三个常被误用作连词的介词短语

陈秀丽

请指出下列三句错在哪里：

1. She failed in the exam because of she was careless.

2. She is very good at physics in spite of she finds it boring.

3. For the first time I saw him， I knew he was ambitious.

介词之后常常接名词、代词、动名词、what引导的名词性从句来充当宾语；而连词后面要跟句子并跟该句子一起构成状语从句。

句1中because of后面接了 she was careless，这是一个由“主语+系动词+表语”构成的句子，而这类句子是不能作介词的宾语的，我们可以这样修改：

She failed in the exam because she was careless.

She failed in the exam because of her carelessness.

句2中in spite of这个短语介词之后跟的是she finds it boring，这是一个由“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”构成的句子，不能用作介词的宾语。可以将其改为：

She is very good at physics though she finds it boring.

She is very good at physics in spite of the fact that she finds it boring.

句3中for the first time 这个介词短语之后用的是I saw him，这是一个由“主语+谓语+宾语”构成的句子。介词在这里又被误用作了连词，我们可以把这句话改为：

The first time I saw him， I knew he was ambitious.

注：“The first time”是一个名词短语，这里用作连词。

及时巩固

选择填空

1. __________（ Though； In spite of） she often annoys him， he thinks highly of her.

2. __________（ Though； In spite of） her bad temper， he thinks highly of her.

3. She made an apology to the boss________（because； because of） she was late for work again.

4. She made an apology to the boss ________（because； because of） her rudeness.

5. ____________ （The first time； For the first time）I asked him for help， she turned me down.

6. She turned me down ____________（the first time； for the first time）， which made me disappointed.

答案：1.Though； 2.In spite of； 3.because； 4.because of； 5.The first time； 6.For the first time

总之，弄清楚一个词的词性并在语境中加以体会，我们的词汇学习才会事半功倍。如果大家能在读句子、文段、文章时做个有心人，“顺便”记一下单词，那么我們的词汇学习一定会变得有趣、有效乃至高效。

责任编辑 蒋小青endprint