推荐论文摘要

基于历史地图数字化分析的城市空间特色演进研究

张赫，陈天，程功，等

推荐论文摘要

基于历史地图数字化分析的城市空间特色演进研究

张赫，陈天，程功，等

针对传统研究中城市空间演变的历史阶段划分依据和方法的问题，利用城市历史地图数字化后的资料平台，运用紧凑度指数、空间整合度指数和分形指数的相关原理，基于GIS、空间句法等相关技术，对城市建成区范围、路网结构、街区肌理等典型系统的空间演变过程进行定量化的数字模拟分析，探寻城市空间演变中不同系统的几何或数字逻辑关系与城市空间整体格局变化的关联，进而确定城市空间特色的自组织规律节点。并以天津中心城区为例，实证了相关方法在城市空间演变历史阶段划分中的应用。

历史地图转译；城市空间特色；矢量数字分析；演进阶段

来源出版物:城市发展研究, 2013, 20(7): 11-16

社会冲突、利益博弈与历史街区更新改造——以广州市恩宁路为例

谢涤湘，朱雪梅

摘要:随着我国城市文化经济、遗产经济的发展、社会利益多元化与社会治理结构的转型，历史街区的更新正面临新的机遇与挑战，传统的“自上而下”“片面追求经济发展”的更新改造模式已明显不能适应新时期需要。本文以广州市恩宁路为例，探讨了历史街区更新改造转型中的社会冲突和利益博弈，分析了各社会行动者在历史街区更新中所扮演的角色，并指出因应“市民社会”的发展、城市治理的转型，历史街区的更新需要充分而有效的公众参与，以保障各利益相关者合法权益，而公众参与的发展，也有利于“市民社会”的成熟发展。

关键词:历史街区；更新；冲突；利益博弈；恩宁路来源出版物:城市发展研究, 2014, (3): 86-92

历史文化街区保护中的交通安宁化

卓健

摘要:历史文化街区是我国城市遗产保护工作的重要层次和关键，其街巷空间大多形成于小汽车使用之前，因此并不适于机动交通通行。在当前快速机动化的背景下，小汽车交通的增长对历史文化街区的保护带来了冲击，机动交通组织成为街区保护必须正视的问题，但通用的道路交通规划设计或街区步行化都难以满足历史街区长效保护的要求。为此，借鉴欧洲城市交通安宁化的实践经验和并结合其最新进展，澄清我国在交通安宁化理念上的一些认识偏差，选取巴黎内城这一历史中心城区作为案例具体说明安宁化措施的运用。最后，探讨这一政策措施应用于我国历史街区保护的可行性以及需要注意的特殊问题。

关键词:历史文化街区；交通安宁化；小汽车交通；安宁化街区；步行区；巴黎

来源出版物:城市规划学刊, 2014, (4): 71-79

文化规划主导下的城市老工业区保护与更新

李和平，肖瑶

摘要:研究针对当前我国工业遗产保护与更新过程中老工业区被大面积拆除、工业遗产整体性价值被忽视等问题，探讨了文化规划在城市建设中的价值及其对老工业区，保护与更新的现实意义，提出以文化规划为指导进行工业遗产保护与更新的主张，并以重庆钢铁厂老工业区城市设计为例，从文化资源评估、文化规划内容纲要和文化规划空间实践三个方面提供老工业区文化规划的实施方向，希望为解决我国城市老工业区改造问题提供思路。

关键词:文化规划；老工业区；保护与更新

来源出版物:规划师, 2014, (7): 40-44

历史公园保护与发展策略

周向频，刘曦婷

摘要:历史公园拥有的遗产价值已得到越来越广泛的认知。与古典园林遗产不同，历史公园还具有当代的使用功能，需要兼顾保护与改造的双重目标。英国邱园（英国皇家植物园）是第二个世界遗产保护的专类历史公园，其制定的遗产保护管理规划，不仅保护强化了邱园的遗产价值，也实现了邱园在当代社会的角色转型。在梳理邱园250年发展历程的基础上，分析邱园遗产保护与管理规划的内容，探讨邱园保护与发展策略的成功之处，为我国历史公园的保护提供参考与借鉴。

