深化中国—东盟产能与投资合作，可着眼“四个新”

钟霜霞

现下，新冠肺炎疫情持续席卷全球，多国经济发展正遭遇着前所未有的挑战。为在“一带一路”框架下进一步深化中国—东盟产能合作，推动区域经济复苏，在第17届东博会框架下，南宁举行了中国—东盟产能与投资合作论坛。

论坛上，与会嘉宾围绕“深化产能合作，应对共同挑战”的主题，话成效，提倡议，进一步肯定了开展产能与投资合作在直面当前危机中的积极作用。

中国—东盟产能合作持续加码，成果喜人

据中国国家发展和改革委员会副主任、国家统计局局长宁吉喆介绍，目前，中国—东盟产能与投资合作稳步向前，取得诸多成效。

在政策沟通方面，近年来中国与东盟国家积极落实《中国—东盟产能合作联合声明》，共同打造融合度更高、带动力更强、受益面更广的产业链、价值链。中国与柬埔寨、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、新加坡、越南等国签署了产能合作和第三方市场合作的有关协议，实现了互利共赢。

在重大项目推进上，中国与东盟各国统筹推进各大合作项目的疫情防控和工程建设，目前中老铁路土建工程已完成54%，线上的铺轨完成了40%。中泰铁路合作项目一期线下土建工程建设顺利推进，线上工程合同已经签署。中印尼雅万高铁已进入全面快速建设阶段，全线土建工程完成了约70%。马来西亚东部沿海铁路、柬埔寨金边西哈努克港高速公路项目都在稳步建设中。

而广西作为中国—东盟开放发展的前沿门户，近年来，在产能合作、产业对接、平台搭建等方面也取得了一系列的丰硕成果，走在了中国—东盟产能与投资合作队伍的前列。

“广西大力推动、主动参与国际产能合作，对外合作的区域遍布五大洲的80多个国家和地区，投资领域涵盖冶金、汽车制造、工程基建、电子信息等装备制造业。2016～2020年，广西境外投资中方协议投资额年均增长32%，其中东盟国家是广西境外投资主要的目的地。”广西壮族自治区人民政府常务副主席秦如培介绍道，“中马钦州产业园区与马中关丹产业园区‘两国双园开创了国际产能合作的新模式。大马联合钢铁年产350万吨钢铁厂、上汽通用五菱印尼制造基地等一大批标志性的产能合作项目在海外相继建成和投产，中柬农业促进中心、文莱摩拉港等一批合作平台取得积极进展。”

聚焦产能与投资合作的“四个新”

2020年是中国—东盟自由贸易区全面建成10周年，11月15日，15个国家共同签署了《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）。多边自贸协定的制度安排，越来越证明各国是休戚与共的命运共同体，团结合作是应对挑战的必然选择。“只有合作共赢才能办大事，办好事，办长久之事。”秦如培说。

我们必须看到，进一步加强中国与东盟国家国际产能与投资合作，共同构建更加强健、安全的产业链、供应链，有利于各国面对复杂多变的国际形势，有利于推动东盟国家经济复苏和增长，有利于促进区域经济发展和世界经济复苏，也有利于我们共同应对新冠肺炎疫情的挑战，具有重要的现实意义和实际作用。如何进一步深化中国—东盟产能与投资合作？宁吉喆提出了四个“新”：

一是构建开放、包容的区域经济合作新格局。“我们将秉持共商、共建、共享的理念，遵守当地法律法规和文化风俗，遵循经济发展的客观规律，加强交流对接，推进合作共赢。”宁吉喆说。

二是打造强健的区域合作新链条。中国和东盟开展产能合作重在讲究时效、付诸行动，双方应继续加强共建“一带一路”倡议和东盟发展规划的对接，落实好RCEP，发挥澜湄合作、东部经济增长区域合作等多边机制，以及共建“一带一路”国际产能合作等双边机制的作用。加强政策沟通协调，密切标准资质等交流对接，打通壁垒，优化资源配置，发挥各国比较优势，在基础设施、制造业、农业、医疗等重点行业推动形成更加互补互助的区域产业链。在确保防疫安全的基础上共同建设好地区快捷通道和綠色通道网络，加强交通、能源、信息等基础设施互联互通合作，积极开展跨境电商之智慧物流合作，完善和提升物流体系功能效率，形成强健安全的区域供应链。

三是激发创新引领的区域发展新动力。当前，世界正处于新一轮科技革命和产业变革的历史关口，双方应努力打破制约知识、技术、人才等创新要素流动的壁垒，扩大企业技术交流合作，推动共建联合实验室、研发中心、科技园区等，重视知识产权保护，加强数字经济、人工智能、智慧城市、新一代通讯技术、医疗等领域的创新合作，以创新的力量抗击新冠肺炎疫情。同时稳步推进金融合作创新，鼓励在贸易投资中扩大使用本币结算，在控制风险的基础上优化国际投融资金融产品，为合作项目提供多元化的融资来源。推动项目合作模式的创新，积极开展第三方市场合作，实现利益共享、风险共担。

四是培育区域经济绿色廉洁发展的新增长点。加强生态文明建设是区域合作的必然趋势，我们应倡导绿色、低碳、循环、可持续的生产生活方式，扩大生态环保领域合作，在尊重国际规则、国际惯例和东道国环保法律法规的基础上将绿色发展理念贯穿到产能与投资合作当中。同时继续加强国际反腐合作，营造廉洁、公平的营商环境，更好地保障市场主体的合法利益。

