Discussion on Great Ruins Presentation Method —— A Case Study of Wuhan Panlong City Archaeological Park



Discussion on Great Ruins Presentation Method
—— A Case Study of Wuhan Panlong City Archaeological Park

Zhu Guoqing1,Tang Yuyang2

(1.School of Urban ConstructionYangtze University,JingzhouHubei434023;2.Academy of Architectural HeritageBeijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044)

Ⅰ.Idea of great ruins presentation

1.Combination of protection and utilization

The planning and construction of great ruins shall be based on the awareness of that protection shall be equal to utilization,taking protection as the foundation,utilization as the purpose while presentation as the idea of effective approaches for protection and utilization.The relationship between protection and utilization shall be properly handled in line with the cultural relic’s laws and the guidance of protection practice.The environmental improvement,facilities construction,presentation and utilization shall try best to avoid the interference with the ruins and corresponding environment,carry out scientific planning with proper scale and reasonable functions and coordinate with the general environment of the ruins based on the condition of cultural relics protection,the principle of protecting the ruins and not damaging the historical environment of the ruins,and the requirements of solving the most basic services and functions.

2.Combination of ruins and parks

Establishment of national ruins park is a relatively feasible approach for great ruins protection in China and has an important significance in the exploration of internationally compatible cultural heritage protection mode and the national heritage park mode with Chinese characteristics as well as the promotion of the sustainable development of cultural heritage protection undertakings.It is available to construct a large ruins park integrating the ruins protection,ecological landscape and recreational space with multiple ruins presentation methods combining with different heritage features and cultural connotations in order to give full play to the combined effect of economy and ecology to bring the region with tremendous cultural and social benefits.

3.Combination of professional and public natures

The purpose of great ruins presentation is to give play to a wider social benefits and economic cultural benefits.Thus,ruins shall be publicly utilized to promote the public understanding and appreciation of cultural heritages so that the public will learn and understand the splendid Chinese culture and accept the educational and cultural influences through the ruins presentation which can enhance the visibility,readability and appreciation value of the ruins.In this case,in addition to the prospective of archaeology and researches carried out by cultural heritage department and professionals,great ruins utilization shall also be public demands-oriented and combined with the features of the ruins resources to cultivate the public awareness of cultural heritage protection and participation in order to improve the public sense of cultural identity and national pride.

4.Combination of appreciation and participation

Ruins presentation shall set the products of scientific popularization experience by recreation techniques to integrate the ruins cultural presentation,recreation facilities and means as well as the scientific popularization education and theme education; and emphasize the close contact and in-depth experience between mankind and ruins so that the audience can accept the historical influence during the unforgettable experience and learn from the entertainment in order to improve their understanding of the ruins culture.

Ⅱ.Contents and methods of great ruins presentation

The content of great ruins presentation shall include the following 4 aspects: (1) presentation of the noumenal sites and relics,the direct form of expression of great ruins; (2) presentation of the natural environment around the great ruins,including the landform,water,vegetation,style and features of the historical environment of the great ruins area; (3) presentation of material cultural landscape other than the sites and relics,including the settlement,roads,fields,historical buildings,urban and rural sceneries and other landscapes formed as a result of the mankind activities combined with the natural landscape within the ruins area; (4) presentation of intangible cultural landscape,namely the presentation of the significant historical culture,historical events,historical activities,historical figures,place spirit,folk customs,production lives of indigenous people and other spiritual culture and intangible culture carried and inherited by the great ruins.

Different presentation contents have different presentation methods.The great ruins presentation can be divided into four great parts,expression of noumenal sites and relics,expression of natural landscape,expression of cultural context and expression of interaction with every part subdivided into numerous specific presentation methods based on the objects,contents and purposes of the great ruins presentation.

Ⅲ.Construction of the presentation system of panlong city archaeological park

1.Themes of ruins presentation

According to the core value of Panlong City Ruins,it is an archaeological experience park integrating protection and presentation education focusing on military sites of Shang Dynasty and Bronze Culture,aiming at the presentation of the military position and political function of Panlong City in the early Shang Dynasty as well as its historical impact on northern and southern cultures exchange in the Bronze Age through multiple means,and display of city siting,planning and layout features in Shang Dynasty as well as the exquisite and unique Bronze Art Cultural Characteristics.

2.Ruins presentation system

(1) Noumenon expression: It refers to the presentation of the functional layout features,multi-level military defense and abundant Bronze Cultural Heritages by the presentation methods of noumenon,simulation,identification and others subsequently supported by archaeological work based on the sites and relics of inner city wall,moat,outside city strip rammed earth sites,construction foundation,tombs,workshops,cultural section and others.

(2) Environmental expression: It mainly refers to the presentation of the landscape pattern of the siting of PanLong City and the military defensive function of the natural landscape environment by methods such as visiting and overlooking,walking,aquatic touring the natural topography,water landscape,ecological vegetation and other landscapes,as well as the presentation of the spatial relationship among the settlement levels by the level processing of a large area of natural secondary forest and flower fields.

