Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood

高考词汇

sound vi. 听起来

bother vt. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦

approach vt. 接近

starve vi. 饿死

park vt. 停车

exchange vt. 交换

afford vt. 买得起；有能力支付

survive vi. 死里逃生；大难不死

hometown n. 家乡

tourist n. 旅游者

rent n. 租金

district n. 地域；区域；行政区

harbour n. 海港

gallery n. 美术馆；画廊

traffic n. 交通

organisation n. 组织

occupation n. 职业

attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的

fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的

local adj. 地方的；局部的

pretty adv. 很；相当

常用短语

put up 修建；张贴

so far/up to now/till now 到目前为止

get away from 摆脱

a great many 许多；大量

a number of 许多；大量

go up 上升；上涨

make it 做成某事

拓展词汇

contact vt. 联络；联系（某人）

survey n. 调查

neighbourhood n. 四邻；街坊

suburb n. 城郊；郊区

nuisance n. 令人讨厌的人或事

architecture n. 建筑

committee n. 委员会

household n. 家属；家人

employment n. 就业；工作；职业

fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的

unemployed adj. 失业的；没有工作的

gorgeous adj. 美丽的；宜人的

professional adj. 专业的

manual adj. 用手的；手的

过渡词汇

fight vt. 与……打仗

vi. 打仗；搏斗；对抗

n. 打架；战斗；打仗

词汇短语园地

1. sound vi. 听起来

n. 声音；声响

sound可作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后面接形容词或分词作表语，不能接副词。

What he said sounds reasonable.

他说的听起来是有道理的。

She didnt sound surprised when I told her the news.

我把消息告诉她时，她好像并不感到惊讶。

比较：sound， voice和noise的区别

（1） sound作名词表“声音；响声”，统指人所听到的任何声音。a sound是“一种声音”，sounds是“多种”声音。

We heard sounds of laughter from the next room.

我们听到隔壁房间传来阵阵笑声。

（2） voice特指人发出的声音，指嗓音、说话声、歌唱声。

She has a loud/high/charming voice.

她的嗓音很大/很高/很悦耳。

（3） noise指音量大而难听的声音。

Stop making so much noise！

别吵了！

2. pretty adv. 相当；很；非常

pretty 可以作副词，也可以作形容词。

（1） 副词用法：pretty good相当好；pretty soon很快；pretty easy相当容易。

Im pretty sure Ill be going.

我相当肯定我会去的。

Its pretty hard to explain.

这事很难解释清楚。

（2） 作形容词时，意为“漂亮的；可爱的”，一般用于女子或小孩。

The pretty girl is very shy and always hides behind her mother.

這个漂亮的女孩很害羞，总是藏在她妈妈的后面。

You look so pretty in that dress.

你穿那条连衣裙真漂亮。

3. bother vt. & vi. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦

（1） bother with/about sth 花费精力、时间（做某事）

Its not worth bothering with an umbrella—the car is just outside.

不必打伞，汽车就在外面。

（2） bother sb about/with sth 使（某人）烦恼；给（某人）造成麻烦

Im sorry that I have to bother you with this problem.

对不起，我不得不用这个问题来麻烦你了。

（3） bother to do sth 烦心 / 费事做某事

He didnt even bother to say thank you.

他甚至没有说声谢谢。

（4） 在口语中，Dont bother主要用于谢绝对方主动提出的善意帮助，意为“不用费心、不用麻烦”。

— Shall I help you with the washing up？

要不要我帮你洗碗？

— Dont bother. Ill do it later.

不必麻烦了，我等一会再洗。

4. approach vt. 接近

It is not allowed to approach the forbidden area.

这里是禁区，不许接近。

As you approach the town， youll see the college on the left.

快到市镇时，你就可以看见左边的学院。

5. afford vt. 买得起；有能力支付

afford直接跟名词或动词不定式作宾语，常和情态动词can或be able to连用。

He can afford the apartment.

他能买得起这套住房。

We werent able to afford to buy such an expensive car at that time.

我们那时买不起这么昂贵的汽车。

6. exchange vt. 交换

（1） exchange sth （with sb） （与某人）交换某物

Juliet and David exchanged glances.

朱丽叶和戴维相互看了看对方。

I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.

我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。

（2） exchange A for B 用A去换B

You can exchange your current for dollars in the hotel.

你可以在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。

May I exchange this for something？

我可以用这个换别的东西吗？

exchangeable adj. 可交换的；可交易的；可兑换的

7. fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的

（1） be fortunate in 在……方面很幸运

He is fortunate in having such nice friends.

他真幸运，有这样好的朋友。

（2） be fortunate to do sth 做某事很幸运

You are very fortunate to have such a pleasant house.

你真幸运，有这么好的房子。

（3） fortunate （for sb） that （对某人）幸运的是……

Its very fortunate that we have Emma here.

