人际关系

吴安运

文体概述

人际关系是指人与人之间的交往，涉及与家人、朋友、邻居、亲戚或他人的情感交流或沟通，如师生关系、父子关系、同学关系等;对他人的感谢、理解、道歉、赞扬等;请求他人同意、寻求他人帮助、处理矛盾冲突等。

以下几个具体话题值得关注：

1. 就“如何构建和谐班集体”谈谈你的看法。

2. 描写你和同学们是怎样建立起友好关系的。

3. 描写你和父母亲（老师、朋友）目前的关系。

4. 谈谈你理想中的亲子（师生、朋友等）关系是怎样的。

模板范文

An ideal relationship between parents and children is very important for our growth. Parents always show love and concern for us. They are our good listeners， advisers and supporters. With their help， we can overcome many difficulties in our life.

In my opinion， the relationship between parents and children should be filled with love， care and understanding， in which parents and children show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely. To build a relationship of this kind， parents should become friends of their children while children ought to place more trust in their parents and give voice to their feelings frankly.

Only in this way can we enjoy a harmonious relationship between parents and children.

經典句型

A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our study. 良好的师生关系对我们的学习很重要。

They find it easy to communicate with their teachers. 他们发现和老师沟通很容易。

We should value this harmonious relation-ship between teachers and students.  我们应该珍惜师生之间这种和谐的关系。

Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. 善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。

To build a good relationship， we should trust in each other. 要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。

Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship. 只有这样我们才能享有平等的关系。

Being polite is the first and most important step to develop a good relationship among friends. 有礼貌是培养朋友间良好关系的第一步，也是最重要的一步。

We can work wonders if we unite as a family， caring for each other and helping those in need. Unity is strength. 如果我们团结起来，像一个大家庭一样，彼此关心互助，我们就能够创造奇迹。团结就是力量。

典例链接

（2012·江苏卷）生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张。请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。

注意：

1. 对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译;

2. 词数150左右;开头已经写好，不计入总词数;

3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.____________________________________________________________

【试题解读】

1. 审题立意

这篇书面表达要求考生根据所提供的信息向校报投稿，所涉及的内容为如何处理日常生活中的冲突，这与考生日常生活息息相关。通过写作考生应思考在学习、生活和娱乐过程中所遇到的冲突，学会如何理性地对待冲突，学会和他人和谐相处，从而培养良好的个性品质。

写作任务中所提供的要点涉及三个方面的内容，要求考生将这些写作要点逐一陈述，但表格仅提供了部分内容，其中有不少内容需要考生自己进行发挥，即这是一个半开放式的写作任务。如此设置写作任务的目的是要考生对冲突加以思考，分析产生冲突的原因，想出合理的避免冲突的办法，宽以待人，从而和别人和谐相处。

2. 写作要点

①简要描述冲突的经过：在打篮球过程中发生碰撞，然后争执。

②分析发生冲突的原因：遇事不够冷静、过于看重比赛、过于自私等。

③提出避免冲突的做法：以良好的心态对待运动或比赛，尊重自己也尊重他人，宽容地对待他人，学会体谅，保持克制和冷静，等等。

3. 注意事项

①按照写作任务应写全写作要点，防止遗漏。

②事情经过应略写，主要笔墨应放在分析发生冲突的原因及避免冲突的做法上。

③分析产生冲突的原因时应合理，不能牵强附会。

④谈论避免冲突的做法时应切实可行。

【佳作赏析1】

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. There is no exception in school.① A conflict between my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang occurred during the basketball game when they both tried to catch the ball， resulting in fierce knocking. Then followed shouting and a terrible conflict at last.②

Frankly speaking， not only Su Hua but also Li Jiang was to blame. Both of them cared so much about themselves that they were only eager to win the game and just ignored others' feelings， thus not being able to stay calm.③They forgot that in competitive games， knocking is very common.

There is no escaping the fact that we may get into conflicts now and then.④ They can be avoided， though⑤. In our daily life， everyone should learn to forgive others， thinking on others' sides. Besides⑥， we should learn to respect others. In fact⑥， respecting others is respecting ourselves. Furthermore⑥， staying calm and learning self-control are of great significance.

亮点分析：

本篇文章全面覆盖了题干中的所有要点，没有遗漏。习作亮点是多个高级表达，如“There is no exception in school.”、“There is no escaping the fact that...”、so...that...状语从句和thus连接的状语等。though用作副詞的用法也不失为一个亮点。当然，考生对于冲突产生的原因分析及提出的避免冲突发生的做法均合情合理，观点鲜明，且不人云亦云，有其匠心之处。

①此句实际是一个过渡句，引出对“我的同学”在打篮球时发生的冲突的叙述。其中exception是一个高级词汇。

②then放在句首后面用的是部分倒装结构，主语为shouting and a terrible conflict。

③句中结构为so...that...，thus为副词，表示“这样”，后面用的是非谓语动词作状语。

④“There is no escaping the fact that...”为一个高级句式，表示“无法逃避……”。

⑤though是我们常见的一个词，但此处though用作副词，而非连词。作副词时though常放在句末。

⑥此三个过渡词的准确使用使文章后一部分的表达流畅，内容充实。

【佳作赏析2】

Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. It was my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang who had a quarrel when playing basketball.①As a result②， they had difficult relationship with each other.

Who was to blame for the conflict？③ Just as the saying goes “It takes two to take a quarrel.” ④， neither of them was calm and they couldn't control themselves. They only thought about themselves. As we know， during a ball game， pulling， pushing and knocking are sometimes unavoidable and acceptable.

In fact， it's not difficult to avoid conflicts. Above all， we should learn to be considerate. Only when all of us think more about others can we get along well with them.⑤In terms of playing basketball， as long as we have a right attitude towards it， that is to say， through it we mainly exercise and enjoy ourselves， we'll not be that rude to others.⑥

亮点分析：

该篇书面表达能严格按照写作任务的要求来展开。第一段作者重点说明冲突的过程和结果;第二段以一个设问句过渡，引出话题，重点分析产生冲突的原因;最后一段作者则以in fact过渡，给出了避免冲突发生的几个做法。由此可见该篇习作结构严谨，紧扣主题。其中强调句、倒装句的恰当使用使文章精彩纷呈，加之一个谚语的准确使用更是锦上添花。

①该句是一个强调句，被强调部分是my classmates Su Hua and Li Jiang。

②as a result“结果”，该过渡词使用贴切。

③第二段以一个设问句开头，不仅起到过渡作用，还能引人入胜，从而激发读者的阅读兴趣。

④该谚语意义为“一个巴掌拍不响”，它的贴切使用提升了文章的档次。

⑤此处为一个倒装句，only引导的状语（从句）放在了句首。

⑥这是一个长句，用in terms of“就……而言”来过渡，后面用了一个由as long as引导的状语从句，中间that is to say为插入语。该长句给出了避免在篮球场上发生冲突的建议。

◎小试牛刀

假定你是李华，  准备参加你校英语俱乐部举行的以“亲子关系”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请根据以下提示准备演讲稿。

内容提示：

1. 描述你和父母亲目前的关系;

2. 谈谈你理想中的亲子关系是怎样的。

注意：

1. 词数100词左右;开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear fellow students，

It's my great honor to be here to give a speech about relationships between parents and children.

That's all. Thank you.