徐忠友
在纪念中国人民解放军诞生90周年期间,反映1946年东北民主联军在深山老林剿匪的电视连续剧《林海雪原》,在黑龙江、安徽、山东卫视等电视台陆续播出,让观众看得惊心动魄,充分展示了我军的军威。
《林海雪原》发布会。
《林海雪原》改编自剧中剿匪小分队的队长少剑波的原型人物曲波创作的经典同名小说。作品讲述了1946年冬天,国民党在东北地区成立了由伪满官吏、地主、恶霸、土匪等组成的“中央先遣军”,不断对共产党领导的夹皮沟农会组织进行骚扰。其中匪首许大马棒、座山雕等人分别集结残部,蹿居东北深山密林之中进行暗杀破坏,极大威胁当地百姓的生产生活。为了清除匪患,由共产党领导的东北民主联军组织了一支36人的剿匪小分队。在团参谋长少剑波的率领下,杨子荣、孙达得等小分队成员深入林海雪原剿匪,他们与凶残敌人斗智斗勇、殊死拼搏。经过一次又一次艰苦卓绝的激烈交锋,匪徒们最终被全歼。
小说自1956年问世后,在读者中引起了强烈的反响,好评如潮。1958年话剧《智取威虎山》的公演,拉开了《林海雪原》的改编大幕。此后,京剧、评剧、评书、电影、电视剧等各种类型艺术改编不断充实着观众的娱乐生活。可以说,每一次改编都承载着一个时代的历史记忆和情怀。而此次拍摄的电视剧《林海雪原》比以往的影视作品又有了新的突破:该剧在忠于原著的基础上,以电视剧的形式全景式将东北民主联军剿灭土匪恶煞的艰苦历程,大气且不失细腻地呈现在荧屏上,凸现我军大无畏的英雄气概。
编剧在改编中,遵循原著的故事主线,塑造出一组个性鲜明的人物形象,带领观众重回那个冰天雪地却又热血沸腾的“林海雪原”,充分展现了新时代的审美眼光、影视技术所带来的视觉盛宴。编剧对座山雕这个大反派人物的改编我认为是最成功的,以往的剧作把座山雕表现得虽然狡猾,但还是被杨子荣迷惑了,而此剧中座山雕一直就没有相信杨子荣,表面上不动声色,暗中却多次想干掉杨子荣,这更体现了座山雕的狡诈。
《林海雪原》小分队。
该剧的剧情环环紧扣,惊心动魄:座山雕率众匪袭击小火车,许大马棒父子、蝴蝶迷、郑三炮偷袭杉岚站,用祖传的大马棒来敲碎土改干部的头部,用刀剑玩花样残杀群众,让人惊恐和愤恨。而小分队奇袭天险奶头山;少剑波带头杀土匪,杨子荣只身入虎穴,智取威虎山,还有暗战神河庙、攻破大锅盔等情景,无不扣人心弦,让观众在紧张之后又大声叫好。
2017版的电视连续剧《林海雪原》有64集,有800多名演员参加拍摄,加上职员有近千人,摄制阵容十分强大,而且由新老演员分别担任主角。
这部电视连续剧由北京吉安永禾影视有限公司、东阳国金影视制作有限公司、黑龙江广播影视传媒集团有限公司联合出品,北京金氏姐妹影视有限公司、长春电影制片厂、永康逍遥影业有限公司等联合摄制,总制片人金姝丽、导演兼编剧金姝慧、制片人金姝妹等全力打造。
《林海雪原》剧组的演员阵容新老结合,各有出色表现。其中实力派影星李光洁扮演剧中男一号杨子荣。杨子荣是家喻户晓的英雄人物,有着“特级侦察英雄”的称号,胆识过人,硬汉气质爆棚。李光洁为诠释好这个经典角色,在东北拍了5个多月,在零下30摄氏度的冰天雪地里每天穿着30多斤的貂皮戏服演戏。在极严寒的天气条件下,控制表演的动作和表情颇不容易,而演好一个被翻拍过无数次的经典角色更不容易。对于这个被很多前辈演绎过的“杨子荣”,李光洁自信满满:“表演方式既不能脱离熟悉这些角色的父辈观众的要求,还要让年轻的观众能接受。”
在《林海雪原》中,青年演员张睿饰演的少剑波是东北民主联军独立二团参谋长,代号203。初看起来这位23岁的203首长外貌上还有点嫩,但在实战中,他足智多謀、沉着冷静、英勇善战,对党和人民赤胆忠心。在夹皮沟一战中,他以正确的指挥和身先士卒的精神,击溃了座山雕一伙的偷袭。在制定奇袭奶头山、智取威虎山等作战计划时,他的尺度把握得恰到好处。演员在剧中的表演是非常成功的。
女演员赵子惠以一位杉岚站土改工作队长鞠梅英的英雄形象亮相,她为了保护群众而光荣牺牲。赵子惠把鞠梅英为了信念,不顾牺牲自己以及遭到迫害后的绝望演绎得淋漓尽致,催人泪下。不少剧迷粉丝纷纷表示“虐哭了,遭受十万点暴击!”赵子惠近年来在战争戏中大放异彩,不少剧迷粉丝称之为“最美女战士”,而此次出演一位善良勇敢的“战地小花”。赵子惠在剧中佩戴的红色毛线围脖备受关注,一度引发网友们“求同款”。
与年轻演员相比,多位老演员也有绝活。其中由倪大红扮演的反派第一号角色、心狠手辣的大匪首座山雕,不仅外貌与秃鹰相似,而且内心狡诈无比,非常阴险霸道,演员的表演入木三分。国家一级演员王奎荣以前都是演公安题材的戏为主,且大多是演正面人物。这次他在剧中扮演国民党潜伏老特务定河道人,可以说是一次全新的突破。屡次在影视剧中扮演周恩来的老戏骨刘劲在该剧中扮演的剿匪总指挥田副司令,显得指挥有方,作风沉稳,颇有老首长的风度。
由中年演员秦卫东饰演的许大马棒,个性非常鲜明。他不仅有一张东北汉子的脸,而且还是在部队大院里长大,他本也想当兵入伍,没想到这次却当了个“土匪头子”,在剧中把许大马棒那种杀人不眨眼、非常残暴的性格表现得淋漓尽致。endprint
《林海雪原》剧照:杨子荣、少剑波、牡丹江军分区田副司令(右上)、土改工作队队长(右下)。
“综艺达人”金星在剧中扮演集“骚气”“霸气”“侠气”于一身的许大马棒的压寨夫人“蝴蝶迷”,让人看到她在综艺节目中不同的一面。90后小花旦刘婧,在剧中担纲医术高超、活泼灵动的“小白鸽”一角,展现出革命浪漫主义,恰到好处地展示了她对203首长的恋情。还有扮演刘勋苍、李勇奇、高波、孙达德、栾超家的演员,包括扮演侯殿坤、許福、郑三炮、栾平和八大金刚等反派角色的演员,也都有出色的表现。