关键词:风景园林；历史公园；遗产；保护与发展；邱园

来源出版物:中国园林, 2014, (2): 33-38

国外工业遗产保护和更新的借鉴

李勤，孟海

摘要:近年来，随着技术革新与城市产业结构调整，很多传统产业基地逐渐出现衰退，城市中留下了大量的城市工业遗产，而关于其保护与更新问题，也逐渐成为了学术界关注与研究的热点。针对目前我国相关研究存在的问题，在总结国外先进的保护经验基础上，探索城市工业遗产保护与再利用的优化策略。

关键词:工业遗产；保护更新；优化策略

来源出版物:工业建筑, 2014, 33(10): 176-180

生态城理论与实践研究进程中的绿色街区思维

臧鑫宇，陈天，王峤

摘要:系统阐述了国内外生态城市的理论研究及实践历程，探讨了生态、绿色、低碳概念之间的区别与联系，分析了我国出现的生态城现象及存在问题，提出生态城规划与建设的实效性趋势，从城市生态学、城市形态学、城市文化学角度提出生态城绿色街区概念，指出绿色街区在生态城市设计体系中的重要作用。

关键词:生态城；绿色街区；实效性；生态城市设计

来源出版物:建筑学报, 2014, (S1): 143-147

城乡历史文化聚落——文化遗产区域整体保护的新类型

张兵

摘要:我国有文物保护单位、历史文化名城名镇名村、传统村落、历史文化街区、古村落建筑群、历史建筑以及以非物质文化遗产保护为主的文化生态保护区等文化遗产的分类。为了更好地保护区域层面保存至今仍较为完整的一些板块状的历史文化遗存，提出“城乡历史文化聚落”的概念。这个概念包括三个要素：首先是跨越一个以上城市行政边界的区战性地理单元；二是呈现出有别于其他区域地理单元的、其生成历史和演化历程以及有形遗产和无形遗产方面有许多共同性和相似性的地域文化色彩；三是富集着丰富多样的、具有复合性和整体性价值的历史文化遗产要素。笔者在过去提出的“系统性与关联性”特征基础上，进一步研究了“城乡历史文化聚落”具有的区域性与单元性、文化的共性与个性等内在特征，认为这些特征的认识直接影响到对历史文化价值的评估和认识。作为结论部分，反思了我国文化遗产认识方法上存在的问题，提出随着文化遗产保护体系的不断完善以及保护与发展实践领域的拓展，认识方法应当从“分”走向“合”，保护方法上从“分类保护”走向“整体保护”。这里所提出的“城乡历史文化聚落”，作为文化遗产的一种类型，正代表了这样一个新的趋势。

关键词:城乡历史文化聚落；文化单元；区域整体保护；文化遗产

来源出版物:城市规划学刊, 2015, (6): 46-49

中国村落遗产保护中活态文化标准的可能性分析——从亚太地区文化遗产保护奖与中国传统村落评定的比较说起

张天新，王敏

摘要:价值观与思维方式的差异，造成了东西方文化遗产不同的产生和延续方式。然而长期以来，作为东方文化体系的重要代表，中国村落遗产的评价与保护却缺乏从自身特点出发的考量，更多地遵从西方主流价值观影响下的遗产保护理念。从历史文化名村到最新的“传统村落”等各类村落遗产的评价标准，基本上是西方“物质真实”理念下的产物，而对居民社会组织、传统工艺技术、组织施工方式、日常生活需求等活态文化的重视不够。对比亚洲“文化真实”语境下的遗产保护实践——联合国教科文组织设立的亚太地区文化遗产保护奖，中国村落遗产的评价标准有必要在非物质文化、文化活态性、技术标准的传统性及面向未来的过程性4个方面进行补充和扩展。

关键词:风景园林；评定标准；价值差异；村落遗产；亚太遗传奖

来源出版物:中国园林, 2015, (4): 129-136

从新天地到老门东——城市更新中历史文化价值的异化与回归

吴晓庆，张京祥

摘要:1990年代以来，随着城市肌理在大规模的更新中遭到破坏，城市特色逐渐丧失，学术界开始关注城市更新中对文化遗产的保护。而近年来，“文化战略”已逐步成为当今城市发展的一个重要战略趋势，也成为了提升城市文化软实力和经济竞争力的关键所在。作为承载着较多文化基因的历史地段，其文化价值更是被一再挖掘和利用，中主要包括两种模式：一种是随着全球文化的不断深入，城市本地的历史文化被不断异化，导致了城市文化的去本土化和同质化等问题；另一种是城市立足于对本土历史文化的价值回归，通过差异化的空间生产方式来提升城市的综合竞争力。本文着重对上海新天地历史文化价值的异化、南京老门东历史文化价值的回归进行对比分析，探讨在城市更新过程中基于综合效益最大化的历史文化价值的保护与利用方式。

