马铃薯切片外敷小儿输液肿胀部位的疗效

罗小香

【摘要】 目的：探询马铃薯切片外敷小儿输液肿胀部位的疗效。方法：从笔者所在医院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的行静脉输液治疗且出现静脉局部软组织肿胀的患儿100例为研究对象，采用简单随机法分成用湿毛巾热敷及50%硫酸镁湿敷的对照组，以及用马铃薯切片外敷的观察组。比较两组疗效、肿胀消退时间、治疗前后症状情况、症状改善率及不良反应发生率。结果：观察组总有效率为98%，明显高于对照组的84%（P<0.05）;观察组肿胀消退时间早于对照组（P<0.05）;两组治疗前症状情况比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组治疗后症状改善率为92%，显著高于对照组的74%（P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率为0，低于对照组的12%（P<0.05）。结论：运用马铃薯切片外敷小儿输液局部软组织肿胀的疗效甚佳，肿胀消退时间更早，症状得到明显改善，且不良反应发生率显著降低。

【关键词】 马铃薯切片 外敷 静脉输液 软组织肿胀

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the effect of external application with potato slice on the swelling of infusion in children. Method： From April 2018 to April 2019， 100 children with intravenous infusion and local venous soft tissue swelling treated in our hospital were selected as subjects. A simple random method was used to divide the control group with wet towel hot compress and 50% Magnesium Sulfate wet compress and the observation group with potato slice external application. The efficacy， time of swelling resolution， symptoms before and after treatment， symptom improvement rate and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Result： The total effective rate was 98% in the observation group， which was significantly higher than 84% of the control group （P<0.05）. The time of swelling resolution in the observation group was earlier than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The symptoms before treatment were compared between the two groups， and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The symptom improvement rate of the observation group was 92% after treatment， which was significantly higher than 74% of the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 0， which was significantly lower than 12% of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The effect of external application with potato slice on the local soft tissue swelling of infusion in children is very good， time of swelling resolution is shorter， the symptoms are obviously improved， and the incidence of adverse reactions is greatly reduced.

靜脉输液过程中，可由诸多因素致使液体外渗，譬如护理人员在注射时进针角度不佳、未按规范操作牢固性不佳、药物浓度高、刺激性大及患者自身运动幅度过度等[1-2]。针刺周边皮肤受到刺激后，患者常出现疼痛、红肿等症状，极不利于后续治疗的顺利进行，不仅增加患者治疗的痛苦，且护理人员再次实施静脉穿刺难度加大[3]。以往多使用湿毛巾热敷、硫酸镁湿敷针刺局部，但治疗效果不显著[4]。基于此，笔者选取医院100例静脉输液中出现静脉局部软组织肿胀的患儿为研究对象，按简单随机法分成湿毛巾热敷及50%硫酸镁湿敷的对照组及用马铃薯切片外敷的观察组进行对比研究，以寻求具体疗效，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

从笔者所在医院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的行静脉输液治疗且出现静脉局部软组织肿胀的患儿100例为研究对象。纳入标准：（1）均因输液外渗引起局部软组织肿胀或静脉炎;（2）年龄2～15岁;（3）营养状况及局部皮肤良好。排除标准：（1）有精神疾病障碍;（2）有过敏史及皮肤病。采用简单随机法分成对照组（n=50）及观察组（n=50）。观察组男28例，女22例;年龄3～11岁，平均（6.4±2.2）岁。对照组男29例，女21例;年龄4～12岁，平均（6.5±2.1）岁。两组一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05），可对比。本次研究已通过医院伦理委员会审批，家属享有知情权，同意患儿参与研究。