军旅作家曲波创作了一部经典小说,而2017版电视连续剧《林海雪原》的制作者们,也为传承经典作出了努力。剧组编导、制片等主创人员以匠心匠艺做精品好剧,严把质量关,力求将《林海雪原》塑造成高格调、高水准、高立意的“三高”鸿篇巨制。
为了真实还原曲波先生小说中的主要情景,电视连续剧《林海雪原》剧组主创人员经过长达4年时间的筹备,相关摄制单位投资过亿,从动作设计到场景布置,无一不是按照电影的标准来制作。为了让表演更好看,剧组特别邀请香港著名导演江道海以动作导演的身份参与到《林海雪原》的创作中。江导等相关主创人员经过精心设计,使全剧达到300分钟以上的特效量,有近400个动作特技分镜头,可以说每一集电视剧就是一部电影。如小分队飞越奶头山天险,杀进座山雕老巢,还有少剑波带领战士与抢劫火车的匪徒在车上车下激战,杨子荣打虎上山等场景,都获得广大观众的称赞。
有道是:人要衣装马靠鞍。《林海雪原》剧组还根据原著描述设计了多种道具:如许大马棒的大马棒、定河道人秘藏的《联络图》、小火车等。另外请《太平轮》等影视剧的服装设计师陈同勋担纲此剧服装设计,仅土匪的服装就五花八门,有奶头山的“乌鸦款”、大锅盔的“洋范儿国军款”……特别是杨子荣假扮胡彪上威虎山所穿的皮大氅,全皮制作,里面甚至是磨砂皮,既符合现代审美,又有年代质感。
镜头中的环境与剧情和人物有着非常密切的关系,故是摄制电视剧成败的重要的一环。正因为如此,《林海雪原》剧组舍得投入,斥巨资搭建了气势恢宏的奶头山的“仙姑洞”,威虎山的“威虎厅”等拍摄场地。这两厅都有大桌子,上面摆有酒坛,还有匪首的主座与小头目的单座,让匪徒们在这个“小天地”中丑态百出。特别是在威虎厅还设计了老虎头,这与威虎山有着密切的关系;而座山雕的爱宠老雕,则是一只野性十足的真雕,动物的天性和真实神态无缝契合座山雕的狠劲和毒辣。同样,为了完美呈现杨子荣打虎上山的桥段,剧组专门从马戏团请来真虎,展示真实的威猛形态。
为了逼真还原小说中的场景,剧组还辗转北京、牡丹江两地进行置景拍摄,深入东北雪原实景拍摄。全新演绎了红色经典剿匪传奇。在152天的拍摄周期中,800多位演职人员一路穿林海、跨雪原,长期置身东北零下30多摄氏度的艰苦环境,重走当年英雄之路,期望通过此剧向当下社会传递杨子荣等剿匪英雄们“明知征途有艰险,越是艰险越向前”的积极向上、勇敢团结精神,最终树立“甘洒热血写春秋”的为国为民作奉献的高尚品德。2017版的电视连续剧《林海雪原》是一部优秀的剿匪剧。
New TV Series:
Tracks in the Snow Forest
By Xu Zhongyou
A new television adaptation of the novel (Tracks in the Snow Forest), turned out to be a big hit in Heilongjiang, Anhui and Shandong provinces, at a time when the nation is celebrating the 90th birthday of the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army founded in 1927. The original novel, first published in September 1957, is based on the real-life story of an incident in 1946 during the Chinese Civil War, involving a PLA reconnaissance team soldier Yang Zirong who disguised himself as a bandit to infiltrate a local gang of bandits, eventually helping the main force to destroy the bandits.
The original story is set in the severity of winter in the dense forests in northeastern China. The wisdom and bravery of a squad of 36 people, led by Shao Jianbo, exterminated a gang of ferocious bandits.
The story opens in 1946 with a bunch of Peoples Liberation Army soldiers tracking down a bandit, Hawk, who has set up shop with his 1000 murderous minions in a mountain fortress abandoned by the Japanese. Setting up camp in the mostly abandoned Leather Creek village at the base of Tiger Mountain, PLA captain Shao Jianbo captures an opium-smoking crook named Luan, who is in the middle of bringing the Advance Map to Hawk. The map