关键词:文化价值；异化；回归；新天地；老门东

来源出版物:现代城市研究, 2015(3): 86-92

上海黄浦江两岸再开发地区的工业遗产保护与再生

张松

摘要:以上海黄浦江两岸地区重点综合开发项目为研究案例，针对 2010上海世博会会址、徐汇滨江地区两处重点地段的工业遗产分布状况、类型以及保护利用情况进行全面分析和评价，对重大活动（世博）主导、市区政府不同主体推进开发项目中工业遗产的保护状况进行了比较研究，并对今后推进城市更新规划过程中工业遗产地区整体复兴等问题做了展望。

关键词:工业遗产；保护与再生；工业遗产地区；整体复兴

来源出版物:城市规划学刊, 2015, (2): 102-109

生态城理论与实践研究进程中的绿色街区思维

臧鑫宇，陈天，王峤

摘要:系统阐述了国内外生态城市的理论研究及实践历程，探讨了生态、绿色、低碳概念之间的区别与联系，分析了我国出现的生态城现象及存在问题，提出生态城规划与建设的实效性趋势，从城市生态学、城市形态学、城市文化学角度提出生态城绿色街区概念，指出绿色街区在生态城市设计体系中的重要作用。

关键词:生态城；绿色街区；实效性；生态城市设计

来源出版物:城市规划, 2015, (S1): 143-147

台湾地区历史地段城市更新经验及其启示

张乔棻

摘要:台湾地区自1895年实施城市规划至今已百余年，随着时代的变迁，许多旧市中心区及老旧衰败地区问题也逐渐浮现。城市历史地段的更新横跨了城市更新及文化遗产保护2个研究领域，与一般旧市中心区的更新相比情况也相对复杂。历史地段是城市之中最为老旧的区域，但在兼顾文化遗产保护的同时，仍须顺应时代的变迁及居民现代化生活的需要。首先，梳理了国际上与台湾地区的历史地段更新思潮演进，其次，对台湾地区目前历史地段更新规划的相关法令、实施方式及更新理念进行介绍。以台南总爷老街为案例，说明历史地段的更新是如何整合城市更新与文化遗产保护理念于物质环境改造手法之中，借由整建维护的更新方式达成促进城市整体发展的综合性目标。透过检讨台湾地区近 40年的城市更新政策实践的经验，从文化遗产保护的视角出发，为中国大陆城市更新政策制定与执行提供更多借鉴。

关键词:城市更新；文化遗产保护；历史地段；台湾省来源出版物:地域研究与开发, 2015, (5): 84-89

基于文化生态及复杂系统的城乡文化遗产保护

阳建强

摘要:简要回顾了我国城乡文化遗产保护的发展历程，针对近年来新的发展趋向，从文化生态、多维价值和复杂系统三方面对城乡文化遗产的基本属性进行了分析，提出突破单一空间保护融入更为宏观的文化生态，建立基于核心价值的文化遗产保护体系，融入复杂开放系统走向活态的可持续发展，以及加强公共政策促进多部门和相关利益者的综合协调等拓展思路和建议，最后结合徽州文化生态保护区规划、武汉市主城历史文化与风貌街区体系规划和大运河（无锡段）遗产保护规划的实践探索，对相关问题进行了讨论和研究。

关键词:城乡文化遗产保护；文化生态；复杂系统；城市发展

来源出版物:城市规划, 2016, (4): 103-109

人居型世界遗产保护规划探索——以平遥古城为例

邵甬，胡力骏，赵洁，等

摘要:人居型世界遗产是传统的人类居住地的杰出范例，其中的传统生活与传统空间相互依存共生，具有遗产和生活的双重属性，是一种“活态遗产”。通过分析人居型世界遗产的特征和价值，指出建立“遗产保护”与“人居改善”的双重目标以及“以居民为核心”的保护方法的重要性。在分析中国人居型世界遗产现实问题的基础上，以平遥古城为例，解析其在 2006年以后在新的理念引导下保护规划及其实施保障制度的新探索，包括价值阐释、针时遗产“整体性”的保护框架、针对遗产“动态性”的建设控制和监测体系，以及落实“以居民为核心”的规划理念的具体措施等，为中国人居型世界遗产以及历史文化名城名镇名村的保护与可持续发展提供借鉴。

