. A. news B. choice C. ending D. action

13. A. net B. water C. sea D. hole

14. A. waited B. disappeared

C. floated D. succeeded

15. A. thanked B. loved C. admired D. trusted

16. A. lucky B. small C. fresh D. pretty

17. A. learn B. fight C. pull D. jump

18. A. quickly B. directly C. repeatedly D. easily

19. A. save B. finish C. enjoy D. improve

20. A. truth B. beauty C. importance D. quality

跟蹤导练（五）

阅读理解

The Golden Gate Bridge was the longest bridge in the world from 1937 when it was completed until the Verrazano Narrows Bridge was built in New York in 1964. Today， it is still the ninth longest bridge in the world.

For many years before the Golden Gate Bridge was built， the only way to get across San Francisco Bay was by ship. And by the early twentieth century the Bay was crowded because of them. In the 1920s， engineer and bridge-builder Joseph Strauss believed that a bridge should be built across the Golden Gate to solve the problem.

Many groups went against him， each for their own selfish reasons. Besides， the engineering challenge was also huge—the Golden Gate Bridge area often has winds of up to 60 miles per hour， and strong ocean currents （洋流） sweep below the surface. If all that werent enough， it was the middle of the Great Depression （大萧条）， and funds were hard to find.

Strauss didnt give up， and the Golden Gate Bridge history began when San Francisco officials approved （批准） $35 million to build the Golden Gate Bridge. After the artistic design and red color were chosen， construction work began in 1933. The Golden Gate Bridge project was completed in 1937， an important date in San Francisco history.

Strauss was a pioneer in building safety. The Bay Bridge， which was being built at the same time cost 24 lives while the Golden Gate Bridge cost only 12， a great achievement in a period of time when one man was killed on most construction projects for every million spent.

1. What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge？

A. It remained the worlds longest bridge for 30 years.

B. It was the widest bridge worldwide when completed.

C. It is of the same age as the Verrazano Narrows Bridge.

D. There are only 8 bridges worldwide longer than it now.

2. Why did Strauss want to build the Golden Gate Bridge？

A. To show his artistic ability.

B. To build the worlds longest bridge.

C. To solve traffic jams at San Francisco Bay.

D. To make crossing San Francisco Bay possible.

3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. The bad weather in the area of it.

B. The necessity for building the bridge.

C. The hard time of the Great Depression.

D. The difficulties in building the bridge.

4. Which word can best describe Strauss？

A. Honest. B. Patient.

C. Warm-hearted. D. Strong-minded.

閱读七选五

If you are like most international students， you are probably pretty comfortable reading and writing in English.

1 Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills.

Make friends with American students. Many international students end up making friends with a lot of—or only—other international students. 2 Hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English， but also helps you pick up cultural and social information.

Learn from American friends. Tell your American friends that you are trying to improve your listening and speaking skills， and would like them to help you. If you pronounce a word incorrectly， or misuse an idiom （习语）， you can ask them to guide you. 3

Increase your knowledge. 4 If you have been exposed to topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation， you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk， and of being able to express yourself well.

5 If you have to explain something to someone， you have a strong motivation （动机） to pronounce everything as well as you can， and find other ways to explain yourself. Finally， this becomes a good habit. Many people have asked me how I learned to speak English fluently， and I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college for years.

A. It is bad for them to do that.

B. You will make progress this way.

C. If possible， become a teacher at your school.

D. Explaining everything in a different way counts.

E. Its a win-win opportunity for international students.

F. Keep up with news and watch popular shows and movies.

G. You may have trouble in listening and speaking in the

language， however.

1.   2.   3.   4.   5.

