捕捉技术动作的细节

文/五花肉

捕捉技术动作的细节

Capture the Detail of Movement Skills

文/五花肉

自1964年被列入奥运会正式竞赛项目至今，排球运动一直处于高速发展状态，技战术水平日新月异、比赛精彩程度不断提高。个中原因除了运动员身体素质增强、排球运动规则改进以外，

标准化的训练方式也发挥着举足轻重的推动作用。

Volleyball has been under fast development since it became a part of the official program of Tokyo Olympics in 1964. The game is getting more and more exciting as its technical and tactical level is always changing. Except for the enhancement of volleyball player's physical fitness and the improvement of volleyball rules, standard training method plays an important role in the volleyball's development.

标准姿态是提高关键

Standard Posture is the Key

研究显示，排球比赛中运动员运动能力的高效、稳定发挥，直接取决于其是否能以标准姿态完成击球、传接球和移动等一系列技术动作。因此，如何让运动员在比赛中最大限度地保持标准动作姿态，成为教练员提升球队技战术水平、有效降低运动损伤概率的关键。

Research shows whether volleyball players can make movements such as hitting ball, passing ball and moving in standard postures determines player's efficient and normal performance. Therefore, how to make players keep postures conformed with standards in the game become the key for the coach to improve team's technical and tactical level and reduce the sporting injuries effectively.

传统训练靠感觉掌握

Traditional Training Relies on Sense

传统的标准技术动作训练主要依赖于教练员的观察、球员自身感觉，以及长期反复的练习。然而，由于排球运动对技术动作完成速度有着极高的要求，运动员在训练中的某些细微的不规范动作因此难以靠肉眼捕捉或主观感知。这种方法上的局限，使得曾经广泛使用的传统训练方法反过来成为运动员发挥运动能力的障碍。

Traditional standard movement skill training relies on coach's observation, player's sensibility and long-term repetitive practice. However, it is difficult to notice the slight nonstandard movement by naked eyes and subjective perception because volleyball has high requirement for the speed of finishing the movement skill. Because of this limitation, the traditional trainingwidely used in the past has negative impact on the player's performance.

动作捕捉与标准动作

Movement Capture and Standard Motion

为了突破感官上的障碍，人们开始逐步采用动作捕捉方法来辅助球员的动作标准化训练。作为一种实现运动生物力学分析的重要手段，动作捕捉通过记录动作过程、采集和分析动作信号来建立动作的三维图像模型，从而量化分析球员整体姿态和细微技术动作。

In order to break barrier of the senses, motion capture technology is applied to assist the training. As a sport biomechanical method, it builds a three-dimensional image model via recording the motion process, collecting and analyzing the motion signals, which can analyze the player' postures and subtle movement skills.

这种“三维模型+量化对比”的方法给予运动员和教练员客观的技术数据反馈，实现了迅速掌握标准技术动作的目标。实践证明，该方法非常适合辅助排球运动员进行技术动作的标准化训练，并能有效增强标准技术动作训练效果。

The volleyball players and coach can get an objective technical data feedback from using the combination of three-dimensional image model and quantitative comparison analysis, which also help them achieve the goal of quickly grasping standard movement skills. Practice has proved that this method works for assisting volleyball players with movement skills training and enhancing the training effect.

结 语

Conclusion

纵观排球运动发展历史，着眼于帮助运动员快速掌握标准技术动作的训练方式，经历了从无到有、从有到精的演变过程，人们对技术动作标准化的孜孜追求，为排球运动水平的提高打下了坚实的基础。

Throughout volleyball's history, the training method aiming to help volleyball players quickly grasp standard movement skills developed from nonexistence to pass into existence and to proficiency. The pursuit of movement skill standardization lays a solid foundation for the improvement of volleyball level.

（支持单位：上海市质量和标准化研究院）