重点单词
1. allow v. 允许;准许
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
Mr Smith allows Mike to drive there.
史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。
He should be allowed to have a break.
应该允许他休息一下。
2. deal n. 协议;交易
make/do a deal (with sb) (与某人) 达成一笔交易
deal n. 大事;要事
Its not a big deal.
這没什么大不了的。
3. communication n. 交流;沟通
Doctors do not always have good communication skills.
医生不一定都具备良好的沟通能力。
communicate v. 交流;沟通
communicate with sb 与某人交流 (信息、消息或意见等)
The couple cant communicate with each other.
这对夫妇彼此无法沟通。
4. argue v. 争吵;争论
argue with sb (about/over sth) (为某事)与某人争辩
Were always arguing with each other about money.
我们总是为钱吵嘴。
argument n. 争论
have an argument with sb 与某人争论
5. elder adj. 年纪较长的
注意:elder主要表示长幼顺序,尤指家庭成员的长幼顺序。
He is my elder brother.
他是我的哥哥。
辨析:elder和older
这两个词均是old的比较级,在用法上有所区别。
(1)elder表示“前辈的;年纪较长的”,仅用于家庭成员之间的比较;older则不限于此。
My younger son is five and my elder son is nine.
我的小儿子5岁,大儿子9岁。
Tom is two years older than Mary.
汤姆比玛丽年长两岁。
(2)elder只能用来指人;older既可指人,也可指物。
My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.
我哥哥年仅15岁就参了军。
This dog is older than any other dog here.
这只狗是这里最老的狗。
6. instead adv. 代替;反而;却
instead 为副词,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。
He didnt reply. Instead, he left the room.
他没有回答,反而转身离开了房间。
Last summer I went to Qingdao. This summer Im going to Dalian instead.
去年夏天我去了青岛,今年夏天我要去大连。
7. offer v. 主动提出;自愿给予
offer侧重主动或愿意给予。
常用结构:offer sb sth 给某人提供某物
offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
She offered me a cup of tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
Its very kind of you to offer to help us on the weekend.
你周末主动帮我们,你真是太好了。
8. explain v. 解释;说明
explain+that/what/why... 解释……
explain sth (to sb) (向某人) 解释某事
Can you explain what this means?
你能解释一下这个的意思吗?
Please explain it to me.
请你向我解释一下吧。
9. return v. 归还;回来;返回
She left South Africa at the age of 15 and has never returned.
她15岁时离开南非就一直没回去过。
(1)return v. 归还;退还
return sb sth=return sth to sb 把某物归还给某人
Dont forget to return me the keys.
别忘了把钥匙还给我。
(2)return v. 返回;回到 (出发地)
return to+地点名词
Blair will return to London tonight.
今晚布莱尔将返回伦敦。
10. compete v. 竞争;对抗
Hes hoping to compete in the singing contest.
他期盼着参加歌唱比赛。
compete against/with sb 与某人竞争
We cant compete with them on price.
我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。
competition n. 比赛;竞赛
11. compare v. 比较
We compared the two reports carefully.
我们仔细地比较了两个报告。
compare... with... 把……和……做比较
compare... to... 把……比作……
He never compares himself with others.
他从来不拿自己和别人做比较。
People often compare the life to a stage.
人们常把人生比作一个舞台。
重点短语
1. work out 成功地发展;解决
Is it possible to work out the problem?
有可能解决这个问题吗?
Mike worked out the difficult problem by himself.
迈克自己算出了那道难题。
2. get on with 和睦相处;关系良好
注意:get on with相当于get along with。
The child doesnt get on well with others.
那个小孩不合群。
3. cut out 删除;删去
You should cut out these unimportant details.
你应当删除这些不重要的细节。
活学活用
1. My ____ brother is 8 years ____ than my younger
sister. (old)
选词填空。
argueinsteadexplain
2. The TV shows are boring. Why not play cards ____?
3. I dont want to ____ with you. Its a waste of time.
4. Please ____ to her how to use a computer.
5. We dont allow ____ in our offices, but we allow
people ____ in the smoking rooms.
A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; smoking
C. to smoke; smoking D. smoking; to smoke
基本語法
一、如何提建议
可以用Why dont we/you do sth? 来提出建议,表示“何不……?”
缩略形式: Why not do sth?
Why dont we stay here another day?
我们为什么不在这儿再待一天呢?
二、连词 until, so that, although/though 的用法
1. until
until表示“直到……为止”。
(1)until用于肯定句中,主句谓语动词只能是延续性动词,表示动作或状态的持续。
(2)until引导时间状语从句,当主句用一般将来时时,从句用一般现在时。
(3)not until (与否定词连用) 直到……之前,直到……才。
The hot weather lasted until September.
炎热的天气持续到了九月。
I will stay here until he comes.
我会等到他来为止。
I didnt wake up until I heard the alarm clock.
直到听到闹钟铃声我才醒来。
2. so that
so that 用来引导目的状语从句,意为“以便,为了”。 so... that 用来引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于”。
He got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.
今天早上他早起,以便能赶上早班车。
He got up so early this morning that he caught the early bus.
今天早上他起得非常早,这样就赶上了早班车。
3. although/though
although的意思是“尽管,虽然”,用来引导让步状语从句,在一般情况下可以和though互换,但though比较口语化,而although较为正式。当although或though引导的从句放在句首时,主从句之间要用逗号隔开。
Although I gave him some advice, he didnt take them.
虽然我给了他一些建议,但他没有采纳。
Though he tried hard, he was not successful.
虽然他尽力而为,但他没有成功。
注意:although和though都不能和but在同一个复合句里连用。