加强卫生合作，中国—东盟“疫”不容辞

黎敏

“新冠肺炎疫情对人类生命和经济造成了巨大的损失，人们比以往任何时刻都更加关注健康，更关注经济安全与健康之间的联系，我认为这次新冠肺炎疫情创造了一个独特的时刻和机会，让我们做出改变，以更好地迎接未来挑战。”2020年11月，第17届中国—东盟博览会框架下的“健康丝绸之路”建设暨第三届中国—东盟卫生合作论坛（以下简称第三届卫生论坛）在中国南宁如期举办，世界卫生组织西太区主任葛西健在论坛上这样说道。

第三届卫生论坛的举办，是落实《中国—东盟关于新冠肺炎问题特别外长会联合声明》的具体举措。论坛上各方聚焦“疫题”，不仅收获了中国—东盟卫生合作的新成果，达成了继续携手“抗疫”的共识，更提出了中国—东盟卫生未来合作的“中国倡议”。

聚焦抗疫，中国—东盟卫生合作再添新成果

中国—东盟卫生合作从无到有，已建立起卫生部长会议、高官会议机制，搭建了卫生合作论坛这一重要交流合作平台。卫生健康合作已经成为中国—东盟合作中重要的合作领域。

“新冠肺炎疫情再次表明，中国与东盟是休戚与共的卫生健康命运共同体。疫情发生后，中国与东盟率先开展区域抗疫合作，在共同努力下，经贸合作克服疫情影响实现稳定增长，这正是双方卫生合作渠道畅通，合作基础稳固的有力印证。”中国国家健康委主任马晓伟说。

东盟秘书长林玉辉也积极评价中国—东盟卫生合作机制在集体应对大流行病方面的有力作用。他指出，疫情暴发后，中国—东盟在病毒的预防检测和应对方面共同努力，通过东盟现有的各种卫生平台积极分享、更新关键技术与信息，如基因组序列、治疗经验、治疗防控措施等等。

而举办第三届卫生论坛也是中国—东盟加强抗疫合作的重要举措之一。自论坛筹办以来，各方高度关注。受疫情影响，第三届卫生论坛采取“线上+线下”的形式举行，主题为“团结合作，共建中国—东盟卫生健康共同体”。论坛发布了《第三届中国—东盟卫生合作论坛倡议》，签署了中国印尼卫生合作执行计划，取得了多项务实合作成果。

据悉，本届论坛还新增“卫生应急合作”“食品安全与营养健康合作”2个分论坛。它们与另外4个分论坛一起，围绕相关主题，在疫情防控、口腔医学、传统医药、医院管理、卫生应急、食品安全与营养健康等领域与东盟各国嘉宾和学者展开交流研讨，同期还举办了中国—东盟卫生合作论坛成果展。

共迎疫情挑战，他们有话说

疫情肆虐并未阻隔中国—东盟开展卫生合作的渠道和热情，反而进一步夯实了各方加强健康合作的意愿。第三届卫生合作论坛上，来自中国、东盟国家、地区国际组织的代表团全部由部长级官员领衔，使其成为历届论坛中参会代表最全、部长级官员最多、内容最丰富的一次论坛。会上，我们不仅听到了各方要求团结合作、共迎疫情挑战的迫切呼声，也听到了各方对疫苗及新合作机制的期待。

菲律宾卫生部部长弗朗西斯科·杜克表示：“疾病没有国界，因此我们需要开展国际合作，让国际社会更有韧性和凝聚力。新冠肺炎疫情对经济社会造成了巨大的冲击，从中我们也看到健康问题实际上是发展的中心，而全民健康覆盖将是我们复苏发展的重中之重和关键。”

事成于和睦、力生于团结，这次新冠肺炎疫情以一种特殊的形式告诫世人，人类是荣辱与共的命运共同体。“在重大的危机面前，没有任何一个国家可以依靠自己的力量独自战胜疫情，团结合作才是人间正道，无论是抗疫，还是复工复产，恢复经济，都要走开放合作的道路。”中国国家卫生健康委员会副主任于学军这样说道。