真幸运，爱玛和我们在一起。

fortune n. 财富；运气

unfortunate adj. 不幸的

fortunately adv. 幸运地

8. attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的

...be attractive to sb ……对某人有吸引力

Her beauty is very attractive to him.

她的美貌对他很有吸引力。

Mr Li is becoming attractive to her.

李先生变得对她具有吸引力了。

attract v. 吸引；使喜爱；引起……好感

attraction n. 吸引（力）；有吸引力的人或物

9. survive vi. & vt. 死里逃生；大难不死；艰难度过

Of the six people injured in the plane crash， only two survived.

在飞机坠毁中受伤的六个人中，只有两个人活了下来。

（1） survive from sth 從……幸存下来

Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.

有些奇异的风俗是从早年留存下来的。

（2） survive on 靠……活下来；靠……生活

I cant survive on ￡40 a week.

一个星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。

（3） survive as 作为……生存下去

He survived as party leader until his second election defeat.

直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。

10. contact vt. & n. 联络；联系某人

（1） contact sb 联络、联系某人

If you are free， please contact me.

如果你有空，请联系我。

Contact the police immediately.

立刻与警方联络。

（2） be in contact with 和……有联系

Have you been in contact with your sister recently？

最近你和你的姐姐有联系吗？

（3） be out of contact with 和……没有联系

I have been out of contact with her for three years.

我和她失去联系已有三年。

（4） lose contact with 与……失去联络

In the World War II， too many friends lost contact with each other.

在第二次世界大战中，许多朋友失去了联系。

（5） stay/keep in contact with 与……保持联系

Though they havent seen each other for a long time， they still stay in contact with each other on the Internet.

尽管已很长时间没见面了，他们仍在网上保持联系。

（6） make contact with 与……取得联系

They made contact with headquarters by radio.

他们用无线电跟总部取得了联系。

（7） come into contact with 与……接触；碰见

There I came into contact with some artists.

在那儿我接触了一些艺术家。

11. a number of 许多；大量

a number of，the number of，numbers of 均修饰可数名词，区别如下：

（1） a number of 许多；大量（谓语动词用复数）

A number of students have read this book.

很多学生都读了这本书。

（2） the number of ……的数目（谓语动词用单数）

The number of giant pandas is growing.

大熊猫的数量在增加。

（3） numbers of 很多（谓语动词用复数）

Huge numbers of birds have flocked together by the lake.

成群的鸟聚集在湖畔。

12. a great many 许多；大量

a great many修饰可数名词复数（谓语动词用复数）

The young couple has traveled a great many cities since they got married.

这对年轻夫妇自从结婚后已经旅行了很多城市。

A great many students were sent to the West to help the children there.

大量学生被派往西部帮助那里的孩子。

比较：a great many和a great many of的區别

（1） a great many后直接修饰名词，名词可以有修饰语。

a great many students/a great many young students

（2） a great many of后主要接：

①代词：a great many of them

②受冠词修饰的名词：a great many of the students

③受these， those修饰的名词：a great many of these students

④受物主代词修饰的名词：a great many of my students

⑤受所有格修饰的名词：a great many of Toms students

13. put up 修建；建立；树立

put up a building/fence/memorial/tent

盖楼房 / 架篱笆 / 修纪念碑 / 搭帐篷

（1） 怂恿；唆使

I cant believe hed do a thing like that on his own. He must have been put up to it by some of the older boys.

我不相信他会主动干那种事，一定是有些年龄大的男孩子叫他干的。

（2） 提升；使升高

She put her hair up.

她把头发绾在头上。

（3） 提高；增加

My landlord is threatening to put the rent up by 10 a week.

我的房东要挟说要把每周租金提高10英镑。

（4） 留某人住在家中

We can put you up for the night.

我们可以招待你过夜。

（5）（在战斗、竞赛中）显示；表现

They surrendered without putting up much of a fight.

他们没怎么抵抗就投降了。

（6） 推荐；提名

The Green Party hopes to put up a number of candidates in the General Election.

绿党希望提出若干候选人参加大选。

（7） 张贴；置……于明显位置

put up a notice/a poster 张贴通知 / 海报

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

A

Below is a discussion on a website.

http：//www.TalkingPoints.com/

On an island

Started on 23rd April by Steve Posts 1 – 7 of 42

Post 1

Steve

USA Hi， everyone. What would you miss most and least if you were on an island？ For me， it would be the changing season in New England. I guess this will sound stupid， but Id miss the rain， too. I wouldnt miss getting up at six every day to go to work， though！ What about you？

Post 2

Tomas

Germany Good question， Steve. I think Id miss different kinds of bread， and shopping at the supermarket. Id miss the food most. What would I miss least？ My mobile phone. Id like to be completely quiet—at least for an hour.

Post 3

Paola

Italy I would miss my friends and workmates because I know Id like to share experiences with them. Id go crazy on my own. And Im sure I wouldnt miss junk mail. I hate coming home every evening and a lot of junk mails in my post box.

