李翔鹰
【摘要】 高三英语第一轮复习在高考备考教学中起着举足轻重的作用,因为它时间长,容量大,基础性强,因此,在复习中要充分调动分类、比较、归纳、总结等手段,以点带面,才能在温故中知新,在巩固中扩展。这实际上就是要求我们用灵活的方法去学习旧知识。
【关键词】 第一轮复习 复习手段 方法
【中图分类号】 G633.41 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1992-7711(2015)09-072-020
进入高三,第一轮复习起着承上启下的作用。在这一阶段,教师要将高中所学的知识和技能进行了认真、详细、全面的梳理,学生要基本了解高考所要求的知识点、考点等。那么高三第一轮复习如何进行,才能高效呢?
目前高考英语在重视基础知识的同时,突出考查学生的语言运用能力,形成了以篇章阅读为主体的试题布局。因此,第一轮复习的过程不应是对已学知识的简单重复和强化,而是一个再学习,再认识、提高理解能力和运用能力的过程。
现就高中人教版教材必修三第五单元:Canada“The True North ”为例,将复习的学案设计为以下几个步骤:
复习巩固基础知识
对词汇、短语、句型、语法这些基础知识的回顾和梳理,能够使学生把握住本单元的重点。之后在通过一些填空练习,转换句型,翻译句子等形式,检验学生对知识的掌握情况,同时查漏补缺。
一、单词:根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词拼写,使句子通顺。例如:
1. We are very (please) that youve decided to go with us.
2. (measure)are being taken to reduce crime in the city.
3. Many visitors like the (surround) in the town so much that theyd like to live there for a life.
4. When it comes to job interview, first (impress) are important.
5. The film terrified all the children in the cinema and even some adults had expression on their faces. (terrify)
Keys: pleased; surrounding; impression; terrifying, terrified;
二、短语、句型:将相应的英语填到空格处,或按题后的要求完成,并用部分短语、句型造句。例如:
1.与其,不愿
2.定居,平静下来
3. 对……有天赋
4. 靠近
5. I my old friend in town today.( 看见,瞥见)
用以上1、2、3、4、这几道题中填出的短语造句。
1.
2.
3.
4.
Keys: rather than; settle down; have a gift for; be close to ; caught sight of;
三、语法: 复习同位语从句,并能够与定语从句区分开。
同位语从句用来解释说明前面的名词,通常由本身无意义的连词that引导,通常不可省略。一般在fact news idea hope doubt fear belief dream plan advice suggestion decision 等名词后有同位语从句,具体说明这些名词的内容。
The news that they won the match is true. (同位语从句:that不做成分,无含义)
The news that you told us yesterday is true. (定语从句:that做成分,有含义)练习:1)There is no doubt that he is the best person for this position. (毫无疑问的是)
2)(2009江西)The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.(key: that)
强化重点知识拓展
对本单元的重点知识,进行全面系统的归纳、总结、延伸,使学生对本部分知识有一个详细的认识,并能灵活应用。
一、词汇的拓展与延伸
下面例举几个词汇复习的案例:
1.surround vt.&vi. 包围,围绕
拓展:surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境
用法:be surrounded by/with 周围都是……
Surround…with 用……包围
例句:The police surrounded the house.=The house was surrounded by the police.
练习: by a group of children ,he felt happy.
There is no such kind of modern hospital in the areas.
She has always been fashionable friends.
She hopes to bring up her children in healthy .
With the house , the thief couldnt flee and was caught.
(keys: surrounded surrounding surrounded with surrounding surrounded)
2.terrify vt. 使恐怖;恐吓
拓展:terrifying adj 可怕的,令人恐怖的 terrified adj. 恐怖的 terror n. 恐惧
用法:be terrified at/by sth. 被…..恐吓
be terrified of sh=be afraid of 害怕……
例句:They were terrified at his sudden appearance.
= His sudden appearance terrified them.
The child was terrified of being left alone in the house.
练习:She that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
It was a experience that a expression was on his face.
(keys: was terrified that; terrifying; terrified )
二、句型的拓展与延伸
在词汇复习的基础上,教师可开展词型练习。可参考下面的格式进行。
课文例句:It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 900 meters.那里空气湿润,因而数目长的相当高,有的超过90米。
解释1:so…that 如此……以至于,后跟结果状语从句,常用too to或enough to 来变为简单句,如:she was so angry that she couldnt say a word.= She was too angry to say a word.塔台气愤以至于说不出话来。
辨析:so…that 与 such...that
二者意义一致,that 均引导结果状语从句,但是so为副词,such为形容词,所以二者所接词不一样的。
So+adj/adv + that或so +adj +a(n) +单名+that
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
Such + adj +复名+that 或 such +a(n) +单名+that
She is such a good teacher that we all love her.
They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes.
解释2:some measuring over 90 meters. 是独立主格结构:独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成,在语法上是一个独立的短语,不是句子,相当于状语从句,可表示时间、原因、条件、行为或伴随情况。其 构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语,如:
做时间状语:The meeting over, they left the hall.
做原因状语:My watch having been lost, I didnt know what time it was.
做条件状语:Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
描述伴随行为或补充说明:Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.
练习:根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。
She is lovely a girl all of us like very much.
The test (finish), we began our holiday.
Weather (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
He came into the room, his ears (冻得发紫)
He came out of the library, a book (夹在胳膊下)
(Keys: so that; finished; permitting; his ears red with cold; under his arm.)
精讲经典高考例题
例如下面题,教师应从知识点、情境、选项特点等诸多方面进行剖析。
(2010年陕西) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
详解:考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。当从塔顶看的时候,南边的山脚是一片树的海洋。动词see与句中主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。此非谓语结构相当于一个状语从句:if / when it is seen from the top of the tower. Key: Seen.
落实平时综合训练
这一步骤中包含了高考所考题型:听力理解、单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、改错、书面表达。能力训练的目的就是在第一轮基础知识、基础技能复习过程中,要适度进行一下综合训练,以检验第一轮复习的效果,为综合运用服务。所以在每册书复习完之后,有必要进行测试类的训练。
第一轮复习是高考三轮复习的重中之重,其内容之广,耗时之多是其它两轮复习不可比拟的,它的好坏决定随后两轮复习的质量,甚至影响到学生高考的发挥,必须给予高度的重视。上面介绍的复习方法一改过去传统的做法,即把字词、短语、句子只是罗列出了,要求学生学习掌握,而是将重点知识放到一个新的语境中,设计各种不同试题,让学生做,检查他们对这些知识复习、掌握、应用的情况。当然,这要求学生提前自觉地复习所学知识,对学生自主学习的习惯和能力有一定的要求。