埃里克 · 欧文 · 莫斯

简介 Biography

埃里克•欧文•莫斯出生于加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶，并在那里长大。他在加州大学洛杉矶分校取得文学学士学位，并在加州大学伯克利分校环境设计学院和哈佛大学设计研究生院取得建筑学硕士学位。

埃里克欧文莫斯建筑师事务所于1973年成立。该事务所总部位于卡尔弗城，目前已经完成了美国和世界各地的项目。还出版了22部关于该事务所工作的专著，EOMA项目获得了140多个地方，国家和国际设计奖项。莫斯还获得了许多著名的荣誉，包括：1999年美国艺术和文学学院建筑奖；2001年美国建筑师协会金奖；2003年加州大学伯克利分校杰出校友奖；2007年阿诺布鲁纳奖，表彰杰出的建筑设计历史；2011年英国皇家建筑师协会詹克斯奖；2014年美国国家科学院入职培训；2016年奥地利总统在霍夫堡宫举行的仪式上授予其奥地利科学和艺术荣誉勋章；2017年中国鄂尔多斯北斗大师奖；2019年瓜达拉哈拉Arpafil奖。

《时代》杂志将维斯珀丁列为2018年世界上最值得参观的地方之一，并在2020年“连接点——新城”上获得了美国建筑师协会廿五周年建筑作品奖。根据美国建筑师协会的说法，“廿五周年建筑作品奖”给大家展示了开创先例的建筑。该奖项授予一座经过25-35年时间考验的建筑，并继续为其建筑设计和意义设定卓越的标准。埃里克•欧文•莫斯还获得了芝加哥雅典娜博物馆，欧洲建筑艺术设计和城市研究中心颁发的2020年美国建筑奖。该奖也被称为路易斯•亨利•沙利文奖，是为了表彰那些“在美国建筑史上给予新方向”的杰出美国实践者。

莫斯曾在世界各大高校任教，包括哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、哥伦比亚大学、维也纳应用艺术大学和哥本哈根皇家学院。他长期担任南加州建筑学院（SCI-Arc）教授，并在2002-2015年间担任院长。2013年，莫斯获得美国未来设计学会颁发的“最受尊敬的教育家奖”，2006年获得“美国建筑师协会教育家奖”。

Eric Owen Moss was born and raised in Los Angeles, California.He received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of California at Los Angeles, and holds Masters Degrees in Architecture from both the University of California at Berkeley, College of Environmental Design and Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design.

Eric Owen Moss Architects was founded in 1973.The Culver City-based officehas completed projects in the United States and around the world.There are 22 published monographs on the work of the office, and EOMA projects have garnered over 140 local, national, and international design awards.Moss has received numerous prestigious honorsincluding: Academy Award in Architecture from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, 1999; AIA|LA Gold Medal, 2001;Distinguished Alumni Award from the University of California, Berkeley, 2003; Arnold W.Brunner Memorial Prize, recognizing a distinguished history of architectural design, 2007; Jencks Award by the Royal Institute of British Architects, 2011; National Academy induction, 2014; Austrian Decoration of Honor for Science and Art from the Austrian President during a ceremony at Hofburg Palace, 2016; Beidou Master Award in Ordos, China, 2017; Arpafil Award in Guadalajara, 2019.

Time Magazine listed Vespertine as one of the World’s Greatest Places to Visit in 2018, and in 2020 Conjunctive Points – The New City was awarded the AIA Twenty-five Year Award.Per the AIA, “the Twenty-five Year Award showcases buildings that set a precedent.The award is conferred on a building that has stood the test of time for 25-35 years and continues to set standards of excellence for its architectural design and significance.” Eric Owen Moss was also awarded the 2020 American Prize for Architecture from the Chicago Athenaeum and European Centre for Architecture Art Design and Urban Studies.The prize, also known as the Louis H.Sullivan Award,recognizes offices and practitioners that have “emblazoned a new direction in the history of American Architecture.”

Moss has held teaching positions at major universities around the world including Harvard, Yale,Columbia, University of Applied Arts in Vienna, and the Royal Academy in Copenhagen.He has been a longtime professor at the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc), and served as its director from 2002-2015.He received the Most Admired Educator Award from the Design Futures Council in 2013, and The AIA|LA Educator of the Year in 2006.

建筑创造的三种理论 Three Theories to Make Architecture

佩内洛普 天空之洞 有轨电车

佩内洛普是奥德修斯的妻子。她一直在等待丈夫的归来，在一群不怀好意的追求者的追逐下，佩内洛普为莱尔提斯的葬礼织了一件裹尸布。白天织，晚上再把它拆开。织了拆，拆了又织。前进一步又后退一步。提前完成又返工。完成后又有未完成的。

这就是“佩内洛普理论”。这就是建筑。

从前有个萨克斯管演奏家，他住在一个名为伯克利的大学城的地下室里。当他演奏他的音乐时，混合的声音扩展了他的音域，超出了他曾认为他的世界的极限。天空被刺穿。天空之上，是另一片天空。另一片天空被戳破了，在那之外还有一片天空。如此持续。没有极限。这就是“天空之洞”。这就是建筑。

19世纪时出现了美商。为我们提供了一些新兴的东西。一种我们不知道的物质。一种我们不认识的形式。无拘无束。我们必须将该部件添加到建筑的词典中。不是将其作为一种意识形态。也不是一种对产生它的技术过程的吹捧。而是现代故事的一部分。一个丰富的视觉库。将其加到曲目里。

这就是“有轨电车理论之美”。这就是建筑。

Penelope Hole in the Sky Railroad Car

Penelope is Odysseus wife.Long awaiting the return of her husband, pursued by a group of malevolent suitors, Penelope knits a shroud for Laertes’ funeral.Knits it during the day.Takes it apart at night.Assembly and disassembly.Progress and regress.Advance and retreat.Finish and unfinished.

The Penelope Theory.That’s architecture.

There once was a saxophone player who lived in a basement in a college town called Berkeley.As he played his music the admixture of sounds extended his range, exceeded what once appeared to be the limits of his world.The sky was punctured.And there was another sky above.And that was punctured and there was yet another sky beyond that.And on and on.No limits where limits had been.

The Hole in the Sky Theory.That’s architecture.

The 19th century added to the beauty quotient.Offered something nascent.A materiality we didn’t know.A form we didn’t recognize.Unfettered.We have to add that component to architecture’s lexicon.Not as ideology.Not as adulation for the technical process that produced it.But a piece of the contemporary story.A rich visual repository.Add it to the repertoire.

The beauty of the Railroad Car Theory.That’s architecture.