随着新冠肺炎疫苗研发取得重大进展，各国都热切盼望着疫苗的投产与普及。老挝卫生部部长本贡·西哈冯表示，老挝期待着进一步和东盟其他成员国以及中国加强合作，推动新冠肺炎疫苗的问世。“全世界都急需新冠肺炎疫苗，在此背景下，中国—东盟应该加强合作，保证新冠肺炎疫苗能够公平、公正地惠及所有人。”泰国副总理兼卫生部长阿努廷·参威拉军说。

而在“后疫情时代”，复工复产成为当务之急。据林玉辉介绍，目前，东盟已制定《东盟全面恢复框架协议》，并希望得到中国的支持。马来西亚卫生部部长拿督斯里阿汉·峇峇则期待，未来能建立东盟区域医疗用品储备中心、东盟公共卫生紧急情况和新发疾病中心，以免其后给医疗系统带来更大负担，并为今后的其他流行疾病做好准备。

“世界正处于一个转折点，新冠肺炎疫情不会是世界上最后一次或最嚴重的‘大流行，在应对不断变化的健康威胁时，我们必须调整、创新我们的战略，并提升政策的灵活性，以让我们的人民过上更美好、更健康的生活。”新加坡卫生部部长颜金勇这样说道。

加强中国—东盟卫生合作的“中国倡议”

在既有成绩的基础上，马晓伟对中国—东盟卫生合作在未来的发展，提出了三点倡议：

一是积极对接卫生发展战略，促进地区卫生发展。马晓伟说：“中方愿与东盟就卫生发展战略和规划进行充分交流与对接，进一步推动《2015年后东盟卫生发展议程》与《健康中国2030规划纲要》相互融合，充分发挥本地区传统医药优势，加强卫生体系建设，提升全体健康覆盖水平，共同推动实现《联合国可持续发展议程》卫生相关目标。”

二是加强传染病联防联控，更好维护地区的安全和卫生。中方愿与东盟各国进一步加强公共卫生和卫生应急策略的沟通协调，探讨建立中国—东盟公共卫生应急联络网络，加强信息通报和共享，开展卫生应急联合桌面演练，共同提高《国际卫生条例》核心能力和应对突发公共卫生事件的能力，携手应对新发再发传染病和跨境突发公共卫生事件等卫生安全挑战。

“中国积极推动新冠肺炎疫苗成为全球公共产品，将在疫苗研制完成并投入使用后积极考虑东盟国家的需求。中国加入新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划，未来5年向全球疫苗免疫联盟捐献2000万美元，以实际行动促进疫苗的可及性和可负担性，为促进本地区人员流动和经济复苏做作出贡献。”马晓伟说，“三是深化人才培养和技术合作，推动地区卫生创新。”

The 3rd CAFHC was one of the measures to strengthen China-ASEAN cooperation on fighting against the COVID-19. The Forum has attracted a lot of attention since the stage of preparation. Due to the COVID-19， the Forum was held both online and offline under the theme of “Build a China-ASEAN Community of Shared Health with Unity and Cooperation”. Many practical results were achieved in the Forum such as the publishing of Initiative of the 3rd China-ASEAN Forum on Health Cooperation and the signing of the implementation plan of China-Indonesia health cooperation.

It is reported that two panel sessions of “Health Emergency Cooperation” and “Food Safety and Nutrition Health Cooperation” were also held at this Forum. Guests and scholars from ASEAN countries communicated and shared a lot of information in such fields as epidemic prevention and control， stomatology， traditional medicine， hospital management， health emergency， food safety， and nutrition health. The China-ASEAN Health Cooperation Forum Achievements Exhibition was also held at the same time.

Strong wills and passionate voices in facing the challenges brought by the COVID-19

Although the epidemic is raging， it neither closes the cooperation channels of China-ASEAN Health Cooperation nor curbs the passion in cooperation. On the contrary， these countries have stronger will to enforce the health cooperation. At the 3rd Health Cooperation Forum， delegations from China， ASEAN countries， and regional international organizations were all led by ministerial officials， making it the most successful forum with the largest number of participants and ministerial officials. The Forum witnessed the urgent calls of all parties for unity and cooperation in coping with the COVID-19 and expecting vaccines and new cooperation mechanisms.

