王志彦 何三军 蔡德义 储博彦
摘 要:以蒙斯特薰衣草(Lavandula munstead)种子为试材,采用两因素随机区组试验设计方法,研究了GA3浓度和处理时间对种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响,并应用隶属函数法对各处理组合的发芽效果进行了综合评价。结果表明,GA3浓度和处理时间两因素的交互效应对发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数4个指标的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对苗高和根长2个指标的影响不显著(P>0.05)。两因素对6个发芽指标的影响作用均为GA3浓度>处理时间。除处理组合5以外,各处理组合分别使种子萌发时间提前1~13 d。蒙斯特薰衣草种子发芽的最优处理为800 mg·L-1GA3处理6 h,种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、苗高和根长分别达到43.33%,0.394,0.014 9,5.00 cm和2.42 cm。
关键词:蒙斯特薰衣草;发芽试验;赤霉素;浓度;处理时间
中图分类号:S682 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2019.05.004
Effect of GA3 Treatment on Seed Germination of Lavandula munstead
WANG Zhiyan1, HE Sanjun2, CAI Deyi3, CHU Boyan4
(1.Hebei Forestry Technology Promotion Terminal, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050081, China;2.Shijiazhuang Hutuo River Ecological District Management Office, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050061, China; 3.Hebei Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County Forestry Bureau Qinhuangdao, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 066507, China; 4.Hebei Academy of Forestry Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050061, China)
Abstract: The seeds of Lavandula munstead were used as experimental materials. Using two-factor randomized block design method, the effects of GA3concentration and time on seed germination and seedling growth were studied. The results showed that, the interaction effect of GA3concentration and treatment time had a very significant effect on germination energy, germination rate, germination index and vigor index (P<0.01), while the seedling height and the length of root were not(P>0.05). The effects on 6 germination indexes were GA3concentration > treatment time. Except for the treatment 5, germination time of the seeds was 1~13 d advanced. The optimum treatment of L avandula munstead was 800 mg·L-1GA3for 6 h, whose germination rate, germination index, vigor index, seedling height and the length of root were respectively up to 43.33%, 0.394, 0.014 9, 5.00 cm and 2.42 cm.
Key words: Lavandula munstead; germination rate; GA3; concentration; treatment time
蒙斯特薰衣草(Lavandula munstead),为唇形科(Labiatae)薰衣草属(Lavandula)多年生草本或半灌木[1],原产地中海沿岸,屬于天然香料植物[2]。因其具有较高的观赏价值和利用价值,在世界各地已被广泛应用于鲜切花、地被植物、调味品、精油、香水及医疗卫生领域[3-4]。我国自1952年开始从法国引种薰衣草属植物,并在我国的新疆、江苏、北京等10个省(市)均有种植[5]。
薰衣草种子细小,种皮角质化且外被蜡质,具有休眠现象[6],且休眠期较长,发芽率极低,发芽极其缓慢,播种育苗需要进行激素处理[7-10]。相关研究[11-12]表明:使用植物生长调节剂浸种可以打破种子休眠,破坏妨碍种子萌发的活性物质,从而有利于种子的吸水萌发,且GA3的处理效果优于6-BA、IAA和NAA等药剂。目前,关于蒙斯特薰衣草种子发芽的研究还未见报道。因此,以蒙斯特薰衣草种子为材料,通过研究GA3浓度和处理时间对种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响,以期筛选出种子发芽的最佳处理,为蒙斯特薰衣草的高效播种繁殖提供技术支持。