“SKA建设准备阶段关键问题研究”项目立项报告

2016-12-23 17:55彭勃秦波张文静郑元鹏金乘进
科技创新导报 2016年23期

彭勃+秦波+张文静+郑元鹏+金乘进

摘 要:该报告在SKA科学目标预研究、天线研究、宽频带大视场接收机系统研究等方面,设立相应研究,针对性地开展相关的射电天文前沿科学和高技术研究。在SKA科学目标与研究方面,主要围绕宇宙再电离、暗能量与暗物质本质、河外射电源、SKA核心数据处理技术等课题开展预研究,同时组织国内射电天文界的相关力量,逐步凝练并形成中国SKA早期科学目标,并在此过程中,逐步发展国内的SKA科学研究团队。同时,将实施中国SKA人才培养计划,为我国未来SKA科学研究进行人才储备建设。在天线阵列研究方面,开展高频段口径15 m天线的天线理论、机械结构、馈电系统,以及大批量、低成本、高可靠性的天线研制技术研究。在宽频带大视场接收机技术方面,开展SKA先进仪器计划中的宽频带单波束接收机和相位阵技术研究,为SKA和国内大口径射电望远镜做相应技术储备。该项目拟基于大学、研究所和工业界现有研究队伍,以产学研合作的方式,培养、发展和壮大我国参与SKA未来建设和科学运行团队。

关键词:平方公里阵 射电天文 SKA早期科学 SKA天线 相位阵馈源 宽带单波束馈源

Abstract:The Square Kilometer Array (SKA), the world largest radio telescope that will be built by more than 10 countries including China, will provide great opportunities for important discoveries and scientific breakthroughs. This project aims at pre-studies of the SKA key science cases and technologies during the SKA Pre-construction phase. It consists of three sub-projects: (1)SKA science cases study; (2)R&D on antenna array technology;(3)research on wideband and large field-of-view receivers. The science team heavily focuses on re-ionization, dark matter and dark energy, extragalactic radio sources, and the SKA data processing. Another key issue for the science team is the “SKA Training Program”——to train students and young researchers all over the country, to get China better prepared for future use of the SKA. The research on antenna arrays includes structure, optics and receivers, and key technologies to enable a high-reliable, low cost design for mass production for 15m dishes. The research on receiver technologies includes wideband single pixel feed (WBSPF) and phase array feed (PAF), which will help to improve the performance of the large radio telescopes in China.

Key Words:Square kilometre array; Radio astronomy SKA early science; SKA dishes; Phased array feed; Wideband single pixel feed

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