抵抗

Harvey+Araton

It is no secret that football， with its often anonymous foot soldiers in the trenches （many without fully guaranteed contracts）， is a sport more designed for group expression. The N.B.A.， said the former commissioner David Stern， has long been a laboratory focused on the behavior of individuals.

由于无名球员众多（很多人没有全额保障合同），美式足球注定适合群体表达，这已经不是一个秘密了。按照前总裁大卫·斯特恩的说法，NBA很久以前就是一个专注于个体行为的实验室了。

It has been 21 years since the N.B.A. punished a player for refusing to stand for the national anthem. And that player， Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf， paid a much greater price than the nearly $32，000 he lost for a one-game suspension.

距離NBA惩罚一名拒绝在国歌仪式时起立的球员已经过去了21年。那名球员——穆罕默德·阿卜杜尔-拉乌夫，付出的代价，远比一场禁赛损失的32000美元大得多。

A flashy 6-foot-1 guard and the Denver Nuggets leading scorer for the 1995-96 season， AbdulRauf refused to stand because of personal and religious beliefs. He negotiated a fast truce with the league， acquiescing to its rule requiring players to stand for the anthem in an acceptable posture -while also cupping his hands and bowing his head in adherence to his Muslim faith.

身高1.85米，技术出众的阿卜杜尔-拉乌夫是掘金1995-96赛季的控球后卫，因为个人及宗教信仰原因，他拒绝在国歌仪式中起立。他迅速与联盟达成和解，认同球员需要以特定姿势出现在国歌仪式的要求——但仍然按照伊斯兰教义合掌，低头。

He was also traded soon after to the Sacramento Kings， and by 1998， at 29， he was out of the league. He became， in essence， a cautionary tale as Colin Kaepernick pursues a case against the N.F.L. accusing it of colluding to deny him a job over his kneeling for the anthem last season.

没过多久他就被交易到了萨克拉门托国王，1998年，29岁的他被迫退出联盟。实际上，和上赛季因为在国歌仪式中单膝下跪而起诉NFL串通导致他没有工作的科林·卡佩尼克一样，阿卜杜尔-拉乌夫的故事成了一个警示录。

Abdul-Rauf did not get much support from his peers.

阿卜杜尔-拉乌夫没有从周围人那里得到太多支持。

"If you ask most players from that era， theyd say they regretted not supporting him more than they did，" Buck Williams， who in 1996 was president of the National Basketball Players Association， said in a recent telephone interview. "He was kind of left out on an island."

“如果问经历过那个时期的大部分人，他们会说对没能更支持他感到遗憾。”1996年担任球员工会主席的巴克·威廉姆斯最近接受电话采访时表示，“他有点像被遗弃在荒岛上一样。”

That was then， a period largely defined by the soaring popularity of the famously apolitical Michael Jordan. This is now， an era of exploding social media leverage in which N.B.A. player and coaching personalities - more so than their N.F.L. counterparts —have established themselves as recognizable commentators.endprint