小夫妻结庐人境隐居做陶

◇ 文

管永双和妻子李云杉都是四川美术学院毕业，学习工艺设计陶瓷专业，同班同学，标准的90后。

在上学时，管永双第一次跟随老师到荣昌采风，就被荣昌上好的陶土惊艳到了。

“这里的陶土细腻，能做出上等陶艺作品。”于是，2014年毕业后，管永双和妻子毅然来到荣昌区专心陶艺。两人开始在一家制陶厂做设计，工作之余师从荣昌陶非物质文化遗产传承人张俊德，学习荣昌陶的制作工艺。

一年后，小两口在安富街道通安村的一个山坡上租了民居，改造成工作室开始自己烧窑制陶。

Both Guan Yongshuang and his wife Li Yunshan graduated from Sichuan Fine Arts Institute, majoring in ceramics process design. They were classmates and both born in 1990s.

When he was at school, Guan Yongshuang was amazed by the superior argil in Rongchang when he followed his teacher to tour and investigate there.

“The argil here is fine and smooth and it can be used to make first-class ceramic works.”

So, after they graduated in 2014, Guan Yongshuang and his wife decided to come to Rongchang to concentrate on the ceramics. At first,they worked in a ceramics factory as designers. After work, they learned from Zhang Junde, inheritor of Rongchang ceramics intangible cultural heritage to study the workmanship of Rongchang ceramics.

One year later, the young couple rented dwellings on a hillside of Tong’an Village, Anfu Street and reconstructed it into studio to start kilning and making ceramics.

重庆荣昌陶与江苏宜兴紫砂陶、云南建水陶、广西钦州坭兴陶并称“中国四大名陶”，也是国家级非物质文化遗产，具有“红如枣、亮如镜、薄如纸、声如罄”的特点。一件荣昌陶器制作需经过制胚、装窑、烧窑三个部分，历时三个月时间。

李云杉在窑前添柴，窑火温度的变化将影响作品的色泽变化

一件陶艺作品在管永双手中慢慢成型

3月27日，在我们来的前一天，小两口刚刚将制作好的1000多件陶胚放进窑里烧制。他们采用传统的柴窑烧制，需要半个月的时间。在这期间需要日夜不停地守着窑，添加柴火，并且随时关注窑里的温度变化。加柴的速度和方式、薪柴的种类、温度变化、天候的状况、空气流量等细微因素，都会影响窑内作品的色泽变化。这些既需要技艺和经验，也需要汗水和毅力。

我们见到管永双时，他刚刚守了一个通宵，妻子李云杉搭个板凳坐在窑前，边添柴火边听丈夫给我们讲荣昌陶的制作技艺。

添柴火的洞口，距离她只有一米多的样子。三月天，户外的气温虽只有10来度，但是只穿一件衬衣的李云杉依然额头汗水直流。“要是夏天，衣服一天都是汗水泡起的。”

Chongqing Rongchang Ceramics, together with Jiangsu Yixing Purple-grit Ceramics, Yunnan Jianshui Ceramics and Guangxi Qinzhou Nixing Ceramics are renowned as “Four famous ceramics in China”. As national intangible cultural heritage, it has the characteristics of “as red as date, as bright as mirror, as thin as paper,as resonant as a chime”. The fabrication of a piece of Rongchang ceramic works has three processes: embryo making, kiln placing and kiln firing, which usually takes about three months.

On March 27, the day before we came, the young couple just placed the fabricated 1,000 embryos into the kiln for firing. What they adopt is still the traditional firewood kiln firing and it will take half a month. During the period, they should watch the kiln night and day to add firewood and observe the temperature change in the kiln. The firewood adding speed and way, category of firewood,temperature change, climate condition, air flow and other subtle factors will all influence the color and luster change of the ceramic works in the kiln.All of these require skills and experience, sweat and perseverance.

When we met Guang Yongshuang, he had just stayed up all night and his wife took the turn to watch the kiln by sitting on a wooden bench in front of the it. While adding the firewood, she also listened to her husband to tell us about the fabrication skills of Rongchang ceramics.

It was only one meter away from the mouth of the kiln to her. In March, the outdoor temperature is only about 10oC, but Li Yunshan was sweating all the time even if she was only wearing a shirt. “In summer, our clothes are as wet as if it is soaked in the sweat,” she told us.

小夫妻的“通安小栖”和院子里的树屋

沿着烧陶的工作室往上走上大约两百米，一座青砖绿瓦的小院掩映于一片橙林之中，这是夫妻俩的“通安小栖”，现在被他们设计成了陶文化主题民宿，“希望更多的年轻人能够喜欢，发现荣昌陶的美。”

来访的客人可以体验陶艺制作，也可以收藏喜爱的陶艺品

进得主厅，茶室里摆满了精美的荣昌陶工艺品，来访客人可以收藏喜爱的陶艺品，也能够亲身体验制陶烧陶的乐趣。

除了制陶爱好者的到访，平时通安小栖只有夫妻两人。加上制陶时间长，离不开人，夫妻俩也极少外出，过着“结庐在人境，心远地自偏”的“隐居”生活。

“并不会觉得辛苦或者孤单，反而会很享受。”李云杉说，“安安静静做陶，认真做自己喜欢事，完成自己满意的陶艺作品，就是非常令人开心的。”

If we walk up along the studio, a small courtyard in black bricks and green tiles will come into view.This is the living room which they call it “Small world for peace”. Now it has been designed into ceramics culture theme dwellings. “We hope that more young people will like it and discover the beauty of Rongchang Ceramics,”he expressed his wishes.”

管永双和李云杉的部分荣昌陶作品

After entering the main hall, we will see that the tearoom is placed with exquisite Rongchang ceramic works. The visitors may collect the ceramic works they like and experience the fun of making ceramics and kilning personally.

Except that ceramics making amateurs may visit here occasionally, the young couple are alone most of the time.Due to the long ceramics making time, and a person is required to watch the kiln, the couple seldom go out and they live a “secluded”life, like what is described in the poem“building his house in the fairyland away from the world and enjoy the peaceful and reclusive life.”

“We don’t think we are laborious or lonely, instead, we enjoy it very much,” Li Yunshan said. “Making ceramics quietly, doing things you like and finishing the ceramic works you are satisfied always enrich our life and make us happy.”