关键词:人居型世界遗产；活态遗产；保护规划；平遥古城

来源出版物:城市规划学刊, 2016, (5): 94-102

不仅仅为了游客：论历史城市景观在当代宜居城市

中扮演的“基础设施”角色

G·贝特兰多·博凡蒂尼，谢舒逸

摘要:本文认为，历史中心在当代城市中正逐渐成为以追求城市旅游经济为目标的“主题公园”，这一做法值得商榷——其继承了过去陈旧的功能主义观念，自上个世纪

60年代以来，被许多批评家广为诟病——其局限性在于太过概念化和实施不当，比如滥用城市规划的分区理论与技术，以及对居住空间的忽视。将当代城市视为并当作主题公园和高度专门化的城市区域的拼接物构筑起来，这将在一定程度上破坏城市真正的宜居条件。与之相反，历史中心可以作为一种“城市基础设施”，在当今城市中扮演一个富有意义的、多重的、综合性的角色。

关键词:历史中心；城市遗产；城市规划原则；城市更新；当代城市；宜居性

来源出版物:国际城市规划, 2016, (2): 61-65

非物质文化遗产保护及历史地段更新研究

陈星，杨豪中

摘要:历史地段更新通常被认为是一种主要和强有力的延缓地区衰败的方法。在更新中，物质文化遗产、历史风貌和基础设施被给予了太多的关注，而非物质文化遗产往往并不那么被重视。非物质文化遗产是历史文化遗产重要的组成部分，能够在很大程度上促进地区个性的生成和可持续发展。通过在扬州历史地段上已经更新和正在更新的两个案例，分析这两个历史地段的衰退现象及其影响因素。在此基础上，重点研究在历史地段中非物质文化遗产的功能和作用机理，通过深入理解非物质文化遗产在地段中的发展规律，提出促进历史街区和非物质文化遗产共同发展的建议。

关键词:非物质文化遗产；历史地段；更新；衰退来源出版物:工业建筑, 2016, (4): 44-50

景观遗产——西方的自然、精神灵性与审美

海伦·阿姆斯特朗，韩锋

摘要:基于对中国文化的理解，从古代自然的精神灵性着手，梳理西方景观的精神与审美发展历史，强调文化诠释在遗产景观中的差异性和重要性。东西方古代景观在最初均具有强烈的精神和道德价值。在中国，自然对于精神的重要性，通过儒、释、道等文化的糅杂一直延续至今。在西方，古代自然的精神性价值并未得到延续。景观及其自然本身所蕴含的精神价值转变为对伦理和美的形式的关注，直至 17世纪审美科学的引入。西方理性主义、科学和计量学自 17世纪始不断发展，至今一直占据着主导地位。18—20世纪，德国和英国哲学家们就审美、景观、遗产和自然的议题进一步争论。21世纪,世界遗产价值仍依照西方一贯的计量评价方法，在既有标准下，以客观价值评价为主导，排斥与主观因素相关的精神和审美价值，导致了中西方景观遗产保护和管理的价值分歧。

关键词:风景园林；文化景观；审美；景观；精神性；西方；东方；哲学；遗产

来源出版物:中国园林, 2017, (1): 55-60

矛盾共轭：历史街区内生平衡的保护思路与方法

肖竞，曹珂

摘要:结合国家经济社会发展从“增量扩张”向“存量优化”转型的宏观背景，提出以“内生平衡（自平衡）”替代“外力干预”重新审视历史街区保护问题的新思路；并通过对共轭理论及其哲学内涵的引介与辨析，建构出以历史街区内生矛盾要素的“共轭平衡”促成街区“有机演进”的保护方法框架。在此基础上，进一步剖析了历史街区中生产与生活职能、新添与旧有建筑、本地与外来人群、日常与仪典活动、公共与私有权域五组核心矛盾议题的不同共轭机制及其共轭平衡达成的具体路径，以期拓展、丰富既有保护理论并为街区平衡调节的定量研究提供机理与逻辑支撑。

关键词:历史街区；矛盾制衡；多维共轭；内生平衡；有机演进

来源出版物:城市发展研究, 2017, (3): 38-46

来源出版物: Advanced Materials Research, 2012, (544):256-261

Culture and authenticity in urban regeneration processes: Place branding in central Barcelona