Post 4

Miko

Japan Hi， I would miss Manga cartoon， the Internet and Japanese food， like sushi. Id also miss TV shows and shopping for clothes... In fact， Id miss everything.

Post 5

Roger

UK I would miss my daily newspaper and listening to the news on TV and radio. Id feel very cut off if I didnt know what was happening in the world. What Id miss least would be traffic jams （堵車） in the city， especially my journey to work.

Post 6

Jayne Why hasnt anyone mentioned their family？ Id be lost without my husband and two kids. Theyre the most important people for me. And I cant get started in the morning without a cup of black coffee. I wouldnt miss doing the housework！

Post 7

Jaime

Mexico It would have to be music. I couldnt live without my music. I wouldnt miss going to school at all or doing homework！

1. Who would miss the family most？

A. Jaime. B. Jayne. C. Miko. D. Paola.

2. Who would feel most uncomfortable without the news media？

A. Steve. B. Jaime. C. Roger. D. Tomas.

3. Who would miss mobile phone least？

A. Paola. B. Tomas. C. Miko. D. Steve.

4. How many of the seven persons would miss food or drink？

A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.

B

Tony Wheeler was born to travel. His father worked for an airline. For the first 16 years of his life， Wheeler and his family lived in many different countries.

In the early 1970s， Wheeler met a young woman named Maureen. They soon married. Before getting jobs， Tony and Maureen wanted to travel. They took a year-long trip from London， through Asia， to Australia. On the trip， they visited places like India， Iran， and Afghanistan.

When Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia， people asked many questions about their trip. To answer these questions， Wheeler wrote a guidebook called Across Asia on the Cheap. The book told people about different countries weather， customs， and places to see. But unlike travel guides in the 1970s， Wheelers book also talked about places most tourists did not go. He also wrote about unusual things to see and do. The book was very popular.

Wheeler and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet. They continued travelling. They wrote guidebooks for each place they visited. Today， 400 people work for Lonely Planet. The company has over 650 guidebooks. Wheeler still writes about travel “hot spots” （for example， Cambodia in Asia and Croatia in Europe）. For more information， read the books！

5. Tony Wheelers first guidebook was about a trip ___ .

A. from Australia to the United Kingdom

B. from Australia to Afghanistan

C. from England to Australia

D. from Asia to England

6. Why did Tony Wheeler write his first guidebook？

A. He needed the money.

B. He liked writing books.

C. His wife asked him to do it.

D. Many people asked questions about his travels.

7. How was Across Asia on the Cheap different from other travel guides？

A. It was longer and more expensive.

B. It was the first guidebook about Asia.

C. It talked about places most tourists did not go.

D. It told people about a countrys weather， customs， and places to see.

8. What is true about Tony according to the text？

A. He has left Lonely Planet.

B. His first guidebook was not popular.

C. He still travels and writes guidebooks.

D. He didnt travel with Maureen after the first trip.

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

It was Toms first visit to England， and he was looking forward to his first journey， on Londons Underground Railway. And against his friends ， he was determined to travel .

He entered the station shortly after five oclock in the afternoon. This is a time to travel in London， crowds of people go home from work at this hour. He to join a long line of people waiting for tickets. When at last his came， he had some difficulty in making himself understood by the ticket seller. ， he got the right ticket in the end and by asking people the ， he also found the right platform. It was tight with people. He did not to get on the first train， but he was able to move nearer to the platform so as to be in a better to get on the next one. When this train came in， Tom was forward onto the train by the of people from behind. The doors closed and the train moved off. He was unable to see the of the stations where the train ， but he knew that the station he wanted was the sixth stop along the line. When the train the sixth station， Tom got off， feeling that his journey had been so easy. But he suddenly realized that he had come to a station he had never . He explained his to a man who was standing on the platform. With a smile on his face， he told Tom that he had a train going in the opposite direction.

1. A. thought B. advice C. relation D. action

2. A. alone B. abroad C. freely D. bravely

3. A. short B. certain C. possible D. bad

4. A. for B. and C. so D. but

5. A. planned B. had C. happened D. hoped

6. A. luck B. time C. chance D. turn

7. A. Thus B. Instead C. Therefore D. However

8. A. question B. way C. place D. condition

9. A. packed B. mixed C. covered D. held

10. A. manage B. try C. agree D. expect

11. A. situation B. direction C. position D. seat

12. A. fought B. swept C. drawn D. brought

13. A. speed B. support C. challenge D. push

14. A. signs B. points C. names D. numbers

15. A. left B. stopped C. turned D. moved

16. A. passed B. changed C. reached D. followed

17. A. glad B. sick C. sorry D. tired

18. A. thought of B. heard of C. arrived at D. talked about

19. A. result B. mistake C. difficulty D. ticket

20. A. got B. caught C. met D. travelled