Stronger waves resulted from ocean warming 海洋变暖引起海浪变大

张明波

预读思考

1. Whats the significance of the latest study mentioned in the passage？

2. What are the functions of the prefix “under-” and the suffix “-al”？

The ocean waves are getting stronger as a result of climate change， which might pose dangers for coastal communities in the future， according to a latest study published in the scientific magazine Nature. Researchers found that waves have increased in strength by 0.41 percent per year since 1948， and this change is correlated with the increasing sea-surface temperatures. That is driving sea level rise， as oceans warm and expand， and bringing more intense hurricanes and other extreme weather， scientists warn.

“This relationship is important， as it shows that global wave power can be a potentially valuable indicator of global warming， similar to carbon dioxide concentration， the global sea level rise， or the global surface atmospheric temperature，” said director of research at the Environmental Hydraulics Institute at Spain's University of Cantabria， and co-author of the new study， Inigo J. Losada.

While the study reveals a long-term trend of increasing wave energy， the effects of this increase are particularly apparent during the most energetic storm seasons， as occurred during the winter of 2013-2014 in the North Atlantic， which affected the west coast of Europe， or the devastating 2017 hurricane season in the Caribbean， which offered a harsh reminder of the destructive power and economic impacts of coastal storms， said the study.

Researchers hope the findings could provide a more complete understanding of the dangers faced by coastal communities in the coming decades. “Our results indicate that risk analysis neglecting the changes in wave power and having sea level rise as the only driver may underestimate the consequences of climate change and result in not enough or poor adapt-ation，” said co-author Fernando J. Mendez， associate professor at the University of Cantabria.

The findings may alert governments to better protect populations and infrastructure such as ports and harbors by building coastal defenses.

—From UC Santa Cruz

閱读自测

1. Whats the result of stronger waves？

A. Climate begins to change.

B. People living near the coast face danger.

C. Oceans are being polluted.

D. Sea-surface temperatures are increasing.

2. Which of the following best explains “reveals” underlined in paragraph 3？

A. Affects. B. Denies.

C. Doubts. D. Shows.

3. What should governments do according to the study？

A. Warn local people of some dangers.

B. Build relevant coastal defenses.

C. Limit the number of people visiting the seashore.

D. Improve the natural environment near the seashore.

文本探究

探究视角1：语篇分析

海平面上升使沿海地区处于气候变化影响的最前沿，但新的研究表明，它们也面临其他与气候有关的威胁。发表在《自然通讯》（Nature Communications）上的一项研究表明：海浪的能量在全球范围内一直在增长，研究发现海洋变暖和海浪能量的增加之间存在直接联系。许多长期趋势和预测都带有气候变化的特征，包括海平面上升、全球气温上升和海冰减少。迄今为止，对全球海洋气候的分析已经确定，在两个半球高纬度的海洋局部地区，风速和浪高有所增加。在某些情况下（如冬季海浪），这种增加比在平均情况下更大。这对于人类来说不是一件好事，因此我们必须高度重视这一问题，并且采取行之有效的措施。

本文的篇章结构如下：

探究视角2：语言学习

I. 文本填空

1. The ocean waves are getting stronger   ___________  （由于）  climate change， which might pose dangers for coastal communities in the future， according to a latest study ___________   （publish）  in the scientific magazine Nature.

2. Researchers found that waves have increased in strength  ___________  0.41 percent per year since 1948， and this change is correlated with the ___________  （increase）  sea'surface temperatures.

3. This relationship is important， as it shows that global wave power can be a ___________   （potential） valuable indicator of global warming， similar ___________  carbon dioxide concentration， the global sea level rise， or the global surface atmospheric temperature.

4. Our results indicate that risk analysis  ___________   （neglect） the changes in wave power and having sea level rise as  ___________ only driver may underestimate the consequences of climate change.

5. The ___________  （find） may alert governments to better protect populations and infrastructure such as ports and harbors by building coastal defenses.

II. 熟詞构新

III. 写作推荐

过去分词作定语

Researchers hope the findings could provide a more complete understanding of the dangers faced by coastal communities in the coming decades. 研究人员希望，这些研究结果能让沿海地区在接下来几十年里更彻底地理解所面临的危险。

句中的过去分词faced作后置定语，修饰名词dangers。

【仿写】这学校使用的系统很成功。

_________________________________________________________

探究视角3：文化拓展

世界海洋日

联合国于第63届联合国大会上将每年的6月8日确定为“世界海洋日”（World Oceans Day）。联合国秘书长潘基文就此发表致辞时指出，人类活动正在使海洋世界付出可怕的代价，个人和团体都有义务保护海洋环境，认真管理海洋资源。

2009年联合国将首个世界海洋日的主题确定为“我们的海洋，我们的责任”。“世界海洋日”的确立，为国际社会应对海洋挑战搭建了平台，也为在中国进一步宣传海洋的重要性、提高公众海洋意识提供了新的机会。2019年世界海洋日的主题是“珍惜海洋资源，保护海洋生物多样性”。