重庆韩国光复军总司令部旧址

年代：始建于上世紀30年代     Time of Construction： Built in the 1930s

坐标：渝中区邹容路37号        Location： No.37， Zourong Road， Yuzhong District

韩国光复军总司令部旧址建于上世纪30年代，现为复原重建。砖木结构，二楼一底，为中西结合建筑，外墙为砖砌，内部开间为夹壁墙，有木质门窗及楼梯，建筑面积约2500平方米。

朝鲜半岛独立运动时期，朝鲜半岛人民在重庆市区内办公的地方有好几处，除了莲花池38号，还包括附近的吴师爷巷（今和平路）、杨柳街（今五一路）、土桥韩人村（位于巴南）等。韩国光复军总司令部旧址作为反法西斯战争中，朝鲜半岛人民在中国长期坚持反日独立运动的流亡政府重要军事机构，具有较高的历史价值。

1910年8月，日本帝国主义强迫大韩帝国（朝鲜王朝于1897年改国号为“大韩帝国”）签订《日韩合并条约》，强占了朝鲜半岛。大量朝鲜半岛反日独立运动人士来到中国从事抗日独立斗争。

1919年，大韩民国临时政府在上海成立， 1940年9月17日，在中国政府和人民的支持帮助下，韩国光复军总司令部在重庆成立。在中国政府的统一军事指挥下，通过改组、整编、征募，韩国光复军协助中国军民开展抗日武装斗争，与美军合作开展特种技术军事训练，并选派人员赴印缅战区协助英军抗日。

1940年9月17日，大韩民国临时政府光复军在原嘉陵宾馆举行总司令部成立典礼。当时的韩国光复军由李青天将军出任总司令，李范奭出任参谋长。据介绍，中国各界特别是许多政要都参加了这场成立仪式，这不仅表明他们对朝鲜半岛独立运动的声援，而且也成为中韩两国人民团结一致共同抗日的最好见证。

大韩民国临时政府在重庆开展民族独立运动的6年时间，曾得到了国民政府和中国共产党的大力支持。1945年11月5日，为感谢中国人民的深情厚谊，大韩民国临时政府主席金九在回国前发表《致中华民国朝野人士告别书》称，“抗战8年来，敝国临时政府随国府迁渝，举凡借拨政舍，供应军备，以及维持侨民生活，均荷于经济百度艰窘之秋，慨为河润。”

1945年8月15日，日本宣布无条件投降，世界反法西斯战争取得全面胜利。韩国光复军官兵陆续返回朝鲜半岛。韩国光复军参与了中国战场的反法西斯斗争，在韩国独立运动史上具有重要的地位。

2019年3月28日，韩国总理李洛渊访问重庆，为重庆韩国光复军总司令部旧址复建完工暨对外开放仪式剪彩。李洛渊表示，重庆韩国光复军总司令部的修复，彰显了中韩两国长远深厚的纽带关系，这不仅仅是对历史的复原，更是启动未来新纽带的起点。

图片/重庆大韩民国临时政府旧址陈列馆提供

编辑/杨艳

The Site of the Korean Liberation Army General Command was built in the 1930s and the current building is the restoration and reconstruction of the original one. The building covers an area of about 2，500 square meters， which consists of two floors and a basement. Made with bricks and wood， the exterior wall of the building is constructed by bricks while the interior space are surrounded by double-layer hollow walls. Also， wooden doors and windows as well as stairs feature its combination of Chinese and western style of architecture.

During the period of independence movement of the Korean Peninsula， there were several sites of the anti-Japanese relics in the urban area of Chongqing. Except for the No. 38 of Lianhuachi， the nearby Wushiye Lane （now Heping Road）， Yangliu Street （now Wuyi Road）， and Hanrencun village in Tuqiao （located in Ba’nan district） and other places were also included. As an important military institution in the anti-Fascist war， the Site of the Korean Liberation Army General Command records the history of people of the Korean Peninsula who have long adhered to the anti-Japanese independence movement in China and thus its historical value speaks for itself.

In August 1910， Japanese imperialism forced the Korean Empire （the Korean dynasty changed its national title to the “Korean Empire” in 1897） to sign the “Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty”， and thus occupied the Korean Peninsula. A large number of anti-Japanese activists on the Korean Peninsula came to China to engage in the struggle against Japanese imperialism and the fight for independence.

In 1919， the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was established in Shanghai. On September 17， 1940， the Korean Liberation Army General Command was established in Chongqing with the support and aid of the Chinese government and people. Under the unified military command of the Chinese government， the Korean Liberation Army General Command went through rearmament， reorganization， and recruitment and assisted the Chinese military and civilians in carrying out the anti-Japanese armed struggle. More than that， the Army also cooperated with the US military in the field of special technical military training， and sent personnel to the India-Burma war zone to assist the British army in resisting Japan.

On September 17， 1940， the Korean Liberation Army of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea held the inauguration ceremony of the General Command at the original Jialing Hotel. At that time， General Ji Cheong-cheon was appointed Commander-in-Chief and Lee Beom-seok was appointed Chief of Staff by the Korean Liberation Army. It is reported that all walks of life in China， especially many important members of the government， participated in this inauguration ceremony. This not only expresses their support for the independence movement of the Korean Peninsula， but also serves as the best testimony to the united efforts of the Chinese and Korean peoples to fight against Japan.

During the six years when the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea launched the national independence movement in Chongqing， it has received substantial support from the National Government and the Chinese Communist Party. On November 5， 1945， Kim Gu published a “Farewell to Government Officials and Its People of the Republic of China” before returning to Korea in order to show his gratitude for the deep friendship of the Chinese people. “The past eight years of the War of Resistance witnessed the migration of our Provisional Government to Chongqing along with the Chinese national government. The national government aided us in renting out official residences， supplying provision for our armaments and maintaining the lives of our expatriates. The financial generosity given is like an empty river being moisturized by water again， which manifests itself even in this hard time for us，” he said.

The announcement of Japan’s unconditional surrender on August 15， 1945 heralded the complete victory of worldwide anti-fascist war. Officials and soldiers of the Korean Liberation Army returned to the Korean peninsula in succession. The Korean Liberation Army participated in the anti-fascist struggle in the Chinese battlefield and played an important role in the history of the Korean independence movement.

On March 28， 2019， prime minister of South Korea Lee Nak-yeon visited Chongqing to participate in the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the completion of the re-construction and opening of the Site of the Korean Liberation Army General Command in Chongqing. Lee denoted that the restoration of the Korean Liberation Army General Command in Chongqing is a true manifestation of the long-term and deep ties between China and South Korea. More than a restoration of history， it is also a starting point for launching new bonds in the future.

Picture/ the Museum of the Site of Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Chongqing

Editor/ Yang Yan     Translator/Li Hongyu