Adequate colors help keep clinical depression away

湖南岳阳华容二中 严国斌

是什么在牵动着你的喜怒哀乐?每天我们都被各种因素影响着情绪，最近有研究发现光线竟然也能影响人的情绪，我们一起来看看是怎么回事吧。

听力扫障

1.clinical depression临床抑郁症

2.overnightadj.一夜之间的

3.hamstern.仓鼠

4.nocturnaladj.夜间活动的

5.disruptionn.中断；破裂

6.muck up搞乱；搞糟

7.circadianadj.昼夜节律的

8.phenotypen.表现型 （尤指生物体的可观测性状）

9.photosensitiveadj.感光的

10.retinan.视网膜

11.bluishadj.略带蓝色的

扫码听测

Ⅰ.听力理解

听录音并阅读5个简短的陈述，根据录音内容判断这些陈述是否符合所听内容，本题考查重点是学生对意义的理解能力和信息获取能力。

In this section，you will hear a passage.After you hear the passage， decide whether each of the statement is correct（A）， incorrect（B） or not mentioned （C）.

1 2 C l i n i c a l d e p r e s s i o n i s u s e d t o d e s c r i b e a s l i g h t f o r m o f d e p r e s s i o n.T h e e x p e r i m e n t c h o s e h a m s t e r s b e c a u s e o f t h e i r l i v i n g h a b i t s.A B C A B C 3 T h e a n i m a l s i n t h e e x p e r i m e n t w e r e d i v i d e d i n t o f i v e g r o u p s.A B C 4 5 P h o t o s e n s i t i v e c e l l s i n t h e r e t i n a h a v e m u c h t o d o w i t h e y e s i g h t.M r N e l s o n s u g g e s t s u s i n g f i l t e r e d g l a s s e s o r f i l t e r s f o r l e s s b l u i s h l i g h t.A B C A B C

Ⅱ.文本理解

一边听录音一边阅读以下文字材料，根据你所听到的内容选择正确的答案。需要理解的内容是录音材料中涉及的关键信息。

1.In which case is a person likely to develop clinical depression according to the text？

A.Living or working in dim light.

B.Seeing yellow color late at night.

C.Losing interest or pleasure in most activities.

2.How many groups were the hamsters divided into in the experiment？

A.Six. B.Four. C.Three.

3.What animals appeared to be the most depressed？

A.Those sleeping foldable red light.B.Those sleeping in dark white light.

C.Those sleeping in blue and white light.

文本解说

本文是一篇科普文章，讲述的是房间里的光线与人的健康之间的关系：晚上在昏暗光线下生活或工作的人可能会导致临床抑郁症，导致患者对大部分活动失去兴趣或乐趣，体能差，有死亡或自杀的想法。

题材文章词数健康4 0 8 难度 ★★★体裁建议用时说明文7′

Some colors that people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts callclinical depression.That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings.They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of lightovernightcan develop clinical depression.Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe a severe form of depression.Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities，low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

In the new study，American investigators designed an experiment that exposedhamstersto different colors.The researchers chose hamsters because they arenocturnal，which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups.One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period.Another group was placed in foldable blue light，a third group slept in foldable white light，while a fourth was put in foldable red light.After four weeks，the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank.They found that the more depressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University.He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed.

“What we saw is these animals didn't show any sleepdisruptionsat all but they did havemucked up circadianclock genes and they did show depressivephenotypeswhereas if they were in the dim red light， they did not.”

Randy Nelson notes thatphotosensitivecells in theretinahave little to do with eyesight.He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.He says there's a lot of blue in white light；this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters see red light or darkness.

Mr Nelson has suggestions for people who worklateatnight，orthosewholiketostayuplate.

“My recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active life during the day，mostly inactive at night，you want to limit exposure to TVs which are quitebluishin the light they give off and computer screens and things like that.You can get filtered glasses；you can get filters on your computer screen and filters on your eReaders to put it more in the reddish light.”

科普类的文章在阅读时要把握文章的“主线”，如科研结论、科研过程、科研方法、科研结论，以及应用前景等。本文的文章结构如下：

Part 1（Para.1）——研究结论（光线影响健康）

Part 2（Para.2～Para.4）——实验介绍（过程+方法+结果+原因）

Part 3（Para.5～Para.6）——试验后的建议（“夜猫子”们要戴过滤镜或使用过滤器）

写作推荐

科学实验类文章写作语言素材积累

介绍科研结果：

That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings.

这是基于早些研究发现的一项研究的结果。

They show that...这些表明……

介绍实验过程：

In the new study，...designed an experiment that...在该新研究中，……设计了一个实验……

The researchers chose...because...研究人员选择……是因为……

The animals were separated into four groups.One group of...was...；another group was...， a third group...，while a fourth...这些动物被分为4组。一组……；另一组……；第三组……，而第四组……。

介绍实验结果：

The researchers noted...；They found that...研究人员记录了……；他们发现……

介绍建议：

My recommendation is...；You can...

我的建议是……；你可以……