(3) Cultural expression: It refers to the interpretation of the cultural types,archaeological research,protection and management work of PanLong City by cultural recreation square setting,series of Shang artifacts,archaeological site restoration,virtual holographic images and other methods.

(4) Interaction expression: It refers to the presentation of the cultural types of PanLong City under the influence of the double cultural factors of Yellow River and Yangtze River Basins and the interpretation of the similarities and differences between PlanLong City culture and other relevant cultures over the same period by mobilizing the enthusiasm of the visitors through pottery making,cultural relics recognition games,holographic scene,restoration participation and other experiencing and participating interactive methods.

3.Ruins presentation methods

The presentation methods involved with the core area are original appearance presentation,analog presentation,identification presentation,archaeological site presentation,landscape presentation,interaction presentation and digital presentation.

(1) Original appearance presentation: It refers to the cultural layers of Yangjiawan ruins and PanLong City wall.Noumenon presentation is one of the most authentic and direct methods of ruins presentation which enables people to see the real original appearance of the ruins.

(2) Analog presentation: It is set at the outside city strip rammed earth site,Yangjiawan ruins,Lijiazui ruins,Yangjiazui ruins,city wall,gate,palace foundation and so on sites.Ruins simulation presentation means to carry out protective backfill of the ruins and mimic the original appearance of the ruins at the original site by modern material without affecting the appearance of the ruins for public presentation.The advantage is to protect the ruins while presenting a relatively real ruins scene to the public.

(3) Identification presentation: Identification presentation is divided into ground identification,terrestrial vegetation identification and aquatic vegetation identification.Ground identification is located at Jiangjiawan burial pits ruins,Yangjiawan and Wangjiazui ruins.Terrestrial vegetation identification is located at the outside city strip rammed earth site; city wall,moats,inner city and palace terrace of PanLong City.Aquatic vegetation identification is located at the city moats of PanLong City.Identification presentation is to present the ruins with ambiguous or disappeared ground remains by laying multiple materials or planting different vegetation to be distinguished from the surrounding ground.Its main purpose is to present the range of the ruins.

(4) Archaeological site presentation: It refers to the Yangjiawan archaeological site,mainly presenting the currently ongoing archaeological works to visitors,enabling visitors to get real experience of how to carry out the archaeological work.

(5) Landscape presentation: Landscape presentation is divided into panorama presentation,landscape scene presentation and aquatic landscape presentation.Panorama presentation is set at the presentation point on the observatory of the water tower and the overlooking point of the Xiaozui ruins.Landscape scene presentation is located at the Bronze Culture experience park,archaeological exploration scenario presentation points and PanLong time square.And the aquatic landscape presentation refers to the aquatic tour route.

(6) Interaction presentation: Interaction presentation is set in the PanLong City Museum,Bronze Culture Experience Park,Archaeological Exploration Scenario Presentation,Archaeology Exhibition Center,and Workshop Ruins Presentation.It is to encourage visitors to participate through the creation of particular virtual scenes in order to mobilize their enthusiasm and achieve the purpose of participation and interaction.

(7) Digital presentation: Digital presentation is arranged in Panlong City Museum,Archaeology Exhibition Center and Palace Scene Presentation.It is a kind of high-tech presentation means in recent years,and is able to achieve the effect equivalent to real scene observation through 3D scene roaming observation.It is also applicable for virtual tour show.

Ⅳ.Conclusion

Panlong City Ruins,as a typical representative of great ruins,has taken different presentation methods based on the types of ruins and different presentation objects.In addition to the static presentation of its noumenal sites and relics,the presentation of Panlong City Ruins has presented the culture and environment carried by the ruins through multiple methods while protecting and displaying the noumenal sites and relics based on the comprehensive constituent elements and historical and cultural deposits of great ruins,which can improve the readability,appreciation value,publicity and educational effect of the ruins.

Today,people have extensively recognized that only a positive and effective presentation of real and vivid ruins to public can better achieve the ruins protection; and only the promotion of the understandability and appreciation value of ruins can arouse public interests in learning the history of human beings from ruins so that the great ruins can be utilized by the general public and achieve real cultural heritage.

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The paper describes the specific contents and methods for great ruins presentation based on its defined concept.Taking Wuhan Panlong City Archaeological Park as an example,it expresses the main contents according to the positioning and presentation theme of the Park,and summarizes a series of presentation methods and system construction strategies of the Panlong City Archaeological Park,expecting to be helpful for the great ruins protection and utilization.

archaeological park; great ruins; presentation method

About the author：Zhu Guoqing,MA.,lecturer at School of Urban Construction,Yangtze University;Tang Yuyang,professor,doctor supervisor at Academy of Architectural Heritage,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture.