如何恰当地表达情绪

徐颖

全国新课标I卷书面表达的体裁近些年一直是应用文。应用文涉及书信、留言、邀请信、求助信、申请信、约稿等等，它们贴近生活，能反映同学们在真实情境下的语言运用水平。在这些应用文中，情绪的表达奠定了文章的基调，起着非常重要的作用。

情绪的表达

情绪其实是一个心理学名词，指的人的内心世界的外在表达方式。我们所了解的最基本的情绪有喜、怒、哀、乐、愁等，还有一些微妙的情绪如嫉妒、惭愧、羞耻、自豪等等。下面列举一些常见英语表达方式：

高兴 Im delighted that I got the job.

I feel great today.

Terrific！/Wonderful！

生气 angry/annoyed/irritated

情绪化 emotional

多愁善感 sentimental

悲伤 Im depressed/upset/unhappy/sad/sorrowful.

Its depressing.

失望 What a disappointment！

What a pity！

You let me down.

Im disappointed about/at ...

Thats disappointing.

无助 helpless/desperate

兴奋 Im excited to know ...

Im so excited that ...

How exciting！

To my excitement ...

热情 We are enthusiastic/passionate about ...

Your enthusiasm affected all of us.

乐观 I have faith in you.

I have confidence in you.

There is no doubt that we will win.

Im lucky.

positive

自豪 Im proud of/to do ...

同情 Im so sorry to hear that.

Im full of pity for ...

[恐惧] I was frightened/very shocked/scared/terrified/horrified.

厌恶 Terrible！

尴尬 embarrassed/embarrassing

嫉妒 envious

困惑 I was confused about the dates.

压力 stressed/tense

放松 relaxed

遺憾 Its a pity that ...

惭愧 be ashamed of

熟悉以上列举的各种情绪表达方式，识记并灵活运用基本的情绪表达的词汇和句子，在把握不同应用文上就占得了先机，使得文章情感表达自如，语言得体。

各体裁应用文中不同情绪表达方式

不同的应用文，由于写作目的不同，写作中所表达的情绪也有差异。下面以不同体裁应用文为例，探讨在不同的应用文中情绪的表达方式。

1. 感谢信

感谢信是为了表示感谢的一种专用的书信。写信人可以是个人或组织，收信人也可以是个人或组织。

如果是个人写给个人的感谢信，表达感谢之情可使用的表达有：

Thanks to your timely encouragement， I finally restored my confidence and my passion was lit up again.

Im sincerely grateful for your generous recommendation.

I cant tell how much I owe you ...

It was thoughtful/considerate of you to ...

Had it not been for your assistance， I wouldnt have succeeded in ...

个人写给组织，语气应该更为礼貌和正式。

可使用的表达有：

I would like to express/extend my sincere gratitude to those who helped me.

Thank you again for your generosity/hospitality/generous help.

We are very appreciative of your invitation.

2. 投诉信

投诉信的目的是表达不满进而解决问题。如果产品或服务、条件略微有瑕疵，可以表达不满或经过“抑制”的愤怒——毕竟人们都不喜欢收到投诉，所以语言要有礼有节。如：

I am writing to make a complaint to express my dissatisfaction about ...

I would quite appreciate if you could stop playing your sound system at such late hours.

Unfortunately， it ...

I hope you can give me a satisfying reply and deal with this matter seriously.

当然，如果情况非常糟糕，让人无法忍受，投诉方遭受了巨大损失，就没有必要过于婉转，需要适时表达愤怒了。如：

Im writing to complain about the quality of your product.

It is high time you took some measures to solve ...

I felt disappointed that such bad service could have happened in a so-called five-star department store.

Its a shame that such a pretty girl should have done this.

I sincerely hope such things will never take place again.

I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation， I will be forced to take legal action.

3. 道歉信

道歉信的目的是表达歉意，消除误解，增进信任。表达歉意要诚恳，用词要委婉、温和。

常见的表达有：

Im afraid I cant go to the concert ...

I write to apologize for having caused ...

Please accept my apology for not returning your book a bit earlier.

Im writing to express my apology for ...

Im terribly/truly sorry for ...

4. 申请信

申请信的类型比较多样，有求职申请、报考申请、留学申请等。不论什么类型的申请，其目的都是希望被申请单位考虑自己的申请，然后表达谢意，期盼回复。所以表达请求要诚恳、有理有力。

常见的表达方式有：

Im confident that I am suitable for the kind of job you are advertising ...

I will devote myself to it if I can get it.

I would be very grateful to you if you ...

Should you grant me a personal interview， I would be most grateful.

I would appreciate it if you can give a chance.

I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience.

Thank you for considering my application.

Look forward to your reply/the interview！

5. 求助信

求助信的情緒表达最为明显。要适当表达出焦虑或困惑，才能得到被求助方的重视。

可以考虑的表达方式如下：

I felt so nervous/anxious ...

Worried about my academic performance， I had a long talk with my parents.

Depressed and frustrated， I was in low spirits.

Feeling miserable and regretful， I decided to keep my eyes upon the goal and stick to it.

6. 建议信

建议信旨在提出有针对性的意见和建议，建议信也有解决问题、安慰求助者的功能。所以语言要准确、清晰、礼貌、体贴，这样才易于被对方接受。

针对组织的建议我们可以考虑使用：

I think it would be a good idea/more beneficial if you could ...

I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/recommendations practical/useful/helpful.

针对个人的建议可使用如下表达：

Im sorry to hear/learn that ...

Dont worry about your study you will soon become ...

Cheer up， my best friend.

7. 邀请信

邀请信一般是各项活动的邀请，通过发出邀请，期盼被邀请人接受邀请或得到回复。邀请信要表达出请求、期盼，有时辅以适当的感激和兴奋之情。

可使用的表达方式如下：

Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home ...

Would you please write something about ...？

We would be honored to have you there with us.

Let me know if you are interested.

Im looking forward to hearing from you.

It must be very interesting and exciting.

8. 演講稿

演讲的目的是说服。演讲者的情绪会带动听众，产生强大的感染力。有感染力的演讲稿简洁明快，充满激情。针对不同的演讲内容，演讲稿所采用的情绪表达是不同的，或高兴，或生气，或愤怒，或热情，这些情绪的表达在前几部分都有阐述。本部分仅列举演讲开头的礼貌表达方式。如：

It is my pleasure to ...

It is a great honor for me to speak here to welcome our guests.

I feel great honored to be here ...

Im very happy to have this opportunity to ...

We are honored today to be joined by our distinguished guest ...

We are lucky to have you here ...

范文赏析

（2016·全国卷I） 假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Mr. Jenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

这是一封求助信（请求信）。第一段道出写信目的，第二段写原因和具体请求内容，第三段表达感谢。以下范文中的画线部分表达出了尊重、适度的紧张和感谢之情。

范文

Dear Mr. Jenkins，

Im Li Hua from English writing class last lesson. Im writing to ask for your help.

Im applying for a part-time job at a foreign company in my city during the summer vacation， and I have just completed my application letter and resume. However， I am not quite sure of the language and the format Ive used. I know you have a very busy schedule， but Id be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and make necessary changes. Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment.

Thank you for your kindness！

Yours，

Li Hua