Rius Ulldemolins, Joaquim

Abstract: In the post-Fordist economy, culture has become an important resource for cities to compete at the regional and international levels. Thus, local elites have used culture as an instrument of urban regeneration and these processes increasingly seek to promote urban branding.Moreover, culture is seen as a way to generate narratives that help cities avoid the perception of standardisation,characterise cities as a unique urban space and create authenticity, which are necessary elements if a city is to be globally competitive. The case of central Barcelona and,specifically, the Raval district is exemplary and singular:the joint action of the cultural institutions and representatives of the cultural sector based in the neighbourhood have turned the Raval into an brand space of ‘authentic Barcelona’ that makes the official, touristfrequented Barcelona more rich and complex.

Key words::Barcelona; cultural policy; place branding;post-fordist economy; urban regeneration

来源出版物:Urban Studies, 2014, 51(14): 3026-3045

Cities as networks within networks of cities:The evolution of the city/firm-duality in the world city network, 2000-2010

Liu, Xingjian; Derudder, Ben; Witlox, Frank; et al.

Abstract: We explore the temporal evolution of cities and firms (i.e. both modes) in a two-mode intercity corporate network formed by 50 leading advanced producer service firms across 154 cities for the years 2000 and 2010.Drawing upon one-mode network projection and three network centralities, we assess the shifting positions of individual cities and firms in the one-mode intercity and interfirm networks. Major findings include: (1) the intercity network is more stable and hierarchical than the interfirm network; (2) brokerage functions, as captured by betweenness centrality, remain highly uneven for both cities and firms. For example, New York and London’s distinct positions as the world’s leading producer service centres remain intact; and (3) regional and sectoral tendencies are evident in terms of growth rates of centralities.

Key words::Duality; two-mode networks; intercity corporate network; temporal evolution

来源出版物:Journal of Economic and Social Geography,2014, 105(4): 465-482

Towards collaborative approach? Investigating the regeneration of urban village in Guangzhou, China

Zhou, Zhihua

Abstract: Along with the green-land shortage and the low use efficiency of urban land as a result of rapid urban sprawl in the past three decades, the issue of urban regeneration has been recently brought to the governance agenda by the new leadership in China. This paper examines the regeneration of the urban village sector in Guangzhou and finds that the institutional dichotomy of the rural and urban system is not only the root of the emergence and proliferation of urban villages, but also becomes the obstacle for their regenerations. The core of urban village regeneration is the redistribution of interest derived from land appreciation among main stakeholders,and their joint commitment via a collaborative partnership is the key to the successful project implementation. Thoughthe collaborative approach for urban regeneration is acknowledged in the West and in the case study, the top-down hierarchical governance approach, the strong government-dominated ideology as a result of the legacy of socialism, and the economic-led developmental mode will fundamentally set the form of collaboration in China apart from other counties. Even within China there is no single universal and prescribed form of collaboration for urban regeneration due to the variations in terms of geographical,demographical and socio-economic conditions for urban development.

Key words::urban village; regeneration; collaborative partnership; China

来源出版物:Habitat International, 2014, 44: 297-305

Evidence-based spatial intervention for the regeneration of deteriorating urban areas:A case study from Tehran, Iran

Rismanchian, Omid; Bell, Simon

Abstract: Throughout the urban development process over the last seven decades in Tehran, many deprived neighbourhoods have developed. The main spatial attribute of these neighbourhoods is spatial isolation from the surrounding, more affluent areas, inadequate urban infrastructure and a lack of accessibility and permeability.This article discusses a method of developing a route filtering system and a transformability index for identifying the most suitable streets for the creation of a pedestrian-friendly network as a potentially socioeconomic stimulus zone, using an example of a deprived area. The theory of ‘Natural Movement’ formed the basis of the research, the spatial pattern being analysed through Space Syntax using Depthmap software and ArcGIS 9.3(GIS). The results showed that it is possible to identify the underlying spatial pattern using this approach and this could form a cost effective basis for developing a pedestrian-friendly street network, in order to release the deprived area from its spatial isolation.