跟踪导练（六）

选词填空

用方框里單词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。

narrow poem history freeze date fog

crash remove construct ridiculous  canal global

1. The traditional friendship between our two peoples ____ back to ancient days.

2. The 20-kilometre-long subway is so far Guangzhous largest  ____ project.

3. There are plans to widen the ____ section of the road.

4. Nowadays the ____ are still playing a very important part in the transport of goods by water in our country.

5. He is writing a ____ novel about nineteenth-century France.

6. The examination was ____ easy.

7. London is a rainy and ____ city in Britain.

8. The airplane ____ west of Denver last night.

9. It was late on a ____ January night three years ago that Michael Menson made his final journey.

10. In big cities， ____ the rubbish is never that simple.

句子翻译

1. 莎莉，你现在所说的话毫无意义。（make sense）

2. 恐怕他的希望很难实现。（come true）

3. 我从学生时代开始就爱好集邮。（date from）

4. 警察阻拦不住人群。（hold back）

5. 我们必须结束他们无休止的争论。（bring an end to）

短文改错

Zhou Yan is the Senior Three student. Last week， he goes to see a doctor because of his arms and fingers hurt. The doctor told him the fact he had a “mobile phone disease”. Zhou sent messages for his friends with his mobile phone all the time， even in bed. Zhou started to do badly in all the exam for he spent so many time on his mobile phone. He didnt stop use the mobile phone until his arms hurt. Yang Ling， which is an expert from a health center， said students should try to use their mobile phones less， especial at school.

书面表达

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Amy最近给你发来一封邮件，询问你家乡最近几年发生的变化。请你用英语给她回信，内容包括：

1.写信意图;

2.介绍家乡（环境、交通等方面的变化）;

3.欢迎她来游玩。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

The Development of Robots

机器人的发展

Robots， becoming increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world， are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention. Most of todays robots are employed in the automotive industry， where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies.

机器人在所有发达国家的工厂日益普及，人们对它们进行编程和设计，使其在无人情况下执行工业任务。现今，大多数机器人用于汽车工业，人们对其编程，从事如汽车和卡车车身焊接、喷漆之类的工作。

What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine？ Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. As an example， a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next. Automatic machine， on the other hand， are not capable of many different uses; they are built to perform only one task.

是什么使机器人变成机器人而不是其他的自动化机器呢？机器人与自动化机器的区别在于：机器人完成一项特定工作后，它们可以被电脑重新编程去执行另一项任务。比如，一个机器人做了一个月的点焊，可以被重新编程，并在下个月转向喷漆。相反，自动化机器却没有许多不同的用途，它们只能执行一项任务。

The next generation of robots will be able to see objects， will have a sense of touch， and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots. With the ability to “see”， robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robot vision system used electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light from an object such as a machine part strikes the camera， the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of a grayscale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges from 0 to 15， and another from 0 to 255. The 0 is represented by black. The highest number is white. The numbers between are represented by different shades of gray. The computer then makes the calculations and converts the numbers into a picture that shows an image of the object in question.

下一代机器人将能看见物体，具有触觉，能做出关键性的决定。精通微电子和电脑技术的工程师正在为机器人开发人造视力，有了“看”的能力，机器人就能从一堆不同的材料中鉴别检查出具体的某一类物体。机器人视觉系统采用包含多行感光材料的电子数码相机。当一个物体上的光，如机器零件，照射到相机上时，敏感材料就可测量出光的强度，把光线转换为一组数字。这些数字是灰度系统的一部分，其亮度由一系列数值测量。一个刻度范围是0到15，另一个是0到255。0用黑色表示，最高值用白色，其间的数值用不同的灰色阴影来表示。然后计算机进行计算，并将数字转换为表明该物体形象的图像。

Engineers are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers， giving robots a sense of touch. Some engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard defective parts in finished products. To do this， the robot will also have to be capable of identifying those defective parts.

工程技術人员正在设计和试验新型金属手臂和手指，使机器人具有触觉。一些工程人员正在编写新的程序，使机器人能做出决定，诸如是否丢弃成品中有缺陷的零件。要做到这点，机器人还必须具有鉴别有缺陷零件的能力。

These future robots， assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions， will have plenty of work to do. They can be used to explore for minerals on the ocean floor or in deep areas of mines too dangerous for humans to enter. They will work as gas station attendants， firemen， housekeepers， and security personnel. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

集触觉、视觉和做决定能力于一体的未来机器人将会做大量工作。它们可以用于探测海底的矿物，或者探测对人类来说太危险而不能进入的矿井深处。它们可以做加油站服务人员、消防人员、房屋管理员和安全人员的工作。任何想了解未来工业的人必须懂得机器人技术。