“Disease knows no borders， and international cooperation needs to be carried out to make a more resilient and cohesive international community. The COVID-19 epidemic has caused a huge impact on the economy and society， from which we can see that the health issue is critical to the development. The key and priority of economic recovery is to realize a full medical care coverage，” said Francisco Duque， Philippine Secretary of Health.

People should seek for harmony and unity. The COVID-19 gave a special warning to the world. People all over the globe share the weal and woe. Yu Xuejun， Deputy Director of Chinas National Health Commission， said， “Confronted with such a crucial crisis， no country can overcome the epidemic on its own. Therefore， unity and cooperation are the key. We should adhere to opening and cooperation in fighting against epidemic， resuming work and production and restoring the economy.

With a significant progress in the research and development of the COVID-19 vaccine， all countries are eagerly looking forward to the volume production and mass use of the vaccine. According to Bounkong Syhavong， Lao Minister of Health， they look forward to further cooperation with other ASEAN member states and China to promote the birth of the COVID-19 vaccine. Anutin Charnirakul， Thailands Deputy Prime Minister and Health Minister said， “People all over the world need the COVID-19 vaccine urgently. Hence， China-ASEAN should strengthen cooperation to ensure that the vaccine can benefit all the people fairly and impartially.

In the post-epidemic era， the work and production resumption has become an urgent issue. According to Lim Jock Hoi， ASEAN is formulating the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Recovery of ASEAN and looking forward to Chinas support. Dato Sri Dr Adham bin Baba， Malaysias Minister of Health， showed his expectation to build the ASEAN regional medical supplies reserve center and the ASEAN public health emergency and emerging disease center in the future， for fear that the epidemic will lay more burdens on the medical system. Whats more， they will be well-prepared for other epidemic diseases in the future.

“The world is right at a turning point， while the COVID-19 will not be the last or the most serious epidemic in the world. In response to ever-changing health threats， we must adjust and innovate our strategy and improve policy flexibility， in order to enable a better and healthier life，” said Gan Kim Yong， Singapores Minister of Health.

“Chinese Initiative” to enhance China-ASEAN health cooperation

On the basis of earlier achievements， Ma Xiaowei has put forward three initiatives according to the future development of China-ASEAN Health Cooperation.

The first initiate emphasizes actively docking health development strategy and promoting regional health development. According to Ma Xiaowei， China is willing to conduct full exchanges with ASEAN on health development strategy and planning， to further promote the integration of ASEAN Health Development Agenda after 2015 and Program for the Health of China in 2030， and to give full play to the advantage of traditional medicine in this region. That is how we can strengthen the construction of health system， improve the level of the entire health coverage and jointly promote the implementation of the health related objections in UN Sustainable Development Agenda.

The second initiative aims to strengthen joint prevention and control of infectious diseases to better safeguard regional safety and health. China is ready to work with ASEAN to further strengthen the communication and coordination of public health emergency strategies. We explore the establishment of China-ASEAN public health emergency contact network to notifying and sharing information. Furthermore， we also carry out health emergency joint drills to improve the core capacity of the International Health Regulations and the ability to deal with public health emergencies. We should make joint efforts to handle with the health and safety challenges of emerging infectious diseases and cross-border public health emergency.

According to Ma Xiaowei， the third initiative is to deepen personnel training and technology cooperation to promote regional health innovation. China will actively promote the COVID-19 vaccine to become a public product in the world， and meet ASEANs needs after the completion and application of the vaccine. China has joined the implementation plan of COVID-19 vaccine， and it will contribute US$ 20 million to the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization in the next five years to promote the accessibility and affordability of vaccines through real action and contribute to the promotion personnel mobility in this region and economic recovery.

These initiatives are responses to some ASEAN countries concerns in docking health development strategy and vaccine research and development， and they also expressed these countries sincerity in fighting against the epidemic and transmitted a positive energy of opening and cooperation.

China-ASEAN should face with the epidemic crisis through cooperation. Just as Ge Xijian said， “Only when the people in this world are safe shall we be truly safe.”