郭彦
摘 要:在广东高考英语中,无论是语法填空,还是写作,定语从句都能得到广泛运用。结合教学体会,从“线”到“面”的角度,即从单句到篇章来谈谈定语从句的教学新思路。
关键词:高考;单句;篇章;语境
实践中可知高中生对定语从句不易掌握,原因多是不能区分定语从句和其他类从句,或者不能正确分析句子成分,针对以上学习问题,笔者结合自己的教学体会,提出如下有效的解决对策。
一、单句填空:定语从句和名词性从句以及状语从句填空混合练习
高考英语中要求考生掌握的复合句分为三大类:定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的复合句,学生在做题时首先要区分复合句中的从句类型。
(1)I passed by a girl____dropped her books out of her locker.
(2)Never judge anyone because you never know how their life is or ____theyre going through.
(3)I hope youll do one more thing for our company____you leave.
(4)The next day,my brother and I went to the beach_____we watched some people play volleyball.
(5)Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary,_____made her feel like a star.
答案:(1)who/that (2)what (3)before (4)where (5)which
分析:当先行词是人,后面的句子起修饰先行词的作用时,这个句子就是定语从句,如例(1)。当从句前没有定语从句修饰的先行词,分析后判断从句是动词后的宾语从句,如例(2)。当从句前没有定语从句修饰的先行词,分析后判断从句是时间状语从句,如例(3)。在例(4)中,先行词是the beach,后面的定语从句中缺状语,故填where。在例(5)中,先行词是Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary整件事,后面的非限制性定语从句中缺主语,故填which。
二、在语篇中理解定语从句
The following year,he met John Ridgway,who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean.
27.We can learn from the text that Ridgway ________.
A.dismissed Saunders dream as fantasy
B.built up his body together with Saunders
C.hired Saunders for his cold-water experience
D.won his fame for his voyage across the Atlantic
分析:要对27题正确解答,只需要认真理解段落中画线的句子。很明显,who引导的定语从句修饰前面的John Ridgway,也确定答案应该选D。
三、在情境中运用定语从句
情境教学是学习语言的重要途径,深受学生喜爱。要想在课堂上培养学生创造和活用语言的能力,创设情境十分重要。下面是学习运用定语从句的一段口语对话:
Sasha:Well put off the outing till next week, when we wont be so busy.
Rebecca:Who else will join us?
Sasha:Lily and her brother Philip,Ted and his girlfriend Amy.Do you know Amy?The tall girl with long curly hair,who got the first place in the speech contest.
Rebecca:Oh,I got it.
總之,语法复习不能太单调,更不能重理论而轻实践,我们按照从“线”到“面”,即从单句到篇章的思路,从历年高考题、教材、模拟题或其他材料中选择实用的材料,指导学生理解并在实际中运用定语从句,一定会收到很好的效果。
参考文献:
[1]樊玲,牛慧霞.疯狂英语口语中级基础[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2009.
[2]曲一线.5.3英语·高考英语语法填空[M].北京:首都师范大学出版社:教育科学出版社,2015.
[3]张淑芳,牛慧霞.写霸:高中英语写作强化升级训练[M].上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2016.
编辑 王彦清