shows the location of hidden troops, secret arsenals, and treasure depots stashed by the retreating Japanese. Shaos 30-man PLA unit has recently welcomed Nurse Bai and a new scout, Yang Zirong, to their ranks and its decided that Yang will disguise himself as a bandit, take the map to Hawk, and infiltrate his gang as a trusted henchman, destroying it from within.endprint
Qu Bo, the author of the original novel, was really a soldier tasked with rounding up bandits in northeastern China after World War II. The debut of the novel in 1957 attracted rave reviews, triggering an adaptation boom in the following years. The adaptation wave started with the drama , released in 1958. A film version directed by Xie Tieli was released in 1970. A modern remake, , directed by Hong Kong film director Tsui Hark was released on December 23, 2014. A song was used in a version of musical played in Shanghai Disney Resort.
The new TV remake, following the original plotting, makes the best of high-tech to create a visual feast. The highlight is the ‘Vulture, who in the original novel and in most of the previous adaptations is prone to fall into the trap of Yang Zirong, played by Li Guangjie. In the new adaptation, the villain stays cool throughout and never truly trusts Yang Zirong, trying many times to plot against the latter and adding enormous tension to the battle of wits and courage between the two.
The cast of the new version, which has as many as 64 episodes, includes more than 800 members. To best characterize Yang Zirong, Li Guangjie spent more than five months in freezing cold.
To restore all the key scenes of the original novel by Qu Bo, the preparation of the production took four years to complete. More than 100 million yuan was put into the production to ensure the action design and state setting meets a high standard. The action director is famous Hong Kong action designer To-hoi Kong. It is no exaggeration to say that every episode of the TV series is a carefully choreographed movie.
Whats also worth mentioning is lavish prop and costume design, supervised by Chen Tongxun, who is also the costume designer of and many other films.
The shooting venues of the TV series also include Beijing and Mudanjiang. For everyone in the cast and crew, the production that took 152 days was retracing the ‘road of heroism.endprint