中国开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大。当前，挑战与机遇并存，挑战中蕴含机遇，“2021年是中国和东盟建立对话关系30周年，中方期待和各方共同努力，不断深化产能与投资合作，防范化解各类风险挑战，共同构建更加开放、更加具有韧性的区域产业链、供应链，为区域经济恢复增长和发展繁荣做出更大的贡献，为世界经济复苏和可持续发展注入更多动力。”宁吉喆这样说道。

With the constant sweeping of the COVID-19 through the globe， multinational economic development is facing unprecedented challenges. In order to further deepen China-ASEAN cooperation in production capacity under the Belt and Road and promote regional economic recovery， China-ASEAN Production Capacity and Investment Cooperation Forum was held under the framework of the 17th CAEXPO.

At the forum， with the focus on the theme of “Deepening Production Capacity Cooperation and Coping With Common Challenges”， participants talked about the achievements， proposed suggestions， and further affirmed the positive role of production capacity and investment cooperation facing the current crisis.

China-ASEAN production capacity cooperation continues to upgrade， achieving gratifying results

According to Ning Jizhe， Deputy Director of Chinas Development and Reform Commission and Director of the National Bureau of Statistics， at present， China-ASEAN cooperation in production capacity and investment has made steady progress and achieved many results.

In terms of policy communication， in recent years， China and ASEAN have actively implemented the China-ASEAN Joint Declaration on Production Capacity Cooperation， jointly building industrial chains and value chains with deeper integration， stronger driving forces and wider benefits. China has signed agreements with Cambodia， Laos， Malaysia， Myanmar， the Philippines， Singapore， Vietnam and other countries on production capacity cooperation and third-party market cooperation， realizing common interests and mutual benefits.

On major projects， China and ASEAN countries have coordinated the prevention and control of major cooperation and construction projects， such as completing 54% of the China-Laos Railway and 40% of the track laying. Besides， the construction of offline civil engineering of the phase-one China-Thailand Railway cooperation project has been smoothly promoted， and the online project contract has been signed. The Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway linking China and Indonesia has entered the stage of comprehensive and rapid construction， and about 70% of the civil works of the whole line have been completed. The construction of Malaysias eastern coastal railway and Cambodias Phnom Penh Sihanouk Port expressway are being implemented steadily.

In recent years， Guangxi， as the frontier gateway of China-ASEAN open development， has also made a series of fruitful achievements in production capacity cooperation， industrial docking， platform construction， etc.， taking the lead in China-ASEAN production capacity and investment cooperation.

“Guangxi vigorously promotes and actively participates in international production capacity cooperation， covering more than 80 countries and regions in five continents， with investment fields in metallurgy， automobile manufacturing， engineering infrastructure， electronic information and other equipment manufacturing industries. From 2016 to 2020， the amount of overseas investment in Guangxi increased by 32%， among which ASEAN countries are the main destination of Guangxis overseas investment，” said Qin Rupei， Executive Vice Governor of the Peoples Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. “China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park and Malaysia-China Kuantan Industrial Park， namely ‘Two Countries， Twin Parks， have created a new mode of international production capacity cooperation. A large number of landmark capacity cooperation projects have been completed and put into operation overseas， such as the Alliance Steel （M） Sdn. Bhd.， with an annual output of 3.5 million tons and the Indonesian manufacturing base of SAIC GM Wuling. Positive progress has been made in a number of cooperation platforms such as the China-Cambodia agricultural promotion center and Brunei Muara Port.”

Third， stimulate the new driving force of regional development driven by innovation. At present， the world is at the historical juncture of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. Both sides should strive to break the barriers restricting the flow of innovative elements such as knowledge， technology and talents， expand technological exchanges and cooperation between enterprises， promote co-construction of joint laboratories， R&D centers and science and technology parks， attach importance to the protection of intellectual property rights， and strengthen innovative cooperation in digital economy， artificial intelligence， smart city and communication in a new generation， and fight against the COVID-19 with innovation. At the same time， we should steadily promote financial cooperation and innovation， encourage local currency settlement in trade and investment， optimize international investment and financing  products on the basis of risk control， and provide diversified financing sources for cooperative projects. Besides， we need to promote the innovation of project cooperation modes， actively carry out the third-party market cooperation， and realize shared interests and risks.

Fourth， cultivate a new growth point for the green and clean development of regional economy. Strengthening the construction of ecological civilization is an inevitable trend of regional cooperation. We should advocate green， low-carbon， circular and sustainable production and life style， expand cooperation in ecological and environmental protection， and integrate the concept of green development into production capacity and investment cooperation on the basis of respecting international rules， international practices and environmental protection laws and regulations of the host country. At the same time， we should continue to strengthen international anti-corruption cooperation and create a clean and fair business environment， to better protect the legitimate interests of market entities.

Chinas door of opening up will not be closed and will only be opened even wider. At present， challenges and opportunities coexist， and we can see opportunities in challenges. “2021 will mark the 30th anniversary of the establishment of dialogue between China and ASEAN. China looks forward to working with all parties to continuously deepen production capacity and investment cooperation， prevent and resolve various risks and challenges， and jointly build more open and more resilient regional industrial chains and supply chains， so as to make greater contributions to the recovery of regional economic growth， development and prosperity and inject more impetus into the global economic recovery and sustainable development，” said Ning Jizhe.