The species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from Semnan province, Iran

Hassan GHAHARI， Jian HUANG

(1.Department of Plant Protection, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH)Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran；2.College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China)



The species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from Semnan province, Iran

Hassan GHAHARI1， Jian HUANG2

(1.DepartmentofPlantProtection,Yadegar-e-ImamKhomeini(RAH)ShahreReyBranch,IslamicAzadUniversity,Tehran,Iran；2.CollegeofPlantProtection,FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversity,Fuzhou,Fujian350002,China)

The species of some families of Chalcidoidea in Semnan province (northern Iran) were studied in this paper. Totally 10 species of the families Chalcididae (4 species from 4 generaHockeriaWalker,ChalcisFabricius,DirhinusDalman andProconuraDodd), Eulophidae (2 species from the genusChrysocharisFörster), Eurytomidae (2 species from 2 generaEurytomaIlliger andTetramesaWalker), Mymaridae (1 species from the genusErythmelusEnock) and Perilampidae (1 species from the genusChrysomallaFörster) were collected and identified.HockeriasingularisBoucek, 1952 (Chalcididae) is new record for Iran.

Hymenoptera; Chalcidoidea; Semnan; Iran

1 Introduction

The superfamily Chalcidoidea is a large group of parasitic wasps comprising approximately 22 thousand described species (Gokhman et al., 2009), and with an estimated 500 000 species (Heraty et al., 2013). Most of the species are parasitoids of other insects, attacking the egg or larval stage of their host, though many other life cycles are known. These hosts are to be found in at least 12 different insect orders including Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and other Hymenoptera, as well as two orders of Arachnida, and even one family of nematodes. A few species are phytophagous and the larvae feed inside seeds, stems, and galls (Gibson, 1993; Heraty et al., 2013).

The fauna of Iranian Chalcidoidea was studied rather well in several papers. Among the different families of Chalcidoidea, only Aphelinidae (Abd-Rabou et al., 2013), Encyrtidae (Fallahzadeh et al., 2010), Eulophidae (Talebi et al., 2011; Hesami et al., 2010), Eurytomidae and Torymidae (Stojanova et al., 2009) and Pteromalidae (Ghahari et al., 2015) were catalogued. The aim of this research is a faunistic survey on five families Chalcididae, Eulophidae, Eurytomidae, Mymaridae and Perilampidae in Semnan province. Chalcididae currently includes 87 genera and 1 464 species placed in 5 subfamilies in the world. Eulophidae is one of the large families of chalcidoids. It currently includes 297 genera and 4 472 species arranged in five subfamilies. World Eurytomidae currently includes 88 genera and 1 424 species placed in three subfamilies: Eurytominae, Heimbrinae, and Rileyinae. Mymaridae currently includes 103 genera and 1 424 species in the world. The family Perilampidae currently includes 15 genera and 277 species placed in 3 subfamilies as follows: Chrysolampinae, Perilampinae and Philomidinae (Noyes, 2011).

Semnan province covers an area of 96 816 km2and stretches along the Alborz mountain range and borders to Dasht-e Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province is divided into two parts: a mountainous region and the plains at the foot of the mountains (Figure 1).

Figure 1 Semnan province and its neighboring areas, Iran

2 Material and Methods

The specimens were collected by sweeping nets and Malaise traps from different regions of Semnan province (northern Iran). Also some parasitoids were obtained through the rearing of their hosts in optimum conditions [(27±1 ) ℃, (70±5)% RH, L∶D=16∶8] in an incubator for emergence of parasitoids. In this paper, classification, nomenclature and distribution data were taken from Noyes (2015).

3 Results and Discussion

In this research, totally 10 species of the families Chalcididae, Eulophidae, Eurytomidae, Mymaridae and Perilampidae were collected from different regions of Semnan province. The result of this paper and also other faunistic investigations on Hymenoptera of Semnan province (Ghahari, 2012, 2015; Ghahari et al., 2015; Samin et al., 2015) indicate that the fauna of these beneficial insects is very diverse in the mentioned area and continuing of faunistic surveys in order to determining of other families of Chalcidoidea is necessary.

Family Chalcididae Latreille, 1817

GenusHockeriaWalker, 1834

HockeriasingularisBoucek, 1952, new record for Ian

Material examined: Semnan province, Shahrud, 1 312 m, 35°30′N 55°30′E, 2♀, 13. VI. 2011.

Distribution outside Iran: Austria, Central Asia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Russia, Spain, former USSR.

GenusChalcisFabricius, 1787

ChalcisbiguttataSpinola, 1808

Material examined: Semnan province, Shahmirzad, 1 944 m, 35°46′N 53°19′E, 2♀, 7. V. 2013.

Distribution outside Iran: Caucasus, Central Asia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine, United Kingdom, former USSR.

GenusDirhinusDalman, 1818

Dirhinushesperidum(Rossi, 1790)

Material examined: Semnan province, Shahrud, 1 312 m, 35°30′N 55°30′E, 2♀, 14. VI. 2011.

Distribution outside Iran: Austria, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea, Moldova, North Africa, Romania, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine.

GenusProconuraDodd, 1915

Proconuranigripes(Fonscolombe, 1832)

Material examined: Semnan province, Damghan, 1 326 m, 35°30′N 54°20′E, 1♀, 1♂, 17. VI. 2011. Semnan province, Shahmirzad, 1 944 m, 35°46′N 53°19′E, 1♀, 6. V. 2013.

Distribution outside Iran: Albania, Algeria, Central Asia, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Libya, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Africa, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, former USSR.

Family Eulophidae Westwood, 1829

GenusChrysocharisFörster, 1856

Chrysocharisgemma(Walker, 1839)

Material examined: Semnan province, Damghan, 1 326 m, 35°30′N 54°20′E, 1♀, 17. VI. 2011. Semnan province, Garmsar, 850 m, 35°00′N 52°20′E, 1♀, 30. III. 2010.

Distribution outside Iran: Austria, Canada, Canary Islands, Central African Republic, Croatia, Cyprus, Europe, France, Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Italy, Madeira, Montenegro, Morocco, Nearctic, Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, former Yugoslavia.

Chrysocharispentheus(Walker, 1839)

Material examined: Semnan province, Shahrud, 1 312 m, 35°30′N 55°30′E, 2♀, 14. VI. 2011.

Distribution outside Iran: Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Canary Islands, China, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Macedonia, Malaysia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America, former USSR, former Yugoslavia.

Family Eurytomidae Walker, 1832

GenusEurytomaIlliger, 1807

EurytomastrigifronsThomson, 1876

Material examined: Semnan province, Semnan, 1 163 m, 35°20′N 53°20′E, 2♀, 12. IV. 2010.

Distribution outside Iran: Andorra, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Europe, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom, Ukraine, former USSR.

GenusTetramesaWalker, 1848

TetramesalongulaDalman, 1820

Material examined: Semnan province, Damghan, 1 326 m, 35°30′N 54°20′E, 2♀, 18. VI. 2011.

Distribution outside Iran: Caucasus, Central Asia, Europe, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Romania, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America, former USSR.

Family Mymaridae Haliday, 1833

GenusErythmelusEnock, 1909

Erythmelusteleonemiae(Subba Rao, 1984)

Material examined: Semnan province, Semnan, 1 163 m, 35°20′N 53°20′E, 1♀, 12. IV. 2010.

Distribution outside Iran: India, Iraq.

Family Perilampidae Förster, 1856

GenusChrysomallaFörster, 1859

ChrysomallaroseriFörster, 1859

Material examined: Semnan province, Shahmirzad, 1 944 m, 35°46′N 53°19′E, 2♀, 6. V. 2013.

Distribution outside Iran: Austria, Azerbaijan, Czech Republic, Europe, Germany, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Serbia, Spain, Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, former USSR, former Yugoslavia.

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Z.A. Yefremova (State Pedagogical University, Russia), A. Ribes (University of Lleida, Spain) and S.N. Myartseva (Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Mexico) for valuable helps in progress of the project. The research was supported by Islamic Azad University (Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch), and Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.

