选修8第1单元重点单词

倪慧琴

1. elect [I̍lekt] vt.

❶ 选举;推选

elect sb. as/to be... 选某人担任……

She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate. 她成为第一个被选进参议院的黑人女性。

He was elected as MP for Oxford East. 他被选为牛津东区的议员。

❷ 选择;决定（做某事）

Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home nowadays. 现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。

易混辨析

elect， select， choose与pick

这些动词均有“挑选”之意。elect指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真而慎重的选择; 也指选择做某事，通常后接动词不定式; select为较正式用词，指经过认真考虑后，从很多的人或物中精选出最好的、最中意的，有时具有庄严、正式的感情色彩;choose指根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行挑选，侧重于被选者的优点或优良特性; pick多指从个人角度仔细挑选，可以是随意或慎重地进行选择，常用于口语。

【试题链接】

The school board is made up of parents who_______  to make decisions about school affairs.

Key： have been elected

2. boom [bu：m]

❶ vi. 发出隆隆声;快速发展;繁荣;激增

Business is booming. 商业正日趋繁荣。

The tower clock boomed out twelve. 塔楼上的大钟沉重地敲了十二下。

❷ vt. 使繁荣;使迅速发展

Foreign investments boomed the city. 国外投资使这个城市迅速繁荣起来。

❸ n. 隆隆声;繁荣;激增

This boom in adult education， in turn， helps to raise the intellectual standard of the whole country. 而成人教育热反过来又促进了整个国家知识水平的提高。

The boom of the 1980s led to a taste for petrol-guzzling cars. 20世纪80年代的繁荣使人们喜欢上高油耗的汽车。

【试题链接】

Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in a fast food_______  and a younger generation s desire to spend more time at home.

Key： boom

3. occur [ə̍kɜ：] vi.

❶ 发生;存在;出现

Frosts often occur in November. 霜冻经常出现在十一月份。

There will come a time when the crisis will occur. 危机总有一天会爆发。

短语：occur to发生在;被想起

It occurred to me that I could have the book sent to me. 我想到可以让人把书寄给我。

The same idea had occurred to Elizabeth. 伊丽莎白也想到了这个主意。

易混辨析

occur， happen与take place

occur， happen和take place三者都可以表示“发生”之意，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。occur为较正式用词，可指意外地发生，也可指意料中的发生; happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的发生; take place通常指某事按计划进行或按计划发生。

【试题链接】

I was only two when the incident_______ .

Key： occurred

4. indicate [̍IndIkeIt]

❶ vi. 表明;显示

Record profits in the retail market indicate a boom in the economy. 零售市场上有史以来的最高利润显示出经济的突飞猛进。

❷ vt. 象征;暗示

A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day. 夜空呈紅色往往预示第二天天气晴朗。

Early results indicate that the government will be returned to power. 早期的结果预示这个政府将重新执政。

❸ vt. 指示;示意

She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. 她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。

He indicated where the furniture was to go. 他指示家具要如何摆放。

【试题链接】

Forms will be available in school and online for them to_______  their choices and return to school.

Key： indicate

5. slip [slIp]

❶ vi. 滑;倒;滑落;滑离

The fish slipped out of my hand. 鱼从我手里滑了下去。

She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg. 她在冰上滑倒把腿摔断了。

The child slipped from his grasp and ran off. 他一把没抓牢，让那孩子跑掉了。

The ship slipped into the harbour at night. 船在夜间悄然进港。

❷ vi. 无意中说出;被泄露

His secret has slipped out. 他的秘密被无意中说了出来。

❸ n. [C] 失误;口误;过错;过失;疏漏

Because of a slip by a fellow agent， he was captured. 由于他的伙伴疏忽大意，他被逮捕了。

There mustn t be the slightest slip. 不能有半点差池。

❹ n. [C] 事故; 意外

There s many a slip. 意外事情很多。

Everyone was expecting a slip-up. 每个人都认为会有意外产生。

【试题链接】

If she should_______ ， she would fall between the sleepers， into the rapidly flowing stream.

Key： slip

6. hire [̍haIə]

❶ vt. 雇用

Sixteen of the contestants have hired lawyers and are suing the organizers. 有16名参赛者已经请了律师，正在起诉主办方。

❷ vt. （短期）租用

To hire a car you must produce a passport and a current driving licence. 租车须出示护照及有效驾照。

❸ n. 租赁（业）;出租（业务）

They booked our hotel， and organized car hire. 他们为我们订好了旅馆，并安排了租车事宜。

❹ n. 可供出租

Fishing tackle is available for hire.有钓具可供出租。

易混辨析

hire 与employ

hire意为“雇用，聘用”，指短期雇用某人，在美式英语中并不强调期限; employ意为“雇用，聘任”，为较正式用词，一般指正规机构、大公司等聘用职员。

【试题链接】

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program， students are_______  each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service.

Key： hired

7. nowhere [̍nəʊweə]

❶ adv. 任何地方都不（not anywhere）

I m going nowhere until you are back. 你回来之前我哪儿都不去。

Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet beautiful place. 世界上再没有这样恬静、优美的地方了。

❷ n. 无处

We could find nowhere to park the car. 我们找不到地方停车。

from / out of nowhere 不知来自哪里

He came from out of nowhere into national fame. 他从默默无闻一下子变得举国闻名。

get / lead nowhere没有结果

Such methods will get you nowhere. 这些方法将不会产生结果。

【试题链接】

I m not sure who is more frightened， me or the female gorilla （大猩猩） that suddenly appears out of_______ .

Key： nowhere

8. reform [ri̍fɔ：m]

❶ vt. & vi. 改革;改过自新

reform an unfair system 改革不公正的制度

The criminal has promised to reform. 这名罪犯许诺要改过自新。

❷ n. [ C， U ] 改革;改造

social / political reform 社会/政治改革

The party embarked on a programme of economic reform. 这个政党开始进行经济改革。

派生词

? reformer n. 改革家

He is a militant reformer. 他是一个激进的改革家。

❷ reformation n. 改进;革新

He devoted his energies to the reformation of science. 他致力于科学的革新。

【试题链接】

Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer_______ .

Key： reform