Key words::transformability index; route filtering system;space syntax; urban regeneration; GIS

来源出版物:Urban Design International, 2014, 19(1): 1-21

Urban regeneration in the context of post-Soviet transformation: Lithuanian experience

Grazuleviciute-Vileniske, Indre; Urbonas, Vilius

Abstract: Our research concentrates on the countries,which had emerged after the collapse of the Soviet bloc,and the possible distinctive influence of the social and institutional environment of these countries on the process and outcomes of city center regeneration. The theoretical section includes the definition of the main concepts used in our research. First of all the countries undergoing the post-Soviet transformation were defined and then the concept of “urban regeneration” was explained. Here we also distinguished the main features of societies and institutional environment of the post-Soviet countries including the collision of different sets of values and lack of conscious value orientations and value systems, lack of individual initiative and personal responsibility, low level of participation in public domain, tendency towards non-transparent decision making, culture of complaint,climate of mistrust, increasing uncertainty and pessimism.In the section of results we had elaborated and discussed the hypothesis that these features affect the image and treatment of the historic built environment and especially of historic urban centers. Further we distinguish three dimensions-features of urban space, governance structures,and social milieu-and, based on literature and Lithuanian experience, distinguish what features of these dimensions and how make it easier or inhibit the urban regeneration.In the concluding sections we outline the basic findings and further research proposals and present the summary matrix of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of urban regeneration in the context of post-Soviet transformation. The matrix could be useful both for the future research and for the decision making in practice of city center regeneration. From the preset outcomes of our research, we conclude that social and institutional context is crucial in the city center regeneration and in heritage preservation in general and the ideas and principles widespread in Western Europe and the United States cannot be directly and straightforwardly imported into the context of post-Soviet transformation.

Key words::post-Soviet transformation; social context;historic urban centers; urban regeneration; Lithuania

来源出版物:Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2014, 15(6):637-643

Evaluation methods in the protection of built heritage

Mrak, Iva

Abstract: The growth of built heritage, and an increasingpublic interest for its conservation, combined with depletion of public resources, has lead to the development of the field of heritage management. This field includes cultural and economic understanding of heritage,valorisation of heritage, integral approach to spatial planning, participation of public in the decision-making process, and development of rational and transparent decision-making mechanisms. Decision-aid tools have a specific and highly significant role in this process. The development of evaluation methods is described, and possible uses of various evaluation models in the field of heritage are analysed in the paper.

Key words::evaluation methods; cultural built heritage;multicriteria analysis

来源出版物:Gradevinar, 2014, 66(2): 127-138

Evolution of a multidimensional architectural landscape under urban regeneration:A case study of Jinan, China

Xue, Chunlu; Zheng, Xinqi; Zhang, Bo; et al.

Abstract: Urban regeneration is a key to achieving the main goals of China’s urbanisation plan. How to analyse the urban landscape of the rapid development in order to meet the challenges of urban planning and build liveable cities is a concern for both government and society. This analysis is based on a case study on downtown Jinan,China, covering the period 2001-2011. It explores urban architectural changes in the horizontal and vertical landscapes after a decade of urban regeneration, focusing on two aspects: construction purpose and number of floors.The study uses the land use transfer matrix method, along with landscape indexes and spatial autocorrelation analysis,based on cadastral data. Results show that the horizontal architectural landscape changed at the city's edges, with no apparent change in the city centre. With changes in urban functions, horizontal landscapes became broken, but patch shapes did not manifest obvious changes. Residential,commercial, and industrial landscapes were the dominant types. Most converted areas became residential landscapes.Vertical landscapes tended to feature upward development.Patch shapes became more complex and broken, landscape richness increased, and building types became less densely aggregated. The dominant landscape type changed from bungalows to multi-layer and low-layer buildings. Vertical space utilisation became increasingly intensive. Urban regeneration was carried out locally. Respective areas marked by horizontal or vertical architectural renewal showed significant positive spatial correlation, implying increasing spatial centralisation. Vertical landscape patches largely changed in line with the horizontal types, but not the other way round. Ramshackle areas and shantytowns were transformed. Urban land use developed intensively,forming vertically dense landscapes. These results will serve as reference source for urban planning, regeneration,land resources management, urban architectural design and layout, optimisation of the ecological environment, and construction of liveable cities.

Key words::urban regeneration; urban land use;architectural landscape; architecture type conversion

来源出版物:Ecological Indicators, 2015, 55: 12-22

Scale-adjusted metrics for predicting the evolution of urban indicators and quantifying the performance of cities

Alves, LGA; Mendes, Renio S; Lenzi, Ervin K; et al.