Abd-Rabou S,Ghahari H,Myartseva S N,et al,2013.Iranian Aphelinidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea)[J].Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies,1(4):116-140.

Fallahzadeh M,Japoshvili G,2010.Checklist of Iranian Encyrtids(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea)with descriptions of new species[J].Journal of Insect Science,10:68.

Ghahari H,2012.A study on the Ichneumonidae(Hymenoptera)from Jangal-e Abr,Semnan province,Iran[J].Calodema,201:1-4.

Ghahari H,2015.A faunistic study on Ichneumonidae(Hymenoptera)from Semnan province,Iran[J].Wuyi Science Journal 31:34-42.

Ghahari H,Gadallah N S,2015.A faunistic study on the Braconidae(Hymenoptera)from some regions of Semnan,Iran[J].Entomofauna,36(11):177-184.

Ghahari H,Doganlar M,Sureshan P M,et al,2015.An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Pteromalidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea)[J].Entomofauna(Supplement),19:1-101.

Gibson G A P,1993.Superfamilies Mymarommatoidea and Chalcidoidea[M]∥Goulet H,Huber J T.Hymenoptera of the World:an Identification Guide to Families.Ottawa:Research Branch Publication:570-655.

Gokhman V E,Gumovsky A V,2009.Main trends of karyotype evolution in the superfamily Chalcidoidea(Hymenoptera)[J].Comparative Cytogenetics,3(1):63-69.

Heraty J M,Burks R A,Cruaud A,et al,2013.A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea(Hymenoptera)[J].Cladistics,29(5):466-542.

Hesami S,Ebrahimi E,Ostovan H,et al,2010.Contribution to the study of Eulophidae(Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea)of Fars province of Iran:II- Subfamilies Entiinae and Eulophinae,with a checklist of Eulophidae species of Iran[J].Plant Protection Journal,2(3):239-253.

Noyes J S,2015.Universal Chalcidoidea Database.Natural History Museum,London[DB/OL].http:∥www.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/researchcuration/projects/chalcidoids/indexValidName.dsml.

Samin N,Fischer M,Ghahari H,2015.A contribution to the study on the fauna of Braconidae(Hymenoptera,Ichneumonoidea)from the province of Semnan,Iran[J].Arquivos Entomoloxicos,13:429-433.

Stojanova H,Ghahari H,2009.Checklists of Iranian Eurytomidae and Torymidae(Hymenoptera,Chalcidoidea)[J].Linzer biologische Beiträge,41(1):845-862.

Talebi A A,Khoramabadi A M,Rakhshani E,2011.Checklist of eulophid wasps(Insecta:Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)of Iran[J].Check List,7(6):708-719.

(责任编辑：陈晓雯)

伊朗Semnan省小蜂总科(Hymenoptera：Chalcidoidea)种类

Hassan GHAHARI1， 黄 建2

(1.DepartmentofPlantProtection,Yadegar-e-ImamKhomeini(RAH)ShahreReyBranch,IslamicAzadUniversity,Tehran,Iran；2.福建农林大学植物保护学院， 福建 福州 350002)

报道了伊朗北部Semnan省小蜂总科Chalcidoidea部分科的种类。总计采集鉴定了小蜂总科4科10种，含小蜂科Chalcididae 4种(Hockeria属，Chalcis属，Dirhinus属和Proconura属)，姬小蜂科Eulophidae 2种(Chrysocharis属)，广肩小蜂科Eurytomidae 2种(Eurytoma属和Tetramesa属)，柄翅小蜂科Mymaridae1种(Erythmelus属)，巨胸小蜂科Perilampidae 1种(Chrysomalla属)。其中， 小蜂科的HockeriasingularisBoucek 为伊朗分布新记录。

膜翅目； 小蜂总科； Semnan省； 伊朗

Q969.54

A

1001-4276-(2016)01-0052-05

Received： 2016-05-22; Published: 2016-10-31

Author: Hassan Ghahari, Email: hghahari@yahoo.com.

Ghahari H,Huang J,2016.The species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from Semnan province,Iran[J].武夷科学，32：52-56.