庆祝澜湄合作机制四周年暨2020年“澜湄周”澜湄国家开放包容、合作共赢、协调发展结硕果

杨艳

瀾湄合作历程

History of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation

2012年，泰国提出澜沧江-湄公河次区域可持续发展倡议，中方给予积极回应。

2014年11月，第17次中国-东盟领导人会议上，建立“澜沧江-湄公河对话合作机制”被首次提出，受到湄公河五国热烈响应。

2016年3月23日，澜湄合作首次领导人会议在海南三亚成功举行，会议以“共饮一江水，命运紧相连”为主题，发表了《澜沧江-湄公河合作首次领导人会议三亚宣言—打造面向和平与繁荣的澜湄国家命运共同体》，宣告澜湄合作机制正式启动。

2018年1月10日，澜湄合作第二次领导人会议在柬埔寨金边举行，六国领导人一致同意将每年3月23日首次领导人会议召开的那一周确定为“澜湄周”。

2020年1月16日，澜湄合作第十次外交联合工作组会在重庆举行，柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国、越南工作组长参加。会议回顾了2018年12月第四次外长会以来澜湄合作进展，讨论了未来合作方向。

2020年2月20日，澜湄合作第五次外长会在老挝万象举行。会议通过了《澜湄合作第五次外长会联合新闻公报》。六国外长明确表示，鼓励“陆海新通道”建设与澜湄流域经济发展带对接，连接中国中西部大市场与充满生机的东盟市场，增强经济韧性，促进产业融合，确保供应链效率，推动澜湄地区高质量和可持续发展。

2020年3月23日，第三个“澜湄周”如期而至。转眼间，澜湄合作已经走过四个春华秋实。这个因水而生、因水而兴的合作机制在澜湄各国辛勤灌溉下，不断茁壮成长、开花结果，从快速拓展期进入了全面发展期。

澜沧江-湄公河合作Lancang-Mekong Cooperation（简称：澜湄合作LMC）是中国与湄公河五国—缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨、越南，共同发起和建设的新型次区域合作平台，旨在深化六国睦邻友好合作，促进次区域经济社会发展，缩小地区国家发展差距，助力东盟一体化建设和地区一体化进程，为推进南南合作、落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程作出新贡献。

澜湄流域是亚洲乃至全世界最具发展潜力的地区之一。澜沧江和湄公河一水二名，是一条重要跨国河流。该河上游发源于中国青藏高原，源头在中国青海玉树境内，在我国境内称为澜沧江，经云南出境后被下游国家称作湄公河，依次流经缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨、越南，全长4880公里，流域面积79.5万平方公里，澜湄六国山水相连，人文相通，传统睦邻友好深厚，安全与发展利益紧密攸关。

澜湄六国共同为澜湄合作机制创建的“3+5合作框架”，通过合作概念文件，确定政治安全、经济和可持续发展、社会人文三大支柱，以及互联互通、产能、跨境经济、水资源、农业和减贫五个优先合作方向，实施了许多惠及民生的项目，为全面长期合作奠定了坚实基础。

4年来，澜湄合作已发展成为湄公河次区域最具活力和潜力的合作机制之一，形成了“开放包容、合作共赢、协调发展”的澜湄理念，打造了“领导人引领、全方位覆盖、各部门参与”的澜湄格局，培育了“发展为先、务实高效、项目为本”的澜湄模式，弘扬了“平等相待、真诚互助、亲如一家”的澜湄文化。

On March 23， 2020， the third Lancang-Mekong Week was launched. In what seemed to be just a blink of an eye， Lancang-Mekong Cooperation has already been initiated for four years. Thanks to the efforts made by Lancang-Mekong countries， the cooperation mechanism， which was initiated because of the river and then thrives on river， continues to thrive and bear fruits. It has now entered a stage of all-round development from the stage of rapid growth.

Lancang-Mekong Cooperation （LMC） is a new sub-regional cooperation platform jointly initiated and developed by China and five countries along Mekong River including Myanmar， Laos， Thailand， Cambodia and Vietnam. LMC aims at deepening the good-neighborly and friendly cooperation among the six countries， bolstering the economic and social development of the sub-regional countries， narrowing the development gap among regional countries and supporting ASEAN community building as well as advancing South-South cooperation and promoting the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .

The Lancang-Mekong area is one of the regions with the greatest development potential in Asia and beyond. Lancang and Mekong differ in names， but they refer to the same river—an important river running across countries. Originating from Chinas Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， the river has its source in Yushu of Qinghai Province. It is called Lancang River in China， while in its downstream after flowing out of Yunnan Province， it is called the Mekong River， running across Myanmar， Laos， Thailand， Cambodia， and Vietnam， measuring 4，880 kilometers in length and covering an area of 795，000 square kilometers. Linked by mountains and rivers， the six LMC countries feature cultural similarities， enjoy profound traditional good neighborliness and friendship， and share closely inter-connected security and development interests.

LMC has established a "3+5 cooperation framework" and adopted the concept paper for cooperation. LMC has identified the three cooperation pillars of political and security issues， economic and sustainable development， and social， cultural and people-to-people exchanges as well as the five key priority areas， namely， connectivity， production capacity， cross-border economic cooperation， water resources， agriculture and poverty reduction， and implemented many projects beneficial to the people， which have laid a solid foundation for all-round and long-term cooperation among LMC countries.

Over the past four years， the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation has developed into one of the most dynamic and promising cooperation mechanisms in the Mekong sub-region. It is featured by the concept of openness and inclusiveness， win-win cooperation and coordinated development， by the pattern of the leaders' guidance， all-round cooperation and broad participation， by the mode of high efficiency and focus on concrete projects， and by the culture of equality， sincerity， mutual assistance， and affinity.