完形填空中的熟词生义

何超+何云

纵观历年高考英语试卷，笔者发现常有“熟词生义”现象出现。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，给他们造成了不应有的失分。下面笔者精选了历年完形填空中一些具有代表性的名词试题加以分析，以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点，从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱”。

1. There it was， a white Ford. He saw the 45 ， LJR1939.（1997全国卷）

A. mark B. number C. sign D. name

析：B。number的熟义为“数字”，但在此题中意为“车牌号码”。

2. A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second， walked into the water to set the table and take their 46 ， and then walked back to the loud cheers of the rest of his customers. （2006全国Ⅰ卷）

A. menu B. bill C. food D. order

析：D。order的熟义为“命令，顺序”，但在此题中意为“（客人所写的）点菜单”。而menu是给客人点菜时看的菜单。

3. He thought about what he could do. There was no 40

asking his parents， for he knew they had no money to spare. （2009北京卷）

A. point B. reason C. result D. right

析：A。point的熟义为“点”或“分数”，但在此题中意为“意义，价值”。

4. Bruce opened the door， and he and Jackson dragged the man out. The attacker fought back. But even in his cornered panic， he was no 51 for the two athletic men. （2008湖北卷）

A. match B. target C. equal D. companion

析：A。match的熟义为“比赛”，但在此题中意为“对手”。

5. He would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate（海盗）？（2009全国Ⅰ卷）

A. star B. hero C. writer D. child

析：B。hero的熟义为“英雄”，但在此题中意为“（故事、小说或戏剧中的）男主角”。

6. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity（机会） to move up through the company into different 31 . （2009全国Ⅱ卷）

A. situations B. choices C. directions D. positions

析：D。position的熟义为“位置，姿势”，但在此题中意为“职位，职务”。

7. Now I donate any 45 I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving. （2010陜西卷）

A. work B. time C. energy D. change

析：D。change的熟义为“改变，变化”，但在此题中意为“零钱”。

8. I was just going to call the police for help， when I saw a strange 53 dressed in strange orange clothes.（2011辽宁卷）

A. figure B. actor C. man D. doll

析：A。figure的熟义为“数字”或“图形”，但在此题中意为“人影”。

9. The Latino， trying to express friendship， will keep moving closer. The Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep backing away—which the Latino will in return regard as

50 .（2012新课标卷）

A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness

析：D。coldness的熟义为 “寒冷”， 但在此题中意为 “冷淡”。

10. She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital. （2012安徽卷）

A. lift B. suggestion C. bike D. Guidebook

析：A。lift的熟义为“电梯”，但在此题中意为“搭便车”。

11. I left Fredas house that day， wondering about the 53endprint

of my relationship with my clients（主顾）. Who am I to them？ As a matter of fact， Im merely an employee—the lowest kind of employee. But Im also a trusted member of the family. I cant help worrying about what happens around me.（2006浙江卷）

A. meaning B. nature C. result D. importance

析：B。nature的熟义为“自然”，但在此题中意为“本质，实质”。

12. Or perhaps youre interested in the literature， films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 39 of the language. （2013安徽卷）

A. view B. knowledge C. form D. database

析：B。knowledge的熟义为“知识”，但在此题中意为“理解，知道”。

13. Dad， the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father， teacher， friend and， most importantly， my hero. （2013天津卷）

A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons

析：D。lesson的熟义为“课，功课”，但在此题中意为“经验，教训”。

14. His family was poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 38

at college， so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.（2014江苏卷）

A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment

析：B。 board的熟义为 “木板”， 但在此题中意为 “膳食费”。

15. Days later， we made a（n） 23 —far below the asking price. Surprisingly， they didnt laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. （2015天津卷）

A. effort B. offer C. promise D. profit

析：B。offer的熟义为“提供，提议”，但在此题中意为“报價，出价”。

责任编辑 蒋小青endprint