李永泉 毛旭明 康前进 白林泉
摘 要:抗生素生物合成的整个过程由多个环节构成,受到前体物供给、装配、外运、调控和抗性等因素的影响,因此形成了相应的各种生物合成元件和模块。其中最为重要的是控制生物合成基因转录和翻译等表达水平的调控蛋白及其机制。放线菌的调控蛋白有全局性、多效性和途径专一性三种类型,并形成复杂的级联调控网络,对抗生素的合成实施严谨的控制。调控基因的功能鉴定和调控机理的解析是定向提高生物合成基因转录水平和抗生素产量的重要前提,也是构建抗生素高效合成的放线菌底盘生物的必要基础。在该研究执行的前两年,本研究重点对纳他霉素产生菌和天蓝色链霉菌的多个重要调节基因及其调控机制展开了深入的研究。抗生素生物合成途径优化的重要策略之一是提高生物合成基因及其编码蛋白的表达水平,因此,解析抗生素生物合成的调控机制是实施该策略的重要前提。该研究对恰塔努加链霉菌和天蓝色链霉菌中跟那他霉素、十一烷基灵菌红素和放线紫红素相关的多个途径专一性基因和多效性基因进行了功能鉴定,揭示了放线菌抗生素生物合成复杂而特别的调控机制,为途径优化和优良底盘生物的构建奠定了基础,而且通过调控基因的改造显著提高了抗生素的产量或缩短了发酵周期,已经初步显示出改造调节基因是提高抗生素产量的重要合成生物学策略。
关键词:抗生素 生物合成 调控 放线菌
Abstract:The process of antibiotic biosynthesis is affected by precursor availability, assembly, export,regulation and resistance and requires many related components and modules.Regulation and its mechanism plays pivotal role in antibiotic biosynthesis. Actinobacteria ususally have global, pleitropic and pathway-specific regulators, which form a very complicated regulation cascade and exert stringent control on antibiotic biosynthesis. Identifying regulators and elucidating their regulatory mechanisms are essential for antibitic titer increase and engineering of chassis. Herein, many of regulators had been characterized with novel and interesting mechanisms for natamycin and actinorhodin biosynthesis in Streptomyces chattanoogensis and Streptomyces coelicolor.The obtained data pave the way for optimizing the expression of biosynthetic genes, and also proved the efficiency of engineering the regulatory network towards higher titer.
Key Words:Antibiotics;Biosynthesis;Regulation;Actinobacteria
阅读全文链接(需实名注册):http://www.nstrs.cn/xiangxiBG.aspx?id=49818&flag=1