Abstract: More than a half of world population is now living in cities and this number is expected to be two-thirds by 2050. Fostered by the relevancy of a scientific characterization of cities and for the availability of an unprecedented amount of data, academics have recently immersed in this topic and one of the most striking and universal finding was the discovery of robust allometric scaling laws between several urban indicators and the population size. Despite that, most governmental reports and several academic works still ignore these nonlinearities by often analyzing the raw or the per capita value of urban indicators, a practice that actually makes the urban metrics biased towards small or large cities depending on whether we have super or sublinear allometries. By following the ideas of Bettencourt et al. we account for this bias by evaluating the difference between the actual value of an urban indicator and the value expected by the allometry with the population size. We show that this scale-adjusted metric provides a more appropriate/informative summary of the evolution of urban indicators and reveals patterns that do not appear in the evolution of per capita values of indicators obtained from Brazilian cities. We also show that these scale-adjusted metrics are strongly correlated with their past values by a linear correspondence and that they also display crosscorrelations among themselves. Simplelinear models account for 31%-97% of the observed variance in data and correctly reproduce the average of the scale-adjusted metric when grouping the cities in above and below the allometric laws. We further employ these models to forecast future values of urban indicators and, by visualizing the predicted changes, we verify the emergence of spatial clusters characterized by regions of the Brazilian territory where we expect an increase or a decrease in the values of urban indicators.

来源出版物:PLoS One, 2015, 10(9): e0134862

Decoding dispossession: Eviction and urban regeneration in Johannesburg’s dark buildings

Wilhelm-Solomon, Matthew

Abstract: In January 2012 the residents of an inner-city tenement building in Doornfontein, Johannesburg, were evicted on a court order. The building was situated in a post-industrial neighbourhood in which thousands of South Africans and foreign nationals, many blind or disabled,live in unlawfully occupied buildings without access to water, basic sanitation, electricity and waste management services. Such buildings are known in policy discourse as ‘bad buildings’, and informally as ‘dark buildings’,invoking both a sense of developmental failure and spiritual insecurity. In this paper I analyse how urban renewal policies created social divisions and alliances not only among the residents of Chambers, which were channelled along nationalist lines, but also between the able-bodied and disabled, and produced new social alliances. In particular, I document how a group of blind Zimbabweans experienced threats of violence and accusations of betrayal, as they were offered alternate accommodation by the evicting company because of their disability. I argue here that the pressures of private-sector housing developments intersected with the insecurities and divisions of inner-city social spaces and also fostered new alliances. Following the work of Deleuze and Guattari, I invoke the concept of ‘decoding dispossession’, proposing that ongoing evictions and dispossessions are characterized by simultaneous movements of ‘decoding and deterritorialization’ and ‘overcoding-reterritorialization’.

Key words: urban regeneration; dispossession;Johannesburg; stigma; migration; blindness

来源出版物:Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography,2016, 37(3): 378-395

Struggling for an adaptive strategy? Discourse analysis of urban regeneration processes: A case study of Enning Road in Guangzhou City

Tan, Xiaohong; Altrock, Uwe

Abstract: Over the last two decades, China has experienced urban redevelopment at an unprecedented scale and speed. The state-sponsored property-led redevelopment pattern has been widely deployed as dominant urban regeneration strategy in many Chinese cities. Meanwhile, more and more attention has been paid to the protest and resistance of civil society to the tremendous demolition and eviction during the implementation of such strategies. Investigating the process, content and context of urban regeneration strategies in China provides fertile ground to understand the public participation process, specific plight and challenge of decision-making in urban regeneration in China. This reflects the logic and trend of urban governance in China within existing regulatory practices and institutional settings during the transformation period.As the understanding of strategy and problem are concomitant to each other, problem framing in urban regeneration is pivotal to understand urban regeneration strategies. Starting from this point, the object of this paper is to explore what the problems are, how they are defined and perceived by different actors, what strategies are promoted as solutions, and how they are legitimated or excluded. As problem framing is social construction through discourse by different actors, such close relationship of discourse and problem proves the necessity of undertaking discourse analysis as research approach to understand problem framing, also the process, content and context of urban regeneration strategies. To understand specific problems and challenges of urban regeneration strategies implemented in China's inner cities, this study inquires a controversial and well known redevelopment project called Enning Road, which has been the first“pioneer” in terms of comprehensively redeveloping old town areas in Guangzhou since the last decade. This project has received tremendous criticism, and it can be characterized by a continuous adjustment of the unstable strategies that were applied and a frequent stagnation due to social resistance from 2006 to 2015. It will demonstrate how different discourse coalitions are formed by the government, scholars, journalists, residents and NGOs andother stakeholders. For this purpose, the paper will discuss their shared interests, beliefs or rationalities and the way they use storylines to frame problems. In this context, a lot of local knowledge and expert knowledge is activated and utilized to construct those storylines. The urban regeneration process of Enning Road involves continuously changing problem definitions and continuous experimentation, translating into emergent adaptive strategies. It also shows the interplay between different ways of problem framing, and the complex interaction between problem framing and strategy promotion.

Key words::urban redevelopment strategy; problem framing; discourse analysis; Guangzhou; old town regeneration

来源出版物: Habitat International, 2016, 56: 245-257

Artists and Shanghai’s culture-led urban regeneration

Zhong, Sheng

Abstract: In recent years, Shanghai has seen a surge of culture-led urban regeneration efforts. The paper discusses the differentiated roles of artists in shaping Shanghai's three prominent arts districts. For simplicity of analysis and illustration, visual artists and environmental designers were crudely categorized into elite and non-elite groups depending on their exercised power in decision making in the transformation of the three sites. It was found that arts production and urban regeneration, two tightly state-controlled fields in China, were increasingly linked together in Chinese cities through capital circulation and conversion. Artists were a critical link of the two fields.There was a clear stratification and fragmentation among Shanghai artists. Elite artists possessed huge amounts of all types of capital, whereas non-elite members were disadvantaged on all fronts. In the field of urban regeneration, artists were not simply used unconsciously as“catalysts” by property interest and regeneration officials,but their elite segment also proactively helped reconstruct the physical and the symbolic urban spaces. The active participation in the real estate sector by cultural entrepreneurs aided the conversion of esthetic proposition in the arts field to culturally valorized spaces for sale in the urban regeneration field and this was enabled by the elite’s extensive connections with other powerful social agents in the business and the state sectors built over previous experiences. For the non-elite artists, they participated in the transformative process unaware of their auxiliary roles yet they had not acted as a collective critical force against the hegemonic growth regime.

Key words::artists; culture; urban regeneration; Shanghai

来源出版物:Cities, 2016, 56(S1): 165-171

Estimation of salt mixture damage on built cultural heritage from environmental conditions using ECOS-RUNSALT model

Menendez, Beatriz

Abstract: Salts are among the most active weathering agents acting in the degradation of cultural heritage,especially on stone and brick buildings. Most of the previous works on salt weathering studied only single salt composition despite the fact that in buildings a mixture of different salts is always present. This paper presents a methodology to estimate salt weathering from complex solution composition and meteorological data, temperature and relative humidity. The proposed method uses a thermodynamic model (ECOS-RUNSALT) to predict the variation of salt volume with changing environmental conditions. To illustrate how the developed method can be applied, two examples are presented. Firstly, the model has been applied to real measurements on a repairing mortar sample sampled from a building in the center of Paris.Secondly, the model has been applied to estimate salt damage produced by a theoretical salt composition in different locations of France. Possible applications in cultural heritage conservation are (i) the prediction of future behavior of cultural heritage building materials taking advantage of climatic models and (ii) a help to determine the optimal conditions to avoid, as much as possible, salt damage.

Key words::architectural heritage; contingent valuation;mountains; cultural goods

来源出版物:Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2017, 24: 22-30

责任编辑：卫夏雯

Research of high speed train carbody structure vibration behaviors and structure fatigue strength characteristic technology

BR Miao; WH Zhang; GH Huang; et al.

The hybrid simulation method based on Multibody Simulation (MBS) and finite element method(FEM) were proposed here and applied to study the relation between carbody structure vibration behaviors and structure fatigue strength characteristic. The detailed steps include: Firstly, rigid-flexible couple vehicle multibody system dynamic model was created and performed to obtain the load time histories corresponded to the typical load cases. Secondly, the carbody structure stresses was calculated through Finite Element (FE) quasi-static stress method. Finally, with the material fatigue property and some uncertainty factors, carbody fatigue damage distribution and life was calculated and evaluated. And the conclusions can be understood that the mechanism between the full vehicle dynamic property and structure damage distribution. The results are also shown that the hybrid simulation technology could be applied into the carbody structure fatigue design.

:carobody, dynamic stress analysis; finite element method (fem); multibody system; structure fatigue